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Gosainthan ... Gould, Benjamin Apthorp
Gosainthan
one of the world's highest mountains (26,286 ft [8,012 m]), in the Himalayas of southern Tibet, China, near the Nepal border. The Trisuli River cuts a gorge to the west ...
Goschen, George Joachim Goschen, 1st Viscount
British economist and administrator, who worked for both Liberal and Conservative governments in the late 19th century.
Goscinny, Rene
French writer who is best known for the comic strip "Asterix", which he created with illustrator Albert Uderzo.
Gosford
city, east-central New South Wales, Australia, at the north end of the Brisbane Water branch of Broken Bay.
Gosford, Archibald Acheson, 2nd earl of, Baron Worlingham
governor in chief of British North America in 1835-37, who alienated English- and French-speaking colonists in Canada.
goshawk
any of the more powerful accipiters, or true hawks (i.e., belonging to the genus Accipiter), primarily short-winged, forest-dwelling bird catchers, of which the northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) is best known. ...
Goshen
city, seat (1831) of Elkhart county, northern Indiana, U.S., on the Elkhart River, 23 miles (37 km) east-southeast of South Bend. Settled in 1828-30 and probably named for Goshen, N.Y., ...
Goshen College
private, coeducational institution of higher learning in Goshen, Ind., U.S. It is a Mennonite liberal arts college that offers bachelor of arts degree programs in fine arts, humanities, sciences, Bible ...
Gosho Heinosuke
Japanese motion-picture director and writer famous for films concerning the everyday lives of middle-class people. He is also noted for adapting Japanese literary works to the screen and for his ...
Gosiute
ethnolinguistic group of Western Shoshone Indians formerly living west of the Great Salt Lake in the arid region of the North American Great Basin. They were often reported in the ...
Goslar
city, Lower Saxony Land (state), north-central Germany. It lies at the northern foot of the Harz Mountains, south of Braunschweig. Founded in 922 to protect rich silver ...
Goslicki, Wawrzyniec
Roman Catholic bishop and diplomat whose political writings were precursory to Catholic liberalism.
Gosnold, Bartholomew
English explorer and colonizer.
Gospel
any of four biblical narratives covering the life and death of Jesus Christ. Written, according to tradition, respectively by Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John (the four evangelists), they are placed ...
gospel music
a form of black American music derived from church worship services and from spiritual (q.v.) and blues singing. Gospel music spread through song publishing, concerts, recordings, and radio and television ...
Gosplan
central board that supervised various aspects of the planned economy of the Soviet Union by translating into specific national plans the general economic objectives outlined by the Communist Party and ...
Gosport
port town and borough (district), administrative and historic county of Hampshire, England. It lies on a peninsula between Portsmouth Harbour and The Solent, opposite the Isle of Wight. Gosport prospered ...
gossamer-winged butterfly
any of numerous insects belonging to the family Lycaenidae (order Lepidoptera), including several hundred species commonly called coppers, blues, and hairstreaks. All are small to medium-sized butterflies (wingspan 1-3 cm ...
gossan
rust-coloured oxide and hydroxide minerals of iron and manganese that cap an ore deposit. Gossans form by the oxidation of the sulfide minerals in an ore deposit and they thus ...
Gossart, Jan
Flemish painter who was one of the first artists to introduce the style of the Italian Renaissance into the Low Countries.
Gosse, Philip Henry
English naturalist who invented the institutional aquarium.
Gosse, Sir Edmund
English translator, literary historian, and critic who introduced the work of Henrik Ibsen and other continental European writers to English readers.
Gossec, Francois-Joseph
one of the principal composers of 18th-century France, whose symphonies and chamber works helped shape the orchestral forms of the Classical period in France.
Gossett, Louis, Jr.
American stage, screen, and television actor. In 1983 Gossett received an Academy Award for best supporting actor for his portrayal of tough-hearted drill sergeant Emil Foley in
Got Islands
archipelago, northeastern East China Sea, lying off the western coast of Kyushu, Japan, and administratively part of Nagasaki ken (prefecture). The chain consists of more than 100 ...
Gotaland
major region of southern Sweden, comprising the landskaper (provinces) of Vas tergotland, Dalsland, Ostergotland, Smaland, Oland, Gotland, Bohuslan, Skane, Halland, and Blekinge (qq.v.). Its land area of 33,728 square miles ...
Gotarzes I
king of Parthia (reigned 91-87 or 91-81/80 BC).
Gotarzes II
king of Parthia (reigned c. AD 38-51).
Gotch, Frank
American professional freestyle, or catch-as-catch-can, wrestler, considered one of the greatest in the history of the sport.
Goteborg
Sweden's chief seaport and second largest city. It lies along the Gota River estuary, about 5 miles (8 km) above that river's mouth in the Kattegat. Goteborg is the principal ...
Goteborg och Bohus
former lan (county) of southwestern Sweden, located in a coastal area along the Skagerrak and Kattegat. Founded as a county in 1680, it was merged with Alvsborg and Skaraborg in ...
Gotemba
city, Shizuoka ken (prefecture), Honshu, Japan, on the eastern foot of Mount Fuji. Best known as a recreational and tourist centre, the city has a picturesque setting and serves as ...
Goth
member of a Germanic people whose two branches, the Ostrogoths and the Visigoths, for centuries harassed the Roman Empire. According to their own legend, reported by the mid-6th-century Gothic historian ...
Gotha
city, Thuringia Land (state), central Germany. It lies on the northern edge of the Thuringian Forest, 13 miles (21 km) west of Erfurt.
Gothic alphabet
writing system invented in the 4th century AD by Ulfilas, an Arian bishop, for recording the Gothic language; this writing system should not be confused with "Gothic script," a form ...
Gothic art
the painting, sculpture, architecture, and music characteristic of the second of two great international eras that flourished in western and central Europe during the Middle Ages. Gothic art evolved from ...
Gothic language
extinct East Germanic language spoken by the Goths, who originally lived in southern Scandinavia but migrated to eastern Europe and then to southern and southwestern Europe. The language is especially ...
Gothic novel
European Romantic, pseudomedieval fiction having a prevailing atmosphere of mystery and terror. Its heyday was the 1790s, but it underwent frequent revivals in subsequent centuries. Called Gothic because its imaginative ...
Gothic Revival
architectural style that drew its inspiration from medieval architecture and competed with the Neoclassical revivals in the United States and Great Britain. Only isolated examples of the style are to ...
Gotland
island, lan (county), and coextensive landskap (province), Sweden, in the Baltic Sea. The island is 1,159 square miles (3,001 square km) in area. Several wide bays indent the island's low ...
Goto Shimpei
statesman, who, together with General Kodama Gentaro, successfully modernized the Taiwanese economy and made the island of Taiwan a financially independent colony of Japan.
Goto Shojiro
one of the leaders of the Meiji Restoration, the 1868 overthrow of feudal authority in Japan, and a major proponent of restructuring the new government along Western parliamentary lines. He ...
gotra
lineage segment within an Indian caste that prohibits intermarriage by virtue of the members' descent from a common mythical ancestor, an important factor in determining possible Hindu marriage alliances. The ...
Gottfried Von Strassburg
one of the greatest medieval German poets, whose courtly epic Tristan und Isolde is the classic version of this famous love story.
Gotthard, Saint
abbot and archbishop, who helped foster the development of Hildesheim and who played an important role in the imperial campaign to reform and reorganize the Bavarian church.
Gotthelf, Jeremias
Swiss novelist and short-story writer whose vivid narrative works extol the virtues of Bernese rural people and defend traditional church and family life.
Gotti, John
American organized-crime boss whose flamboyant lifestyle and frequent public trials made him a prominent figure in New York City in the 1980s and '90s.
Gottingen
city, Lower Saxony Land (state), central Germany. It lies on the Leine River, about 60 miles (100 km) south of Hannover. First mentioned as Gutingi in 953, ...
Gottingen, University of
one of the most famous universities in Europe, founded in Gottingen, Germany, in 1737 by George II of England in his capacity as Elector of Hanover. In the late 18th ...
Gottinger Hain
a literary association of the German "sentimentality" era (1740-80), credited with the reawakening of homely, folkish, and nature themes in the German lyric and popular national poetry. Members were the ...
Gottlieb, Adolph
American painter important as an early and outstanding member of the New York school of Abstract Expressionists.
Gottman, Jean
French geographer who introduced the concept and term megalopolis for large urban configurations.
Gottschalk Of Orbais
monk, poet, and theologian whose teachings on predestination shook the Roman Catholic church in the 9th century.
Gottschalk, Louis Moreau
the first American pianist to achieve international recognition and the first American composer to utilize Latin-American and Creole folk themes and rhythms.
Gottsched, Johann Christoph
literary theorist, critic, and dramatist who introduced French 18th-century classical standards of taste into the literature and theatre of Germany.
gottuvadyam
long-necked stringed instrument of the lute family. The gottuvadyam is a staple instrument of the Carnatic music tradition of India. It is similar to the vina in ...
Gottwald, Klement
Czechoslovak Communist politician and journalist, successively deputy premier (1945-46), premier (1946-48), and president (1948-53) of Czechoslovakia.
Gotz, Hermann
composer whose only enduring work is his comic opera based on William Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew.
gouache
painting technique in which a gum is added to watercolours, producing an opaque effect. In watercolour the tiny particles of pigment become enmeshed in the fibre of the paper; in ...
Gouda
gemeente (commune), Zuid-Holland provincie, western Netherlands, at the confluence of the Gouwe and IJssel rivers in a fertile polder district. Chartered in 1272, it was a centre of the medieval ...
Gouda
semisoft cow's-milk cheese of The Netherlands, named for the town of its origin. Gouda is traditionally made in flat wheels of 10 to 12 pounds (4.5 to 5.4 kilograms), each ...
Goudimel, Claude
French composer noted for his settings of the metrical psalms.
Goudsmit, Samuel Abraham
Dutch-born U.S. physicist who, with George E. Uhlenbeck (q.v.), a fellow graduate student at the University of Leiden, Neth., formulated (1925) the concept of electron spin, leading to major changes ...
Goudy, Frederic W
U.S. printer and typographer who designed more than 100 typefaces outstanding for their strength and beauty.
Gouges, Olympia de
French social reformer and writer who challenged conventional views on a number of matters, including the role of women.
Gough Island
island associated with the Tristan da Cunha (q.v.) island group.
Gough, Sir Hubert de la Poer
World War I commander of the British 5th Army, which bore the brunt of the great German offensive in March 1918.
Gough, Sir Hugh
British soldier prominent in the Peninsular War and in India, who was said to have commanded in more general actions than any British officer except the Duke of Wellington.
Gouin, Sir Lomer
Canadian politician and statesman who was premier of the province of Quebec from 1905 to 1920.
Goujon, Jean
French Renaissance sculptor of the mid-16th century.
Goulart, Joao
reformist president of Brazil (1961-64) until he was deposed.
goulash
traditional stew of Hungary. The origins of goulash have been traced to the 9th century, to stews eaten by Magyar shepherds. Before setting out with their flocks, they prepared a ...
Goulburn
principal city of the Southern Tablelands, southeastern New South Wales, Australia. It lies at the confluence of the Wollondilly and Mulwaree rivers. It was established on a site chosen in ...
Goulburn Islands
group of islands in the Arafura Sea off the northern coast of Arnhem Land in Northern Territory, northern Australia. They comprise South Goulburn Island (30 square miles [78 square km]), ...
Goulburn River
river that, together with the Campaspe and Loddon rivers, drains most of central Victoria, Australia. Rising on Mount Singleton in the Eastern Highlands northeast of Melbourne in Fraser National Park, ...
Gould, Benjamin Apthorp
American astronomer whose star catalogs helped fix the list of constellations of the Southern Hemisphere.