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Gagnoa ... Galiwinku

Gagnoa: town, southern Cote d'Ivoire. It is the chief collecting point for a forest region that sends coffee, cocoa, and timber (sipo and mahogany) to the coast for export and is ...
Gahadavala Dynasty: one of the many ruling families of North India on the eve of the Muslim conquests in the 12th-13th century. Its history, ranging between the second half of the 11th ...
Gahanbar: in Zoroastrianism, any of six festivals, occurring at irregular intervals throughout the year, which celebrate the seasons and possibly the six stages in the creation of the world (the heavens, ...
Gahn, Johan Gottlieb: Swedish mineralogist and crystallographer who discovered manganese in 1774. His failure to win fame may be related to the fact that he published little. He saved the notes, papers, and ...
gahnite: the mineral zinc aluminum oxide, a member of the spinel (q.v.) series.
gai saber: the art of composing love poetry; especially the art of the Provencal troubadours as set forth in a 14th-century work called the Leys d'amors. The Old Provencal phrase gai saber ...
Gailhard, John: English author of an educational treatise on proper training for the English nobility that is noteworthy for its insights into the educational goals and techniques of the 17th-century English upper ...
Gaillard, Chateau: (French: "Saucy Castle"), 12th-century castle built by Richard the Lion-Heart on the Andelys cliff overlooking the Seine River in France; substantial portions of it still stand. Chateau Gaillard, the strongest ...
Gaillardia: genus of leafy, branching herbs of the family Asteraceae, native to North America. Several summer-blooming species are cultivated as garden ornamentals, especially blanketflower (G. aristata) and annual blanketflower (G. pulchella; ...
Gaines's Mill, Battle of: in the American Civil War, one of the Seven Days' Battles, which ended the Peninsular Campaign. See Cold Harbor, battles of.
Gaines, Ernest J.: American writer whose fiction, as exemplified by The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman (1971), his most acclaimed work, reflects African-American experience and the oral tradition of his rural Louisiana childhood.
Gaines, William Maxwell: American publisher who launched Mad magazine (1952), an irreverent monthly with humorous illustrations and writing that satirized mass media, politicians, celebrities, and comic books.
Gainesville: city, seat (1823) of Hall county, northeastern Georgia, U.S., about 50 miles (80 km) northeast of Atlanta. It is located along Lake Sidney Lanier (which is impounded by Buford Dam ...
Gainesville: city, seat (1853) of Alachua county, north-central Florida, U.S., about 70 miles (115 km) southwest of Jacksonville. The Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto marched through the area in 1539, and ...
Gainsborough: (foaled 1915), English racehorse (Thoroughbred) who won the British Triple Crown, consisting of the Two Thousand Guineas at Newmarket, the Derby at Epsom Downs, and the Saint Leger at Doncaster ...
Gainsborough: town, West Lindsey district, administrative and historic county of Lincolnshire, England. It stands on the River Trent, bordering Nottinghamshire. Gainsborough's early importance as a Saxon settlement was augmented when it ...
Gainsborough chair: type of English armchair made in the mid-18th century. A wide chair with a high back, it was normally upholstered in leather. The sides are open, and the short, upholstered ...
Gainsborough, Thomas: portrait and landscape painter, the most versatile English painter of the 18th century. Some of his early portraits show the sitters grouped in a landscape ("Mr. and Mrs. Andrews," c. ...
Gainza Paz, Alberto: editor of the influential Buenos Aires daily La Prensa whose opposition to dictator Juan Peron led to the newspaper's confiscation by the government, 1951-55.
Gairdner, Lake: largest of a group of shallow depressions west of Lake Torrens in central South Australia, 240 mi northwest of Adelaide. It measures 100 mi (160 km) long by 30 mi ...
Gaiseric: also spelled Genseric king of the Vandals and the Alani (428-477) who conquered a large part of Roman Africa and in 455 sacked Rome.
Gaitan, Jorge Eliecer: political leader who was considered a champion of the Colombian people and was revered as a martyr after his assassination.
Gaitskell, Hugh: British statesman, leader of the British Labour Party from December 1955 until his sudden death at the height of his influence.
Gaius: Roman jurist whose writings became authoritative in the late Roman Empire. The Law of Citations (426), issued by the eastern Roman emperor Theodosius II, named Gaius one of five jurists ...
Gaius, Saint: pope from 283 (possibly December 17) to 296. Nothing about him is known with certainty. Supposedly a relative of the Roman emperor Diocletian, he conducted his pontificate at a period ...
Gajah Mada: prime minister of the Majapahit Empire and a national hero in Indonesia. He is believed to have unified the entire archipelago. The principal poet of the era, Prapanca, eulogized Gajah ...
Gajdusek, D. Carleton: American physician and medical researcher, corecipient (with Baruch S. Blumberg) of the 1976 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his research on the causal agents of various degenerative neurological ...
gal: unit of acceleration, named in honour of the Italian physicist and astronomer Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) and used especially in measurements of gravity. One gal equals a change in rate of ...
Gal Oya: river, eastern Sri Lanka. It rises in the hill country east of Badulla and flows north and east past Inginiyagala to the Indian Ocean 10 miles (16 km) south of ...
galactic cluster: in astronomy, any group of young stars held together by mutual gravitation (see star cluster).
galactic coordinate: in astronomy, galactic latitude or longitude. The two coordinates constitute a useful means of locating the relative positions and motions of components of the Milky Way Galaxy. Galactic latitude is ...
galactic halo: in astronomy, nearly spherical volume of thinly scattered stars, globular clusters of stars, and tenuous gas observed surrounding spiral galaxies, including the Milky Way-the galaxy in which the Earth is ...
galactorrhea: excessive flow of milk from the breast, or lactation that is not associated with childbirth or nursing. The abnormal production of milk in women is usually due to excessive levels ...
galactose: a member of a group of carbohydrates known as simple sugars (monosaccharides). It is usually found in nature combined with other sugars, as, for example, in lactose (milk sugar). Galactose ...
galactose tolerance test: procedure assessing liver function. The healthy liver is able to convert galactose, one type of sugar, to glucose, the major sugar in the body. In persons with liver disease, this ...
galactosemia: a hereditary defect in the metabolism of the sugar galactose, which is a constituent of lactose, the main carbohydrate of milk. Infants with this condition appear normal at birth, but, ...
Galahad: the pure knight in Arthurian romance, son of Lancelot du Lac and Elaine (daughter of Pelles), who achieved the vision of God through the Holy Grail. In the first romance ...
Galamian, Ivan: Persian-born violinist and teacher who stressed attention to technical detail and mental control in his training of such virtuoso violinists as Itzhak Perlman.
Galapagos finch: distinctive group of birds whose radiation into several ecological niches in the competition-free isolation of the Galapagos Islands and on Cocos Island gave the English naturalist Charles Darwin evidence for ...
Galapagos Islands: island group of the eastern Pacific Ocean, administratively a province of Ecuador. The Galapagos consist of 13 major islands (ranging in area from 5.4 to 1,771 square miles [14 to ...
Galashiels: town, Scottish Borders council area, southeastern Scotland. It is on Gala Water near its junction with the River Tweed, 33 miles (53 km) south-southeast of Edinburgh. The part of the ...
Galati: judet (county), eastern Romania, bounded on the east by Moldova. The county is bordered in the east by the Prut River and in the south and west by the Siret ...
Galati: city, capital of Galati judet (county), southeastern Romania. An inland port about 120 miles (190 km) northeast of Bucharest, it is situated on an eminence among the marshes at the ...
Galatia: ancient district in central Anatolia that was occupied early in the 3rd century BC by Celtic tribes, whose bands of marauders created havoc among neighbouring Hellenistic states. Invited from Europe ...
Galatians, The Letter of Paul to the: New Testament writing addressed to Christian churches (exact location uncertain) that were disturbed by a Judaizing faction within the early Christian church. The members of this faction taught that Christian ...
galaxy: any of the systems of stars and interstellar matter that make up the Cosmos. Many such assemblages are so enormous that they contain hundreds of billions of stars.
Galba: Roman emperor for seven months (AD 68-69). His administration was priggishly upright, though his advisers were allegedly corrupt.
Galbraith, John Kenneth: Canadian-born American economist and public servant known for his support of public spending and for the literary quality of his writing on public affairs.
Galdho Peak: highest mountain peak of Norway and the Scandinavian Peninsula. It lies in the Jotunheim Mountains, western Oppland fylke (county), south-central Norway, and rises to 8,100 feet (2,469 ...
gale: air current that is stronger than a breeze; specifically a current of 28-55 knots (50-102 kilometres per hour), corresponding to force numbers 7 to 10 on the Beaufort scale (q.v.).
Gale, Richard Nelson: British army officer who commanded the British airborne troops employed in northwestern Europe during World War II.
Gale, Zona: American novelist and playwright whose Miss Lulu Bett (1920) established her as a realistic chronicler of Midwestern village life.
Galen Of Pergamum: Greek physician, writer, and philosopher who exercised a dominant influence on medical theory and practice in Europe from the Middle Ages until the mid-17th century. His authority in the Byzantine ...
Galen, Clemens August, Graf von: Roman Catholic bishop of Munster, Germany, who was noted for his public opposition to Nazism.
galena: a gray lead sulfide (PbS), the chief ore mineral of lead. One of the most widely distributed sulfide minerals, it occurs in many different types of deposits, often in metalliferous ...
Galena: city, seat (1827) of Jo Daviess county, northwestern Illinois, U.S. It lies along the Galena River (originally called Fever River), 4 miles (6 km) east of the Mississippi River and ...
Galerius: Roman emperor from 305 to 311, notorious for his persecution of Christians.
Galesburg: city, seat (1873) of Knox county, western Illinois, U.S. It lies about 50 miles (80 km) northwest of Peoria. George Washington Gale, a Presbyterian minister for whom the city is ...
Galgodon Highlands: region of broken mountain terrain, northern Somalia, eastern Africa. It lies parallel to the Gulf of Aden south of the "burnt" Guban coastal plain, and extends from the Ethiopian border ...
Galiani, Ferdinando: Italian economist whose studies in value theory anticipated much later work.
Galib Dede: also called Seyh Galib, pseudonyms of Mehmed Es' Ad Turkish poet, one of the last great classical poets of Ottoman literature.
Galicia: historic region of eastern Europe that was a part of Poland before Austria annexed it in 1772; in the 20th century it was restored to Poland but was later divided ...
Galicia: comunidad autonoma ("autonomous community") and historic region of Spain encompassing the northwestern Spanish provincias of Lugo, A Coruna, Pontevedra, and Ourense. The
Galician language: Romance language with many similarities to the Portuguese language. It is spoken by some 4 million people, mostly in the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain-where almost 90 percent of the ...
Galilean telescope: instrument for viewing distant objects, named after the great Italian scientist Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), who first constructed one in 1609. With it, he discovered Jupiter's four largest satellites, spots on ...
Galilean transformations: set of equations in classical physics that relate the space and time coordinates of two systems moving at a constant velocity relative to each other. Adequate to describe phenomena at ...
Galilee: northernmost region of ancient Palestine, corresponding to modern northern Israel. Its biblical boundaries are indistinct; conflicting readings leave clear only that it was part of the territory of the northern ...
galilee: type of porch (q.v.) that was developed during the Gothic period.
Galilee, Sea of: lake in Israel through which the Jordan River flows. From 1948 to 1967 it was bordered immediately to the northeast by the cease-fire line with Syria. It is famous for ...
Galilei, Vincenzo: father of the astronomer Galileo and a leader of the Florentine Camerata, a group of musical and literary amateurs who sought to revive the monodic (single melody) singing style of ...
Galileo: Italian natural philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician who made fundamental contributions to the sciences of motion, astronomy, and strength of materials and to the development of the scientific method. His formulation ...
Galileo: in space exploration, robotic U.S. spacecraft launched to Jupiter for extended orbital study of the planet, its magnetic field, and its moons. Galileo was a follow-on to the much briefer ...
Galili, Yisrael: Russian-born political commander of the Haganah, Israeli's preindependence defense force.
Galinthias: in Greek mythology, a friend, or servant, of Alcmene, who bore Zeus's son Heracles (Hercules). While Alcmene was in labour, Zeus's jealous wife, Hera, goddess of childbirth, was clasping her ...
Galitzen, Michael Riley: American diver who won four Olympic medals.
Galiwinku: island in the Arafura Sea, 2 miles (3 km) across Cadell Strait from Napier Peninsula, a part of Northern Territory, Australia, and of the Arnhem Land Aboriginal Reserve. It is ...