town and shire, southern Queensland, Australia. It lies along Lockyer Creek, about 58 miles (93 km) west of Brisbane. Probably named after Gattonside near Roxburgh in the Borders region, Scotland, ...
(from the article "Post, Wiley") Post, accompanied by navigator Harold Gatty, made his first around-the-world flight from June 23 to July 1, 1931, in a Lockheed Vega named Winnie Mae (now part of the Smithsonian ...
(from the article "Chagres River") ...power. Below the dam it continues southwest to Gamboa, where it joins the Panama Canal at the north end of the Gaillard Cut. Its course then turns northward through Gatun ...
long artificial lake in Panama, constituting part of the Panama Canal system; its area is 166 square miles (430 square km). It was formed by damming the Chagres River and ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "Panama Canal") ...to one of its lowest points. The canal does not, as is generally supposed, cross the isthmus from east to west. It runs due south from its entrance at Colon ...
(from the article "Low Countries, history of") ...ones (Herstal, Meerssen, Nijmegen, Aix-la-Chapelle) and where they also possessed extensive crown estates. Their authority (bannus) was delegated to counts who had control of counties, or gauen (pagi), some of ...
rare inherited metabolic disorder characterized by anemia, mental and neurologic impairment, yellowish pigmentation of the skin, enlargement of the spleen, and bone deterioration resulting in pathological fractures. Gaucher disease was ... [2 Related Articles]
Canadian abstract artist (b. Jan. 3, 1934, Montreal, Que.-d. Sept. 8, 2000, Montreal), was a painter, printmaker, and collagist who was best known for creating massive monochromatic paintings, many of ...
(French: "Coalition of the Left"), in the French Third Republic (1870-1940), a coalition of left-wing parties in the Chamber of Deputies (lower house of the legislature). It governed France from ... [3 Related Articles]
the nomadic and colourful horseman and cowhand of the Argentine and Uruguayan Pampas (grasslands), who flourished from the mid-18th to the mid-19th century and has remained a folk hero similar ... [7 Related Articles]
(from the article "Fashions") ...by every major fashion brand; they included the feminine boxy Robert by Marc Jacobs, the half-circle Muse by Yves Saint Laurent, and a brown leather Dior shoulder bag called the ...
Spanish American poetic genre that imitates the payadas ("ballads") traditionally sung to guitar accompaniment by the wandering gaucho minstrels of Argentina and Uruguay. By extension, the term ... [7 Related Articles]
(from the article "matador") ...Cossio, the bullfighters' Boswell-is in 1654. An etching by Francisco Goya depicts the "manly courage" of La Pajuelera as she performed in the Zaragoza (Spain) arena. Even a nun, Dona ...
a city, a country, and a literary style in ancient India. The city is better-known under its Anglicized form, Gaur. Its first recorded reference is by the grammarian Panini (5th ...
(from the article "Gauda") From early times the inhabitants of Gauda were known as seafarers. In literature, the poetic style Gauda or Gaudi, also known as Pracya (eastern), is described by Dandin in his ...
(from the article "Indian philosophy") ...person). There are, however, pre-Sankara monistic interpreters of the scriptures, three of whom are important: Bhartrhari, Mandana (both mentioned earlier), and Gaudapada. Sankara referred to Gaudapada as the teacher of ...
(from the article "Literature") One of the most refreshing developments in French novels of 2006 was the new openness to Africa that marked many best sellers. In Eldorado, Laurent Gaude, winner of the 2004 ...
Catalan architect, whose distinctive style is characterized by freedom of form, voluptuous colour and texture, and organic unity. Gaudi worked almost entirely in or near Barcelona. Much of his career ... [8 Related Articles]
French artist who was one of the earliest abstract sculptors and an exponent of the Vorticist movement; he was instrumental in introducing modern art to England during the early years ...
French fencer. One of the great classical fencers of the 20th century, Gaudin was once described as "poetry in motion" for his seemingly effortless control of his blade through "finger ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "1936: Other Winners") Screenplay: Pierre Collings and Sheridan Gibney for The Story of Louis PasteurOriginal Story: Pierre Collings and Sheridan Gibney for The Story of Louis PasteurCinematography: Gaetano Gaudio for Anthony AdverseArt Direction: ...
(from the article "Tennis") ...11 championships in 1985. Federer also became only the fourth man to have collected three Grand Slam championships in a single year since "open" tennis commenced in 1968. Argentina's Gaston ...
(Oct. 1, 331 BC) clash between the forces of Alexander the Great of Macedonia and Darius III of Persia that decided the fate of the Persian empire. Attempting to stop ... [5 Related Articles]
in manufacturing and engineering, a device used to determine, either directly or indirectly, whether a dimension is larger or smaller than another dimension that is used as a reference standard. ...
in railroad transportation, the width between the inside faces of running rails. Because the cost of construction and operation of a rail line is greater or less depending on the ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "subatomic particle") In addition to the Higgs particle, or particles, electroweak theory also predicts the existence of an electrically neutral carrier for the weak force. This neutral carrier, called the Z0, should ...
(from the article "gauge theory") ...wave fields. In a gauge theory there is a group of transformations of the field variables (gauge transformations) that leaves the basic physics of the quantum field unchanged. This condition, ...
(from the article "materials testing") ...set of grips to grasp the test piece. In the static tension test, the test machine uniformly stretches a small part (the test section) of the test piece. The length ...
(from the article "pressure gauge") The reading on a gauge, which is the difference between two pressures, is known as the gauge pressure. If the lower of the pressures is the pressure of the atmosphere, ...
(from the article "subatomic particle") ...that the force varies in strength and direction around the magnet. The appropriate fields for the four basic forces appear to have an important property in common: they all exhibit ...
class of quantum field theory, a mathematical theory involving both quantum mechanics and Einstein's special theory of relativity that is commonly used to describe subatomic particles and their associated wave ... [7 Related Articles]
(from the article "gauge theory") ...special theory of relativity that is commonly used to describe subatomic particles and their associated wave fields. In a gauge theory there is a group of transformations of the field ...
site on a stream, canal, lake, or reservoir where systematic observations of gauge height (water level) or discharge are obtained. From the continuous records obtained at these stations, hydrologists make ...
American fencing master. He was one of the most prominent and respected students of the great Italian fencer Aldo Nadi. In 1979 Gaugler established a fencing master's training program at ...
French painter, printmaker, and sculptor who sought to achieve a "primitive" expression of spiritual and emotional states in his work. The artist, whose work has been categorized as Post-Impressionist, Synthetist, ... [14 Related Articles]
(from the article "France") ...isolated area west of the Pyrenees in both Spain and France, who speak a language unrelated to other European languages, and whose origin remains unclear. The Celtic tribes, known to ...
the region inhabited by the ancient Gauls, comprising modern-day France and parts of Belgium, western Germany, and northern Italy. A Celtic race, the Gauls lived in an agricultural society divided ... [18 Related Articles]
Luxembourgian cyclist (b. Dec. 8, 1932, Luxembourg-d. Dec. 6, 2005, Luxembourg), was one of international cycling's greatest climbing specialists; in 1990, long after his retirement, he was named Luxembourg's Sportsman ...
(from the article "Fuhrer") ...Heinrich Himmler, head of the unified police system. Also directly responsible to (and selected by) the Fuhrer were many territorial leaders (43 in greater Germany) known as Gauleiter ("district leaders"). ...
ancient Celtic language or languages spoken in western and central Europe and Asia Minor before about 500. Gaulish is attested by inscriptions from France and northern Italy and by names ... [2 Related Articles]
French food critic (b. Nov. 4, 1929, Pacy-sur-Eure, France-d. July 9, 2000, Saint-Sulpice-en-Pareds, France), collaborated with Christian Millau on the Guide Gault-Millau, an annual restaurant guide founded ...
genus of 235 species of upright or prostrate evergreen shrubs, of the heath family (Ericaceae), occurring in North and South America, Asia, Malesia, Australia, and New Zealand. The plants are ...
(from the article "Squash") ...(PSA) world number one status for the full year (despite having his younger countryman Ramy Ashour breathing down his neck) but also won his third PSA World Open title, defeating ...
(from the article "Darius I") ...Cyrus, who had usurped the throne the previous March. In the Bisitun inscription Darius defended this deed and his own assumption of kingship on the grounds that the usurper was ...
(from the article "Guy-Blache, Alice") ...(Many historians support Guy's claim that her fairy tale preceded the story films of Georges Melies, but a few date her film to as late as 1900.) She soon thereafter ...
(from the article "motion picture, history of the") Pathe's only serious rival on the Continent at this time was Gaumont Pictures, founded by the engineer-inventor Leon Gaumont in 1895. Though never more than one-fourth the size of Pathe, ...
(from the article "Ganges River") ...level in an ice cave at the foot of the Himalayan glacier known as Gangotri. Gangotri itself is a sacred place for Hindu pilgrimage. The true source of the Ganges, ...
(from the article "Mindon") ...further trouble, he signed a commercial treaty in 1867 that gave the British generous economic concessions in the unoccupied parts of Myanmar. In 1872 he sent his chief minister, the ...
Benedictine monk of the Marmoutier Abbey near Tours, France, who opposed St. Anselm of Canterbury's ontological argument for God's existence. [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "military technology") By the early 13th century European amourers had learned to make mail with a sufficiently fine mesh to provide protection to the hand. At first this was in the form ...
(Bos gaurus), one of several species of wild cattle, family Bovidae (order Artiodactyla). The gaur lives in small herds in the mountain forests of India, Southeast Asia, and the Malay ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "Sheopur") town, northwestern Madhya Pradesh state, central India. The town and fort were founded in 1537 by Gaur Rajputs (a warrior caste) and served as capital of the former Sheopur princely ...
(from the article "Godarpura") ...mostly of the 14th and 18th centuries. The Omkar temple, on an island in the river, contains one of the 12 great Siva (Shiva) phallic symbols, or lingas; another linga ...
(from the article "Bhind") ...and brassware manufacture are the major industries. It was the seat of the Bhadwriya Cauhan Rajputs until it fell in the 18th century. The town has an old fort on ...
(from the article "Assam") Conflict among the princes gradually weakened the central administration until 1786, when the ruling prince, Gaurinath Singh, sought aid from Calcutta (Kolkata), which by that time had become the capital ...
(from the article "competitive exclusion, principle of") (after G.F. Gause, a Soviet biologist, and J. Grinnell, an American naturalist, who first clearly established it), statement that in competition between species that seek the same ecological niche, one ...
unit of magnetic induction in the centimetre-gram-second system of physical units. One gauss corresponds to the magnetic flux density that will induce an electromotive force of one abvolt (10-8 volt) ... [3 Related Articles]
in linear and multilinear algebra, a process for finding the solutions of a system of simultaneous linear equations by first solving one of the equations for one variable (in terms ... [1 Related Articles]
either of two statements describing electric and magnetic fluxes. Gauss's law for electricity states that the electric flux across any closed surface is proportional to the net electric charge enclosed ... [1 Related Articles]
German mathematician, generally regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of all time for his contributions to number theory, geometry, probability theory, geodesy, planetary astronomy, the theory of functions, and ... [36 Related Articles]
(from the article "Drygalski, Erich Dagobert von") ...government, Drygalski's party landed on Antarctica at about 90° E, in the area now known as Wilhelm II Coast. Trapped in the pack ice, they were forced to winter about ...
(from the article "Pople, Sir John A.") ...the development in the 1960s of increasingly powerful computers that could perform such calculations opened up new opportunities in the field. In the late 1960s Pople designed a computer program, ...
(from the article "nature, philosophy of") ...of surfaces created by the 18th- and 19th-century German mathematician and astronomer Carl Friedrich Gauss, often called the founder of modern mathematics, a theory that aimed to investigate the curved ...
(from the article "algebra") ...led to the factorization properties of numbers of the type a + Ib (a and b integers and I = −1), sometimes called Gaussian integers. In doing so, Gauss not only used complex numbers ...
(from the article "Indian philosophy") The logical period of Indian thought began with the Kusanas (1st-2nd centuries). Gautama (author of the Nyaya-sutras; probably flourished at the beginning of the Christian Era) and his 5th-century commentator ...
(from the article "Satavahana Dynasty") ...first stage of this conflict is represented by Ksatrapa Nahapana's penetration into the Nasik and other areas of the western Deccan. Satavahana power was revived by Gautamiputra Satakarni (reigned c. ...
province, northeastern South Africa. It consists of the cities of Pretoria, Johannesburg, Germiston, and Vereeniging and their surrounding metropolitan areas in the eastern part of the Witwatersrand region. Gauteng is ... [1 Related Articles]
French engineer, best known for his construction of the Charolais Canal, or Canal du Centre, which united the Loire and Saone rivers in France, thus providing a water route from ...
author of early French romances. He lacked the skill and profundity of his contemporary Chretien de Troyes, but his work, emphasizing human action and its psychological foundations, exercised an important ...
(from the article "French literature") ...par personnages ("Miracles of Our Lady with Dramatic Characters"), a collection of 40 miracles, partly based on a nondramatic compilation by Gautier de Coincy. These
French poet and priest who is usually credited with the authorship of a treatise about the universe, L'Image du monde (c. 1246; "The Mirror of the World"; also called Mappemonde), ...
literary historian who revived an interest in early French literature with his translation and critical discussion of the Chanson de Roland (1872) and with his research on the chansons de ... [1 Related Articles]
poet, novelist, critic, and journalist whose influence was strongly felt in the period of changing sensibilities in French literature-from the early Romantic period to the aestheticism and naturalism of the ... [6 Related Articles]
(from the article "Canadian literature") ...Cracks), and Jacques Brault's Agonie (1984; Death-Watch) all have elements of fictional diaries. Reworking Montesquieu's Persian Letters (1721), Lise Gauvin used in Lettres d'une autre (1984; Letters from an Other) ...
(from the article "Canadian literature") ...of artists known as Les Automatistes, repudiated Quebec's Jansenist past in the revolutionary manifesto Refus global (1948; Total Refusal). Poet and playwright Claude Gauvreau, one of the ...
light, open-weave fabric made of cotton when used for surgical dressings and of silk and other fibres when used for dress trimming. The name is derived from that of the ...
(from the article "textile") Gauze weaving is an open weave made by twisting adjacent warps together. It is usually made by the leno, or doup, weaving process, in which a doup attachment, a thin ...
French lithographer and painter whose work is enjoyable for its polished wit, cultured observation, and the panorama it presents of the life of his time. However, his work lacks the ... [1 Related Articles]
mountain village and valley on the approach to the natural amphitheatre known as the Cirque de Gavarnie, in Hautes-Pyrenees departement, Midi-Pyrenees region, southwestern France. Gavarnie lies in the central Pyrenees, ...
Italian composer and conductor who was best known for his nearly 50 years of conducting opera at La Scala in Milan (b. July 25, 1909--d. Feb. 5, 1996).
reformer in church and politics during the Risorgimento (Italian unification) who inveighed against the neglect of social problems and Italian unity by the papacy.
favourite of the English king Edward II. The king's inordinate love for him made him rapacious and arrogant and led to his murder by jealous barons. [3 Related Articles]
(Gavialis gangeticus), an exceptionally long and narrow-snouted crocodilian classified as the sole species in the separate family Gavialidae (order Crocodilia). The gavial inhabits the rivers of northern India and Nepal. ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "crocodile") 3 genera and 14 species; teeth of upper and lower jaws form one interdigitating row when mouth is closed.1 genus and 1 species; extremely long snout, more than ...
(from the article "loon") any of five species of diving birds constituting the genus Gavia, family Gaviidae. Loons were formerly included, along with the grebes, to which they bear a superficial resemblance, in the ...
(from the article "bird") ...and stout; stance upright; feathers short and dense, molted in patches; length 35-115 cm (14-45 inches); fossil forms to 180 cm (71 inches).5 species in 1 family of ...
(from the article "Colombia") ...policies. Despite threats of terrorism, however, about half of the population voted in the peaceful May election, which was won by former finance minister and hard-line anti-drug candidate Cesar Gaviria ...
town and port, capital of Gavleborg lan (county), east-central Sweden, on an inlet of the Gulf of Bothnia, northwest of Stockholm. Although first mentioned in documents in the 8th century, ... [1 Related Articles]
lan (county), east-central Sweden, on the shores of the Gulf of Bothnia. It is composed of the traditional landskap (province) of Gastrikland, most of ...
lively peasants' kissing dance that became fashionable at the 17th- and 18th-century courts of France and England. Supposedly originated by the natives of Gap (Gavots) in the southeastern French province ...
(from the article "art and architecture, Anatolian") ...in the protective embrace of a god is hardly less impressive than the symbolism of a huge dagger thrust into the rock before him. The rock reliefs of this period ...
(from the article "Malaysia") The states have their own holidays. Sarawak, for instance, celebrates Gawai Dayak ("Dayak Festival"). Rooted in the harvest rituals and festivities (gawai) of the Iban and Bidayuh ...
hero of Arthurian legend and romance. A nephew and loyal supporter of King Arthur, Gawain appeared in the earliest Arthurian literature as a model of knightly perfection, against whom all ... [1 Related Articles]
