| | - faro
- one of the oldest gambling games played with cards, supposedly named from the picture of a pharaoh on certain French playing cards. A favourite of highborn gamblers throughout Europe well ... [1 Related Articles]
- Faroe Islands
- group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean between Iceland and the Shetland Islands. They form a self-governing region within the kingdom of Denmark. There are 17 inhabited islands and ... [11 Related Articles]
- Faroese language
- language spoken in the Faroe Islands by some 48,000 inhabitants. Faroese belongs to the West Scandinavian group of the North Germanic languages. It preserves more characteristics of Old Norse than ... [2 Related Articles]
- Faroese literature
- the body of writings produced by inhabitants of the Faroe Islands in the Faroese and the Danish languages.
- Farooqui, Amjad Hussain
- (from the article "Pakistan") ...in Iraq. In August the government reported that it had foiled a terrorist plot to kill Musharraf and bomb the parliament and the U.S. embassy. On September 28 the government ...
- Farouk I
- king of Egypt from 1936 to 1952. Although initially quite popular, the internal rivalries of his administration and his alienation of the military-coupled with his increasing excesses and eccentricities-led to ... [2 Related Articles]
- Farquhar, George
- Irish playwright of real comic power who wrote for the English stage at the beginning of the 18th century. He stood out from his contemporaries for originality of dialogue and ...
- Farquhar, Sir Robert
- (from the article "Madagascar") Andrianampoinimerina's son, Radama I (1810-28), allied himself with the British governor of the nearby island of Mauritius, Sir Robert Farquhar. In order to prevent reoccupation of the east coast by ...
- Farragut, David
- U.S. admiral who achieved fame for his outstanding Union naval victories during the American Civil War (1861-65). [6 Related Articles]
- Farrakhan, Louis
- African American leader (1978-2007) of the Nation of Islam, an African American movement that combined elements of Islam with black nationalism. [2 Related Articles]
- Farrant, Richard
- English composer, choirmaster, and theatrical producer, who established the original Blackfriars Theatre, home to the outstanding children's companies of the Elizabethan era.
- Farrar, Frederic William
- popular English religious writer and author of a sentimental novel of school life, Eric; or, Little by Little (1858).
- Farrar, Geraldine
- American soprano, known for her beauty and dramatic talent and the intimate timbre of her voice.
- Farrar, Margaret Petherbridge
- American editor whose enormously popular series of crossword puzzle books capitalized on the nascent American passion for those diversions.
- Farrell, Edelmiro J.
- (from the article "Peron, Juan") ...under the influence of Peron, who had shrewdly requested for himself only the minor post of secretary of labour and social welfare. In 1944, however, as a protege of Pres. ...
- Farrell, Eileen
- American soprano who achieved success in both operatic and popular music. [1 Related Articles]
- Farrell, J. G.
- (from the article "English literature") ...of the British in India; he followed it with Staying On (1977), a poignant comedy about those who remained after independence. Three half-satiric, half-elegiac novels by J.G. ...
- Farrell, James T.
- American novelist and short-story writer known for his realistic portraits of the lower-middle-class Irish in Chicago, drawn from his own experiences. [2 Related Articles]
- Farrell, Suzanne
- American dancer especially known for her performances with the New York City Ballet. [1 Related Articles]
- Farrer, William James
- British-born Australian agricultural researcher who developed several varieties of drought- and rust-resistant wheat that made possible a great expansion of Australia's wheat belt.
- farrier
- (from the article "blacksmith") The blacksmith's most frequent occupation, however, was farriery. In horseshoeing, the blacksmith first cleans and shapes the sole and rim of the horse's hoof with rasps and knives, a process ...
- Farrokhi
- (from the article "Islamic arts") ...of Greek origin) and the Shah-nameh ("Book of Kings"). A number of gifted poets praised Mahmud, his successors, and his ministers. Among them was Farrokhi of Seistan (died 1037), who ...
- Farrokhzad, Forugh
- (from the article "Islamic arts") Almost the same situation developed in Iran. One notable poet was Forugh Farrokhzad, who wrote powerful yet very feminine poetry. Her free verses, interpreting the insecurities of the age, are ...
- Farrow, John
- (from the article "1956: Other Winners") Original Screenplay: Albert Lamorisse for The Red BalloonMotion Picture Story: Dalton Trumbo (aka Robert Rich) for The Brave OneAdapted Screenplay: James Poe, John Farrow, S.J. Perelman for Around the world ...
- Farrow, Mia
- (from the article "Allen, Woody") ...of parody, slapstick, and the absurd. He was also known as a sympathetic director for women, writing strong and well-defined characters for them. Among his featured performers were Diane Keaton ...
- farrow-to-feeder operation
- (from the article "livestock farming") Farrow-to-feeder operations have the highest labour requirements, and many producers specialize in this part of the production cycle. It includes the management of the breeding herd, gestating sows, and piglets ...
- farrow-to-finish operation
- (from the article "livestock farming") ...pig's life cycle: birth, weaning, growth, finishing, and market. The three common operations are farrow-to-finish, farrow-to-feeder, and feeder-to-market. Farrowing refers to a sow giving birth. The farrow-to-finish operation is the ...
- farrowing stall
- (from the article "hog house") ...12 sows or more, usually have concrete floors, smooth walls, and insulation. They may be air-conditioned or ventilated and may be heated with unit heaters, underfloor hot-water pipes, or heat ...
- Farrukh Beg
- outstanding Mughal painter, praised by the Indian Mughal emperor Jahangir as "unrivaled in the age."
- Farrukh-Siyar
- (from the article "India") Farrukh-Siyar (ruled 1713-19) owed his victory and accession to the Sayyid brothers, 'Abd Allah Khan and Husayn 'Ali Khan Baraha. The Sayyids thus earned the offices of vizier and chief ...
- Farrukhabad
- (from the article "Farrukhabad-cum-Fatehgarh") municipality, central Uttar Pradesh state, northern India, just west of the Ganges River. The two cities form a joint municipality. Farrukhabad was founded in 1714 by Muhammad Khan Bangash, an ...
- Farrukhabad-cum-Fatehgarh
- municipality, central Uttar Pradesh state, northern India, just west of the Ganges River. The two cities form a joint municipality. Farrukhabad was founded in 1714 by Muhammad Khan Bangash, an ...
- Fars
- geographic region, south-central Iran. The ancient region, known as Pars, or Persis (q.v.), was the heart of the Achaemenian empire (559-330 BC), which was founded by Cyrus the Great and ...
- Farsy, Muhammed Saleh
- (from the article "Swahili literature") ...poet, novelist, and essayist gained wide circulation in the 1940s, '50s, and '60s and are held in high esteem in East Africa today. Two other important writers from this period ...
- farthingale
- underskirt expanded by a series of circular hoops that increase in diameter from the waist down to the hem and are sewn into the underskirt to make it rigid. The ... [2 Related Articles]
- farthingale chair
- armless chair with a wide seat covered in high-quality fabric and fitted with a cushion; the backrest is an upholstered panel, and the legs are straight and rectangular in section. ... [2 Related Articles]
- Fartlek
- (Swedish: "Speed Play"), approach to distance-running training involving variations of pace from walking to sprinting aimed at eliminating boredom and enhancing the psychological aspects of conditioning. It was popularized by ... [1 Related Articles]
- Fas
- (from the article "immune system") ...contents to leak out and the cell to die (see illustration). The nongranular cytotoxic T cells often kill cells by inducing apoptosis, usually through the activation of a cell-surface protein ...
- fas
- (from the article "Egypt") ...or djellabas (gallabiyyahs), tucked up around the waist, can be seen working the land with age-old implements such as the fas (hoe) and
- fasces
- (plural form of Latin fascis: "bundle") in ancient Rome, insignia of official authority. It was carried by the lictors, or attendants, and was characterized by an ax ... [1 Related Articles]
- Fasching
- the Roman Catholic Shrovetide carnival as celebrated in German-speaking countries. There are many regional differences concerning the name, duration, and activities of the carnival. It is known as Fasching in ... [2 Related Articles]
- fasci di combattimento
- (from the article "Italy") ...and former pro-war agitators. D'Annunzio in Fiume led one such movement, but the ex-Socialist journalist Benito Mussolini soon became even more prominent, founding his fasci di combattimento ...
- fascia
- (from the article "malformation") This condition is best placed in that category of teratological abnormalities known as monstrosities. Fasciation is a term that has been used to describe a series of abnormal growth phenomena ...
- fascia
- (from the article "molding") (1) The fascia, face, or band is a continuous member with a flat surface, parallel to the surface that it ornaments and either projecting from or slightly receding into it. ...
- fascicle
- (from the article "angiosperm") ...stamens. In other cases, stamens have been modified into sterile nectaries involved in pollination. If flowers have a large number of stamens, then the stamens often occur in groups or ...
- fascicular cambium
- (from the article "angiosperm") ...each other and unite. Each vascular bundle develops a meristematic area of growth from an undifferentiated (parenchymatous) layer of cells between the primary xylem and primary phloem, called a fascicular ...
- fasciculation
- (from the article "muscle disease") The twitching of muscle fibres controlled by a single motor nerve cell, called fasciculation, may occur in a healthy person, but it usually indicates that the muscular atrophy is due ...
- fascination
- (from the article "hallucination") ...trance. Under these conditions such dissociative phenomena as "highway hypnosis" among drivers of motor vehicles may occur. Similar phenomena that occur among aviators have been called fascination or fixation. During ...
- fascio siciliano
- any of the organizations of workers and peasants founded in Sicily in the early 1890s, reflecting the growing social awareness of the lower classes. [1 Related Articles]
- fascioliasis
- infection of humans and grass-grazing animals, caused by the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica, a small parasitic flatworm that lives in the bile ducts and causes a condition ...
- fasciolopsiasis
- infection of humans and swine by the trematode Fasciolopsis buski, a parasitic worm. The adult worms, 2-7.5 cm (0.8-3 inches) long, attach themselves to the tissues of the small intestine ...
- Fasciolopsis buski
- (from the article "fasciolopsiasis") infection of humans and swine by the trematode Fasciolopsis buski, a parasitic worm. The adult worms, 2-7.5 cm (0.8-3 inches) long, attach themselves to the tissues of the small intestine ...
- fascism
- political ideology and mass movement that dominated many parts of central, southern, and eastern Europe between 1919 and 1945 and that also had adherents in western Europe, the United States, ... [28 Related Articles]
- Fascist Grand Council
- (from the article "De Bono, Emilio") Appointed minister of state in 1942, De Bono participated in the historic meeting of the Fascist Grand Council (July 24/25, 1943) and was among those who voted against Mussolini, thus ...
- Fascist Party
- (from the article "fasces") Benito Mussolini's Fascist Party of Italy was named for the fasces, which the members adopted in 1919 as their emblem. The Winged Liberty dime, minted in the United States from ...
- Fasco AG
- (from the article "Sindona, Michele") ...using his talents as a tax and corporate lawyer, he built holdings estimated to total as much as $450 million, scattered about in a maze of banks and industries. One ...
- Fashanu, Justin
- British association football (soccer) player who was hailed as a promising young striker with Norwich City (1978-81); Nottingham Forest (1981-82), which paid £1 million for him in 1981 (then a ...
- Fashin Ruwa
- (from the article "Argungu") Argungu is noted for its Fashin Ruwa, an annual fishing festival usually held in February, and for its Kanta Museum, which houses 16th-century artifacts. The ruins of the walled town ...
- fashion design
- (from the article "clothing and footwear industry") Clothing, headwear, footwear, and accessories businesses are the fashion industries par excellence. As such their goal is to give the wearer a sense of well-being based on being attractive to ...
- Fashion Designers of America, Council of
- (from the article "de la Renta, Oscar") ...and personal achievements earned him the Juan Pablo Duarte Order of Merit and the Order of Cristobal Colon. Active in the American fashion community, he served as president of the ...
- fashionable novel
- early 19th-century subgenre of the comedy of manners portraying the English upper class, usually by members of that class. One author particularly known for his fashionable novels was Theodore Hook.
- fashioning
- (from the article "knitting") Knit fabrics are produced in both flat and tubular form. Filling knits are most often tubular; warp knits are usually flat. Flat filling knits can be shaped by a process ...
- Fashions
- A recurrent theme in 2007 was "fast fashion"-that is, inexpensive mass-produced variations of current designer merchandise, described by Women's Wear Daily (WWD) as "adulterated versions of things that have preceded ... [18 Related Articles]
- Fashir, Al-
- town, northwestern Sudan, 120 miles (195 km) northeast of Nyala. A historical caravan centre, it is located at an elevation of about 2,400 feet (700 metres). The town serves as ...
- Fashoda Incident
- (Sept. 18, 1898), the climax, at Fashoda, Egyptian Sudan (now Kodok, The Sudan), of a series of territorial disputes in Africa between Great Britain and France. [5 Related Articles]
- Fasi, al-
- in full Yusuf ibn Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Fasi Muslim teacher and mystic who was prominent in the intellectual life of northwest Africa.
- Fasi, Muhammad 'Allal al-
- (from the article "Morocco") ...in Meknes, where French settlers were suspected of diverting part of the town water supply to irrigate their own lands at the expense of the Muslim cultivators. In the ensuing ...
- Fasilides
- Ethiopian emperor from 1632 to 1667, who ended a period of contact between his country and Europe, initiating a policy of isolation that lasted for more than two centuries. [2 Related Articles]
- Fasli era
- (Persian fasli: "harvest"), chronological system devised by the Mughal emperor Akbar for land-revenue purposes in North India, for which the Muslim lunar calendar was inconvenient. The word comes from the ...
- fasola
- (from the article "solmization") In England and America in the 18th century, a four-syllable system was common, in which the major scale was sung fa-sol-la-fa-sol-la-mi-(fa). Often called fasola, it survives in some areas of ...
- Fassbinder, Rainer Werner
- motion-picture and theatre director, writer, and actor who was an important force in postwar West German cinema. His socially and politically conscious films often explore themes of oppression and despair. [1 Related Articles]
- Fassett, Cornelia Adele Strong
- American painter, perhaps best remembered for her painting of a meeting of the Electoral Commission of 1877 and her portraits of other major political figures of her day.
- Fassi, Abbas al-
- (from the article "Morocco") ...150,000 Saharawi refugees living near Tindouf, Alg., from 1975) | Capital: Rabat | Head of state and government: King Muhammad VI, assisted by Prime Ministers Driss Jettou and, from September ...
- Fassi, Carlo
- Italian-born figure-skating coach who guided four individual skaters to gold medals in the Winter Olympics. [3 Related Articles]
- Fassie, Brenda
- South African pop singer (b. Nov. 3, 1964, Cape Town, S.Af.--d. May 9, 2004, Johannesburg, S.Af.), delighted audiences with her uplifting music and inspiring lyrics, through which she often provided ...
- fast Alfven wave
- (from the article "plasma") ...however, the separate behaviour of ions and electrons causes the wave velocities to vary with direction and frequency. The Alfven wave splits into two components, referred to as the fast ...
- fast break
- (from the article "basketball") Coaching strategy changed appreciably over the years. Frank W. Keaney, coach at Rhode Island University from 1921 to 1948, is credited with introducing the concept of "fast break" basketball, in ...
- fast electron
- (from the article "radiation measurement") Energetic electrons (such as beta-minus particles), since they carry an electric charge, also interact with electrons in the absorber material through the Coulomb force. In this case, the force is ...
- fast fading
- (from the article "telecommunications media") ...interference. When the geometry of the reflected propagation path varies rapidly, as for a mobile radio traveling in an urban area with many highly reflective buildings, a phenomenon called fast ...
- fast fashion
- (from the article "Fashions") A recurrent theme in 2007 was "fast fashion"-that is, inexpensive mass-produced variations of current designer merchandise, described by Women's Wear Daily (WWD) as "adulterated versions of things that have preceded ...
- fast Fourier transform
- (from the article "telescope") ...high-resolution images of the radio sky. The laborious computational task of doing Fourier transforms to obtain images from the interferometer data is accomplished with high-speed computers and the fast Fourier ...
- fast ice
- (from the article "sea ice") ...mobile, drifting across the ocean surface under the influence of the wind and ocean currents and moving vertically under the influence of tides, waves, and swells. There is also landfast ...
- fast interval training
- (from the article "swimming") ...the same distance with controlled rest periods. In slow interval training, used primarily to develop endurance, the rest period is always shorter than the time taken to swim the prescribed ...
- fast neutron
- (from the article "radiation measurement") Neutrons whose kinetic energy is above about 1 keV are generally classified as fast neutrons. The neutron-induced reactions commonly employed for detecting slow neutrons have a low probability of occurrence ...
- fast reactor
- (from the article "nuclear reactor") ...occurs, the typical fission-causing neutrons can have energies in the range of 0.5 electron volt to thousands of electron volts (intermediate reactors) or several hundred thousand electron volts (fast reactors). ...
- Fast Scarlet R
- (from the article "dye") ...cotton, a major step in the development of the ingrain dyes. Its reaction with unsulfonated azoic diazo components on the fabric gives insoluble dyes with good wetfastness; with Diazo Component ...
- Fast, Howard Melvin
- American writer (b. Nov. 11, 1914, New York, N.Y.-d. March 12, 2003, Old Greenwich, Conn.), wrote prolifically, most notably popular historical novels on themes of human rights and social justice. ...
- fast-food restaurant
- (from the article "restaurant") ...where the diner is served a limited quick-order menu at the counter; and the drive-in, "drive-thru," or drive-up restaurant, where patrons are served in their automobiles. So-called fast-food restaurants, usually ...
- fast-wave electron tube
- (from the article "electron tube") Conventional electron tubes are designed to produce electron-field interaction by slowing down the RF wave to about one-tenth the speed of light. The continuing trend toward high power (more than ...
- fastball
- (from the article "baseball") ...ball. Pitchers use changes of speed, control (the ability to pitch to specific points in the strike zone), and different grips that affect the flight of the pitch in order ...
- fasti
- (probably from Latin fas, "divine law"), in ancient Rome, sacred calendar of the dies fasti, or days of the month on which it was ... [4 Related Articles]
- Fasti Antiates
- (from the article "Roman religion") ...fragments of about 40 copies of the calendar itself, in a revised shape established by Julius Caesar. Besides the Julian revision, there is an incomplete pre-Caesarian, Republican calendar, the Fasti ...
- fasting
- abstinence from food or drink or both for ritualistic, mystical, ascetic, or other religious or ethical purposes. The abstention may be complete or partial, lengthy or of short duration. Fasting ... [13 Related Articles]
- fasting hypoglycemia
- (from the article "hypoglycemia") Fasting hypoglycemia can be a life-threatening problem; it occurs most often in diabetic patients who have accidentally overdosed on insulin by mistiming their therapy, missing meals, or exercising without compensating ...
- Fastnachtsspiel
- carnival or Shrovetide play that emerged in the 15th century as the first truly secular drama of pre-Reformation Germany. Usually performed on platform stages in the open air by amateur ... [1 Related Articles]
- Fastnet Cup
- trophy for sailing yachts, awarded to the winner of a race sailed from Cowes, Isle of Wight, Eng., around the Isles of Scilly to the Fastnet Rock off the southwest ... [2 Related Articles]
- Fastolf, Sir John
- English career soldier who fought and made his fortune in the second phase of the Hundred Years' War between England and France (1337-1453). His name is immortalized through William Shakespeare's ... [1 Related Articles]
- Fastow, Andrew
- (from the article "Law, Crime, and Law Enforcement") ...in prison. In June John Rigas, the founder and former head of Adelphia Communications, received a 15-year prison sentence, and his son, the former CFO, was sentenced to 20 years. ...
- fat
- any substance of plant or animal origin that is nonvolatile, insoluble in water, and oily or greasy to the touch. Fats are usually solid at ordinary temperatures, such as 25° ... [26 Related Articles]
- fat and oil processing
- method by which animal and plant substances are prepared for eating by humans. [9 Related Articles]
- fat bloom
- (from the article "cocoa") ...18°-20° C (65°-68° F), with relative humidity below 50 percent. High (27°-32° C, or 80°-90° F) or widely fluctuating temperatures will cause fat bloom, a condition in which cocoa butter ...
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