| | - Farber, Viola
- German-born American modern dancer and choreographer who was a founding member (1953-65) of the Merce Cunningham Dance Company, formed the Viola Farber Dance Company and choreographed most of its works ...
- FARC
- Marxist guerrilla organization in Colombia. Formed in 1964 as the military wing of the Colombian Communist Party (Partido Comunista de Colombia; PCC), the FARC is the largest of Colombia's rebel ... [10 Related Articles]
- farce
- a comic dramatic piece that uses highly improbable situations, stereotyped characters, extravagant exaggeration, and violent horseplay. The term also refers to the class or form of drama made up of ... [9 Related Articles]
- Fard, Wallace D.
- Mecca-born founder of the Nation of Islam (sometimes called Black Muslim) movement in the United States. [2 Related Articles]
- fare
- (from the article "mass transit") Transit costs are paid from passenger fares and, in most developed countries, public subsidies. The most common way to collect passenger fares is by cash payment on the vehicle (for ...
- fare collection
- (from the article "mass transit") Transit costs are paid from passenger fares and, in most developed countries, public subsidies. The most common way to collect passenger fares is by cash payment on the vehicle (for ...
- Fareham
- (from the article "Fareham") town and borough (district), county of Hampshire, England, at the head of a creek opening into the northwestern corner of Portsmouth Harbour. The district embraces the market town of Fareham ...
- Fareham
- town and borough (district), county of Hampshire, England, at the head of a creek opening into the northwestern corner of Portsmouth Harbour. The district embraces the market town of Fareham ...
- Farel, Guillaume
- Reformer and preacher primarily responsible for introducing the Reformation to French-speaking Switzerland, where his efforts led to John Calvin's establishment of the Reformed church in Geneva. [3 Related Articles]
- Fares, Nabile
- Kabylian novelist and poet known for his abstruse, poetic, and dreamlike style. Rebellion against the established religious traditions and the newly formed conventions of Algeria since independence is central to ...
- farfel
- (from the article "pasta") ...such variations as the small elbow-shaped pieces called dita lisci, and the large, fluted, elbow-shaped pieces called rigatoni. Ribbon types include the wide lasagna and the narrow linguini. Farfels are ...
- Fargo
- city, seat (1873) of Cass county, southeastern North Dakota, U.S. It lies on the Red River of the North, opposite Moorhead, Minnesota, and is North Dakota's largest city. Founded in ...
- Fargo, James Congdell
- (from the article "American Express Company") On Fargo's death in 1881, his younger brother, James Congdell Fargo (1829-1915), became president and guided the company for the next 33 years, introducing such innovations as the American Express ...
- Fargo, William George
- pioneer American businessman, one of the founders of Wells, Fargo & Company. [3 Related Articles]
- Fargue, Leon-Paul
- French poet and essayist whose work spanned numerous literary movements. [1 Related Articles]
- Fari'ah, Tall al-
- ancient site in northern Palestine, located near the head of the Wadi al-Fari'ah northeast of Nabulus in Israeli-occupied Jordan. Excavations at the site, spon sored since 1946 by the Dominican ...
- Faria, Almeida
- (from the article "Portuguese literature") ...J. Cardoso Pires based Balada da praia dos caes (1982; Ballad of Dogs' Beach) on the account of a political assassination. The novels that constitute Almeida Faria's Tetralogia lusitana ("Lusitanian ...
- Faribault
- city, seat of Rice county, southeastern Minnesota, U.S. It lies at the confluence of the Cannon and Straight rivers, in a mixed-farming and lake area, about 50 miles (80 km) ...
- Farid-ud-Din Mas'ud
- (from the article "Faridpur") ...Ghat with Kolkata (Calcutta) and is linked by road with Kushtia, Meherpur, Khulna, Barisal, and Jessore. The city was constituted a municipality in 1869 and takes its name from the ...
- Faridabad
- town, southeastern Haryana state, northwestern India, connected by road with Delhi (north) and Mathura (southeast). It is a local market for wheat, sugarcane, and cotton. Founded in 1607 by Shaikh ...
- Faridkot
- town, southwestern Punjab state, northwestern India, 70 miles (116 km) southwest of Ludhiana town. It was founded by Bhallan of the Burai Jat (a warrior community of northern India) during ...
- Faridpur
- city, central Bangladesh, on the west bank of the Mara (Dead) Padma stream, a tributary of the upper Padma River. It serves as a rail terminus for the branch line ...
- Farim
- town located on the Cacheu River in north-central Guinea-Bissau. It is a market centre for the agricultural products of the interior; peanut (groundnut) cultivation, concentrated around the town, is mainly ...
- farina
- (from the article "cereal processing") In Germany, The Netherlands, Poland, and a number of other countries, the extraction of the starch from potatoes (sometimes called farina) is a major industry. Some factories produce over 300 ...
- Farina, Carlo
- (from the article "sonata") ...to vocal than to instrumental composition. The development of instrumental writing-and of instrumental musical forms-was carried on more and more by virtuoso violinists. One of these was Carlo Farina (flourished ...
- Farina, Giuseppe
- Italian automobile racing driver who was the first to win the world driving championship according to the modern point system.
- Farina, Mimi
- American folk singer and social activist who, with her first husband, Richard Farina, helped revitalize folk music in the 1960s. She was the younger sister of folk singer Joan Baez. [3 Related Articles]
- Farina, Richard
- American folk singer and novelist who, with his wife, Mimi Farina, played a significant role in the folk music revival of the 1960s. [2 Related Articles]
- Farinacci, Prospero
- Italian jurist whose Praxis et Theorica Criminalis (1616) was the strongest influence on penology in Roman-law countries until the reforms of the criminologist-economist Cesare Beccaria (1738-94). The ...
- Farinacci, Roberto
- radical Italian politician and Fascist ras, or local party boss, who helped Benito Mussolini rise to power in 1922 and who became an important figure in the Fascist regime.
- Farinati, Paolo
- Italian painter, engraver, and architect, one of the leading 16th-century painters at Verona.
- Farinelli
- celebrated Italian castrato singer of the 18th century and one of the greatest singers in the history of opera. He adopted the surname of his benefactors, the brothers Farina. [3 Related Articles]
- farinha
- (from the article "Amazon River") The Amazonian Indians early devised means of making the poisonous bitter cassava (manioc) edible; the end product, called farinha, became a food staple widely used today in ...
- Farini, Luigi Carlo
- Italian, physician, historian, and statesman of the Risorgimento who did much to bring central Italy into union with the north.
- Farjeon, Eleanor
- English writer for children whose magical but unsentimental tales, which often mock the behaviour of adults, earned her a revered place in many British nurseries. [1 Related Articles]
- farji
- (from the article "dress") ...coat that reached to the knees or below and was belted in with a sash, and wide trousers known as isar. These garments and the
- Farley, Chris
- American comedian whose larger-than-life performances (1990-95) on television's "Saturday Night Live" often parodied his own problems with alcohol, drugs, and obesity and who turned his physical brand of humour into ...
- Farley, Harriet
- American writer and editor, remembered largely for her stewardship of the Lowell Offering, a literary magazine published by women at the textile mills in Lowell, Massachusetts.
- Farley, James A
- U.S. politician who engineered electoral triumphs for Franklin D. Roosevelt. Farley served as postmaster general until breaking with Roosevelt in 1940 to make his own bid for the presidency.
- Farlow, Talmadge Holt
- American jazz musician who began playing guitar in 1943, inspired by jazz great Charlie Christian, and later performed during the early-mid-1950s as a professional with the innovative Red Norvo Trio ...
- Farlow, William Gilson
- mycologist and plant pathologist who pioneered investigations in plant pathology; his course in this subject was the first taught in the United States.
- farm
- (from the article "Europe, history of") ...from the Bronze Age settlement pattern. This was particularly true of northern, western, and central Europe, which saw a variety of settlement organizations during the period. There were extended farmsteads ...
- farm building
- any of the structures used in farming operations, which may include buildings to house families and workers, as well as livestock, machinery, and crops.
- farm cheese
- (from the article "cottage cheese") Also derived from cottage cheese is farm, or farmer, cheese, which is made by pressing the curd, thereby eliminating most of the liquid. It is drier than either cottage cheese ...
- Farm Credit Act
- (from the article "United States") ...would receive "parity" payments to balance prices between farm and nonfarm products, based on prewar income levels. Farmers benefited also from numerous other measures, such as the Farm Credit Act ...
- farm machinery
- mechanical devices, including tractors and implements, used in farming to save labour. Farm machines include a great variety of devices with a wide range of complexity: from simple hand-held implements ... [10 Related Articles]
- farm management
- making and implementing of the decisions involved in organizing and operating a farm for maximum production and profit. Farm management draws on agricultural economics for information on prices, markets, agricultural ... [3 Related Articles]
- Farm Security Administration
- (from the article "photography, history of") Documentary photography experienced a resurgence in the United States during the Great Depression, when the federal government undertook a major documentary project. Produced by the Farm Security Administration (FSA) under ...
- farm system
- (from the article "Rickey, Branch") American professional baseball executive who devised the farm system of training ballplayers (1919) and hired the first black players in organized baseball in the 20th century.
- Farman Company
- (from the article "airplane") ...route was attempted. The first airline was formed in Germany; the Deutsche Luftreederie began service from Berlin to Leipzig and Weimar on Feb. 5, 1919, followed only three days later ...
- Farman III
- aircraft designed, built, and first flown by the French aviator Henri Farman in 1909. (See also history of flight.) [1 Related Articles]
- Farman, Henri
- French aviation pioneer and aircraft builder who popularized the use of ailerons, moveable surfaces on the trailing edge of a wing that provide a means of lateral control. [4 Related Articles]
- Farman, Maurice
- French aircraft designer and manufacturer who contributed greatly to early aviation. [1 Related Articles]
- Farmer's Almanac
- American annual journal containing anecdotal weather prognostications, planting schedules, astronomical tables, astrological lore, recipes, anecdotes, and sundry pleasantries of rural interest, first published by Robert B. Thomas in 1792 for ... [1 Related Articles]
- Farmer's Law
- Byzantine legal code drawn up in the 8th century AD, probably during the reign of Emperor Leo III the Isaurian (717-741), which focused largely on matters concerning the peasantry and ...
- farmer's lung
- a pulmonary disorder that results from the development of hypersensitivity to inhaled dust from moldy hay or other fodder. In the acute form, symptoms include a sudden onset of breathlessness, ... [3 Related Articles]
- Farmer, Arthur Stewart
- American jazz musician (b. Aug. 21, 1928, Council Bluffs, Iowa-d. Oct. 4, 1999, New York, N.Y.), created trumpet solos with a singular devotion to lyricism and form and became one ...
- Farmer, Fannie Merritt
- American cookery expert, originator of what is today the renowned Fannie Farmer Cookbook. [1 Related Articles]
- Farmer, Herbert Henry
- (from the article "religious experience") ...result of inference from, or interpretation of, religious experience. Two forms of immediacy may be distinguished: the revelational and the mystical. Christian theologians, such as Emil Brunner and H.H. Farmer, ...
- Farmer, James
- American civil rights activist who, as a leader of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), helped shape the civil rights movement through his nonviolent activism and organizing of sit-ins and ... [2 Related Articles]
- Farmer, Paul
- By 2004 anthropologist, epidemiologist, and public-health administrator Paul Farmer had spent more than two decades and more than 4.8 million km (3 million mi) in the air shuttling between Boston-where ...
- Farmer-Labor Party
- in U.S. history (1918-44), a minor political party of Minnesotan small farmers and urban workers, which supported Robert M. La Follette in the 1924 presidential election and Franklin D. Roosevelt ...
- Farmers Cooperative Demonstration Work of the USDA
- (from the article "Knapp, Seaman Asahel") ...of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), supervised a demonstration that proved the effectiveness of good farming techniques in weevil control. Thus he originated the program of the Farmers Cooperative ...
- Farmers' Alliance
- (from the article "Populist Movement") Throughout the 1880s local political action groups known as Farmers' Alliances sprang up among Middle Westerners and Southerners, who were discontented because of crop failures, falling prices, and poor marketing ...
- Farmers' Loan and Trust Company
- (from the article "Pollock v. Farmers' Loan and Trust Company") The 1894 act had provided (for a five-year term) that "gains, profits and incomes" in excess of $4,000 would be taxed at 2 percent. In compliance with the Tariff Act, ...
- Farmers' Party
- (from the article "Norway") The government, led by the Agrarian Party (1931-33) and Venstre (1933-35), tried to combat the crisis with extensive reductions in governmental expenditure but refused to consider an expansionist financial policy ...
- Farmers' Party
- (from the article "Sweden") ...unemployment rose, and reductions in wages caused a series of harsh labour conflicts. The election of 1932 brought a considerable advance to the Social Democratic Party, and to some extent ...
- farmhouse
- (from the article "farm building") The basic requirements for the farmer's family are about the same as those of the urban family, but certain features of the farmhouse depend on the farm-life pattern. Because the ...
- Farmington
- town (township), Hartford county, central Connecticut, U.S., on the Farmington River. Early settlement centred on the plantation of Tunxis (Tunxes; settled 1640), which was renamed for Farmington, England, and incorporated ...
- Farmington
- city, San Juan county, northwestern New Mexico, U.S. It lies at the confluence of the San Juan, Animas, and La Plata rivers. Settled in 1876, when Indian lands were opened ...
- Farmington
- town, seat (1838) of Franklin county, west-central Maine, U.S. It lies along the Sandy River 38 miles (61 km) northwest of Augusta. The town includes the communities of Farmington, Farmington ... [1 Related Articles]
- Farmington Plan
- (from the article "library") An ambitious program for cooperative acquisition of foreign materials by American libraries was conceived in the Library of Congress in 1942. This was the Farmington Plan: it involved the recruitment ...
- Farmington River
- river, western Liberia. It is Liberia's only river of commercial importance. It rises in the Bong Range and flows south-southwest for 75 miles (120 km) to the Atlantic coast at ...
- Farnaby, Giles
- English composer of virginal music and madrigals who ranks with the greatest keyboard composers of his day.
- Farnbag fire
- (from the article "Zoroastrianism") The Farnbag, Gushnasp, and Burzen-Mihr fires were connected, respectively, with the priests, the warriors, and the farmers. The Farnbag fire was at first in Khwarezm, until in the 6th century ...
- Farnborough
- (from the article "Rushmoor") ...centre of the United Kingdom's military establishment. A military camp, established at the town of Aldershot in 1854-55, is now the largest permanent military base in the country. Adjacent to ...
- Farne Islands
- group of islets and reefs lying 1.5 to 6 miles (2.5 to 10 km) off the North Sea coast of Great Britain in the administrative and historic county of Northumberland, ...
- Farnese Family
- an Italian family that ruled the duchy of Parma and Piacenza from 1545 to 1731. Originating in upper Lazio, the family soon became noted through its statesmen and its soldiers, ... [2 Related Articles]
- Farnese Globe
- (from the article "celestial globe") Some globes were made in ancient Greece; Thales of Miletus (fl. 6th century BC) is generally credited with having constructed the first. Probably the oldest in existence is the Farnese ...
- Farnese Hercules
- (from the article "Lysippus") ...Roman emperor Caracalla; it is similar in style to the Apoxyomenos. Lysippus' colossal, but exhausted and melancholy, Heracles at Sicyon was the original of the Farnese Heracles, ...
- Farnese, Alessandro
- (from the article "Farnese Family") ...continued his father's work of internal consolidation and the struggle against the feudal lords. He harshly repressed a conspiracy in 1582 and subdued the Valtarese again. Pier Luigi's eldest son, ...
- Farnese, Alessandro, duke of Parma and Piacenza
- regent of the Netherlands (1578-92) for Philip II, the Habsburg king of Spain. He was primarily responsible for maintaining Spanish control there and for perpetuating Roman Catholicism in the southern ... [10 Related Articles]
- Farnese, Antonio
- (from the article "Farnese Family") The last Farnese of the male line was Antonio (1679-1731), duke from 1727. Parma and Piacenza passed to Don Carlos (the future Charles III of Spain), Philip V's eldest son ...
- Farnese, Francesco
- (from the article "Farnese Family") Francesco (1678-1727), son of Ranuccio II and his successor in 1694, attempted to save the fortunes of the state and of the dynasty, now in utter decadence, by his economic ...
- Farnese, Odoardo I
- (from the article "Urban VIII") In an endeavour to establish supremacy over northern Italy, Urban began the War of Castro (1642-44) against Duke Odoardo I Farnese of Parma, whom he excommunicated in 1642, but the ...
- Farnese, Ottavio
- (from the article "Farnese Family") ...council of justice and a ducal chamber, ordered a census of the population, reduced the Valtarese to submission, and curbed the power of the feudal lords. Pier Luigi's second son ...
- Farnese, Palazzo
- Rome, important example of High Renaissance architecture designed by Antonio da Sangallo and built between 1517 and 1589. In 1546, when Sangallo died, leaving the building of the palace unfinished, ... [7 Related Articles]
- Farnese, Palazzo
- (from the article "Piacenza") ...Raphael's painting "Sistine Madonna"; and Santa Maria di Campagna (1522-28), with frescoes by Pordenone. Notable palaces include the Palazzo Comunale (begun 1281) and the grandiose Palazzo Farnese, begun in 1558 ...
- Farnese, Pier Luigi
- (from the article "Parma and Piacenza, Duchy of") the northern Italian cities of Parma and Piacenza, with their dependent territories, detached from the Papal States by Pope Paul III in 1545 and made a hereditary duchy for his ...
- Farnese, Ranuccio I
- (from the article "Farnese Family") Alessandro was succeeded in 1592 by his son Ranuccio I (1569-1622), who had been regent since 1586. In 1612 Ranuccio ferociously repressed a conspiracy of the nobles, which was provoked ...
- Farnese, Ranuccio II
- (from the article "Farnese Family") Ranuccio's son and successor, Odoardo I (1612-46), was ambitious and impulsive, and he engaged in inconclusive campaigns and diplomacy during the Thirty Years' War. His eldest son, Ranuccio II (1630-94), ...
- Farnese, Teatro
- Italian Baroque theatre at Parma, Italy, the prototype of the modern playhouse and the first surviving theatre with a permanent proscenium arch. Construction on the Teatro Farnese was begun in ... [3 Related Articles]
- Farnesina, Villa
- (from the article "ceiling") ...ceilings wholly or partially vaulted, often with arched intersections, with painted bands emphasizing the architectural design and with pictures filling the remainder of the space. The loggia of the Farnesina ...
- farnesyl pyrophosphate
- (from the article "isoprenoid") ...Tail-to-tail coupling does not appear to follow expected reaction patterns. Squalene, which has the most notable example of tail-to-tail coupling, is formed by the joining of two equivalents of farnesyl ...
- Farnham, Eliza Wood Burhans
- American reformer and writer, an early advocate of the importance of rehabilitation as a focus of prison internment.
- Farnham, Joseph
- (from the article "1927/28: Other Winners") Original Story: Ben Hecht for UnderworldAdaptation: Benjamin Glazer for 7th HeavenTitle Writing: Joseph FarnhamCinematography: Charles Rosher and Karl Struss for SunriseArt Direction: William Cameron Menzies for The Dove and TempestHonorary ...
- Farnsworth, E Allan
- American legal scholar (b. June 30, 1928, Providence, R.I.-d. Jan. 31, 2005, Englewood, N.J.), was regarded as the leading expert in U.S. contract law and wrote standard references on the ...
- Farnsworth, Philo Taylor
- American pioneer in the development of television. [1 Related Articles]
- Farnsworth, Richard
- American actor and film stuntman (b. Sept. 1, 1920, Los Angeles, Calif.-d. Oct. 6, 2000, Lincoln, N.M.), was twice nominated for an Academy Award. Known mostly for his roles in ...
- Farnsworth, Thomas
- (from the article "Bordentown") city, Burlington county, western New Jersey, U.S., on the Delaware River, just south of Trenton. Settled in 1682 by Thomas Farnsworth, a Quaker, it was early known as Farnsworth's Landing. ...
- Faro
- southernmost city of Portugal, lying on the Atlantic coast near Cape Santa Maria. Held by the Moors from early in the 8th century until 1249, when it was recaptured by ...
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