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Eufaula ... Europe, James Reese

Eufaula: city, Barbour county, southeastern Alabama, U.S. It lies on the Chattahoochee River (dammed south of the city to form the Walter F. George Reservoir [or Lake Eufaula]), at the Georgia ...
Eugene: city, seat (1853) of Lane county, western Oregon, U.S., on the Willamette River, adjoining Springfield to the east. The area around what became Eugene was inhabited for several centuries by ...
Eugene Of Savoy: field marshal and statesman of the Carignan line of the House of Savoy, who, in the service of the Austrian Holy Roman emperor, made his name as one of the ...
Eugenia: large genus of chiefly tropical, mostly aromatic, evergreen shrubs and trees of the myrtle family (Myrtaceae). The leaves are opposite; the flowers are solitary or in small clusters. The fruit ...
eugenics: the study of human improvement by genetic means.
Eugenie: wife of Napoleon III and empress of France (1853-70), who came to have an important influence on her husband's foreign policy.
Eugenikos, Markos: Greek Orthodox metropolitan of Ephesus (near modern Selcuk, Tur.) and theologian who led the anti-unionist party in the Eastern Orthodox Church following the Council of Florence, Italy (1439).
Eugenius I, Saint: pope from 654 to 657. He was elected while his predecessor, Pope St. Martin I, was still alive in exile. Later, in a letter of September 655, Martin acknowledged Eugenius ...
Eugenius II: pope from 824 to 827. He was a cardinal priest when chosen as successor to St. Paschal I. In 824 Eugenius received the Holy Roman co-emperor Lothair I, who had ...
Eugenius III, Blessed: pope from 1145 to 1153.
Eugenius IV: original name Gabriele Condulmer pope from 1431 to 1447.
Euglena: genus of single-celled organisms with both plant and animal characteristics. It is considered a member of the protozoan order Euglenida or a member of the algal division Euglenophyta. The genus ...
euglossine bee: any of a large group of brightly coloured, bees important to the ecology of New World tropical forests. Colour combinations include metallic blues, greens, and bronzes. They are noted for ...
Euhemerus: Greek mythographer who established the tradition of seeking an actual historical basis for mythical beings and events. It is thought he was born at Messina, though some claim he was ...
eukaryote: any cell or organism that possesses a clearly defined nucleus; this description excludes bacteria and blue-green algae. The eukaryotic cell has a nuclear membrane, well-defined chromosomes (bodies containing the hereditary ...
eulachon: species of smelt (q.v.).
Eulalius: antipope from December 418 to April 419. He was an archdeacon set up against Pope St. Boniface I by a clerical faction. The rivalry that ensued led to the first ...
Eulenburg, Botho, Graf zu: Prussian statesman associated with the Conservative Party in imperial Germany.
Eulenburg, Philipp, Furst zu: diplomat and intimate friend and adviser of the German emperor William II.
Eulenkrug: south German mid-16th-century owl jugs. Few examples of this early faience are known, and they range in date from 1540 to 1561. Originating in Nurnberg, the vessels are shaped as ...
Eulenspiegel, Till: German peasant trickster whose merry pranks were the source of numerous folk and literary tales. The historical Till is said to have been born at Kneitlingen, Brunswick, and to have ...
Euler characteristic: in mathematics, a number, C, which is a characterization of the various classes of geometric figures based only on the topological relationship between the numbers of vertices, V, edges, E, ...
Euler, Leonhard: Swiss mathematician and physicist, one of the founders of pure mathematics. He not only made decisive and formative contributions to the subjects of geometry, calculus, mechanics, and number theory but ...
Euler, Ulf von: Swedish physiologist who, with British biophysicist Sir Bernard Katz and American biochemist Julius Axelrod, received the 1970 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. All three were honoured for their independent ...
Euler-Chelpin, Hans von: Swedish biochemist who shared the 1929 Nobel Prize for Chemistry with Sir Arthur Harden for work on the role of enzymes in the fermentation of sugar.
eulite: silicate mineral belonging to the orthopyroxene (q.v.) series.
Eumenes: Greek general who upheld the cause of the Macedonian royal house in the civil war that followed the death of Alexander the Great in 323.
Eumenes I: ruler of Pergamum, in Mysia, from 263 to 241 who, in 262, liberated his city from the overlordship of the Seleucids, a dynasty founded in Syria by one of the ...
Eumenes II: king of Pergamum from 197 until his death. A brilliant statesman, he brought his small kingdom to the peak of its power and did more than any other Attalid monarch ...
Eumenius: Roman orator and teacher of rhetoric, born in Augustodunum, Gaul (now Autun, Fr.), who was the author of Oratio pro instaurandis scholis ("Oration on the Restoration of the Schools"), an ...
eumolpique: poetic measure devised by the French poet and composer Antoine Fabre d'Olivet (1767-1825). It consists of two unrhymed alexandrines (lines of iambic hexameter), the first verse of 12 syllables ending ...
Eumolpus: mythical ancestor of the priestly clan of the Eumolpids at Eleusis, a city in ancient Greece, and the site of the Eleusinian Mysteries, the best known of the Greek mystery ...
Eunapius: Greek rhetorician and historiographer whose Lives of the Philosophers and Sophists is important as a source of information on contemporary Neoplatonists (edited with Latin translation by J.F. Boissonade, 1849; with ...
Eunomius: extreme proponent of Arianism (q.v.). With the Arian philosopher and bishop Aetius, he established the Eunomian sect (see Anomoean), which, although it had an ecclesiastical organization (centred on Constantinople) and ...
Eunotosaurus: genus of extinct reptiles found as fossils in Permian deposits of South Africa (the Permian Period lasted from 286 to 245 million years ago). It has been suggested that Eunotosaurus ...
eunuch: castrated human male. From remote antiquity, eunuchs were employed in the Middle East and in China in two main functions: as guards and servants in harems or other women's quarters, ...
Eunus: leader of a slave revolt against the Romans in Sicily from 135 to 132 BC.
Euonymus: genus of about 170 species of shrubs, woody climbers, and small trees, in the staff tree family (Celastraceae), native to temperate Asia, North America, and Europe. The genus includes many ...
Euoplocephalus: armoured North American dinosaur of the Late Cretaceous Period (99 million to 65 million years ago). Like its close relative Ankylosaurus and the more distantly related
Euparkeria: extinct genus of reptiles that may have been ancestral to the major reptilian groups of the Mesozoic era; specimens are found as fossils in Early Triassic rocks of South Africa ...
Eupatorium: large genus of plants belonging to the family Compositae and containing about 600 species, nearly all American and found chiefly in tropical South America, the West Indies, and Mexico. They ...
eupatrid: (Greek: "of a good father"), member of the nobility of ancient Athens. It is likely that public office before 594 BC was in practice confined to the eupatridae and that ...
Eupen-et-Malmedy: region in Verviers arrondissement, Liege province, Wallonia region, Belgium. Eupen-et-Malmedy lies along the border with Germany and consists of the so-called cantons redimes ("redeemed cantons") of Eupen, Malmedy, and Sankt ...
Euphemites: extinct genus of gastropods (snails) abundant during the Late Carboniferous Period (between 320 and 286 million years ago) in the shallow seas that covered the midcontinental region of North America. ...
euphonia: any of several tropical American birds of the tanager family. See tanager.
euphonium: brass wind instrument with valves, pitched in C or B♭ an octave below the trumpet; it is the leading instrument in the tenor-bass range in military bands. It was invented ...
euphony and cacophony: sound patterns used in verse to achieve opposite effects: euphony is pleasing and harmonious; cacophony is harsh and discordant. Euphony is achieved through the use of vowel sounds in words ...
Euphorbia: large and variable genus of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, in the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae), characterized by a milky sap. The genus, which contains some 1,500-1,600 species, is also commonly ...
Euphorbiaceae: the spurge family of flowering plants, in the order Euphorbiales, containing some 7,500 species in 275 genera. Many members are important food sources; others are useful for their waxes and ...
Euphorbiales: order of dicotyledonous flowering plants, a division of the subclass Rosidae. In the strict sense, the order includes only one family, the Euphorbiaceae (spurge). Traditionally, however, a number of other ...
Euphorion: Greek poet and grammarian, of Chalcis in Euboea, whose poetry was highly regarded in Hellenistic literary circles and later among Catullus' generation of Roman poets in the 1st century BC.
Euphranor: Greek sculptor and painter from Corinth. In the Stoa Basileios at Athens he painted the "Twelve Gods," "Theseus with Democracy and Demos," and the cavalry engagement at Mantinea (362). At ...
Euphrates Dam: dam on the Euphrates River in north-central Syria. The dam, which is located 30 miles (50 km) upriver from the town of Ar-Raqqah, was begun in 1968. Its construction prompted ...
Euphronius: one of the most celebrated Greek painters and potters of his time. He experimented with new ideas, forms, and designs within the context of the Archaic tradition. His signature has ...
euphuism: an elegant Elizabethan literary style marked by excessive use of balance, antithesis, and alliteration and by frequent use of similes drawn from mythology and nature. The word is also used ...
Eupolis: one of the leading Athenian poets of the vigorous and satirical Old Comedy, and a rival of Aristophanes.
Eupteleaceae: family of dicotyledonous flowering plants with one genus, Euptelea, and two species of trees or large shrubs. The group is characterized by alternately arranged, simple, deciduous, marginally toothed leaves; bisexual ...
Eure River: river in northern France, a left-bank tributary of the Seine, with a length of 140 miles (225 km). From its source in the Perche Hills, Orne departement, at an elevation ...
Eureka: city, port, and seat (1856) of Humboldt county, northern California, U.S. Lying on Humboldt Bay, Eureka is located 275 miles (440 km) north of San Francisco and about 90 miles ...
Eureka: county, central Nevada, U.S. It is drained by the Humboldt River and Pine Creek. The Sulphur Springs, Fish Creek, and Cortez ranges cover the largely mountainous and arid area; the ...
Eureka: European cooperative organization inaugurated in April 1985 by 18 European nations and formally established with a secretariat in Brussels in 1986. Its purpose is to promote European high-technology industries by ...
Eureka Stockade: (Dec. 3, 1854), the most celebrated rebellion in Australian history. It involved the gold prospectors of Ballarat, Victoria, and was named for the rebels' hastily constructed fortification in the Eureka ...
Euric: king of a great Visigothic realm (usually called the kingdom of Toulouse) in the western part of the Roman Empire that included what is now southwestern France (south of the ...
Euripides: last of classical Athens' three great tragic dramatists, following Aeschylus and Sophocles.
Euripus: narrow strait in the Aegean Sea (an arm of the Mediterranean Sea), between the Greek island of Euboea (Evvoia) and the mainland of central Greece. It is 5 miles (8 ...
euro: monetary unit and currency of the European Union (EU). It was introduced as a noncash monetary unit in 1999, and currency notes and coins appeared in participating countries on January ...
euro: one of the largest species of kangaroo (q.v.).
Eurocommunism: trend among European communist parties toward independence from Soviet Communist Party doctrine during the 1970s and '80s. With Mikhail Gorbachev's encouragement, all communist parties took independent courses in the late ...
Eurodollar: a United States dollar that has been deposited outside the United States, especially in Europe. Foreign banks holding Eurodollars are obligated to pay in U.S. dollars when the deposits are ...
Europa: in Greek mythology, the daughter either of Phoenix or of Agenor, king of Phoenicia. The beauty of Europa inspired the love of Zeus, who approached her in the form of ...
Europa: the smallest and second nearest of the four large moons (Galilean satellites) discovered around Jupiter by the Italian astronomer Galileo in 1610. It was probably also discovered independently that same ...
Europe: second smallest of the world's continents, composed of the westward-projecting peninsulas of Eurasia and occupying nearly one-fifteenth of the world's total land area. It is bordered on the north by ...
Europe, Concert of: in the post-Napoleonic era, the vague consensus among the European monarchies favouring preservation of the territorial and political status quo. The term assumed the responsibility and right of the great ...
Europe, Council of: organization of European countries that seeks to protect democracy and human rights and to promote European unity by fostering cooperation on legal, cultural, and social issues. By the beginning of ...
Europe, history of: history of European peoples and cultures from prehistoric times to the present. Europe is a more ambiguous term than most geographic expressions. Its etymology is doubtful, as is the physical ...
Europe, James Reese: American bandleader, arranger, composer, a major figure in the transition from ragtime to jazz.