(from the article "Frasch, Herman") Emigrating to the U.S. in 1868, Frasch worked as a chemist in Philadelphia and Cleveland, and in 1885 he organized the Empire Oil Company, Petrolia, Ont. For this firm he ...
steel-framed 102-story building completed in New York City in 1931. It rises to a height of 1,250 feet (381 m) and was the first skyscraper of such great vertical dimension. ... [6 Related Articles]
(from the article "chemical formula") An empirical formula consists of symbols representing elements in a compound, such as Na for sodium and Cl for chlorine, and subscripts indicating the relative number of atoms of each ...
(from the article "climate") ...have been devised (more than 100), but all of them may be broadly differentiated as either empiric or genetic methods. This distinction is based on the nature of the data ...
(from the article "psychological testing") Empirical validity (also called statistical or predictive validity) describes how closely scores on a test correspond (correlate) with behaviour as measured in other contexts. Students' scores on a test of ...
in philosophy, the attitude that beliefs are to be accepted and acted upon only if they first have been confirmed by actual experience. This broad definition accords with the derivation ... [26 Related Articles]
(from the article "Empiricism") When describing an everyday attitude, the word Empiricism sometimes conveys an unfavourable implication of ignorance of or indifference to relevant theory. Thus, to call a doctor an "Empiric" has been ...
(from the article "mental disorder") ...who adheres to a particular theory of both symptom causation and symptom relief. American psychiatrist Jerome D. Frank classified psychotherapies into "religio-magical" and "empirico-scientific" categories, with religio-magical approaches relying on ...
(from the article "music") ...adjunct to the good life. They gave more emphasis to sensation than did Plato, but they nevertheless placed music in the service of moderation and virtue. A dissenting 3rd-century voice ...
(from the article "Avenarius, Richard") German philosopher who taught at Zurich and founded the epistemological theory of knowledge known as empiriocriticism, according to which the major task of philosophy is to develop a "natural concept ...
(from the article "401(k)") ...their 401(k) funds in the company's own stock, but this practice has been criticized as risky, especially when too much retirement money is invested in a single stock. After the ...
(from the article "stock option") American corporations frequently issue employee stock options as a form of incentive compensation for their executives. The underlying theory is that an option constitutes an incentive to do what will ...
(from the article "United Kingdom") In his subsequent ministry, with the assistance of men like Richard Cross, the home secretary, Disraeli justified at last his reputation as a social reformer. By the Employers and Workmen ...
(from the article "Immigration's Economic Impact") ...even higher, at 19.4%. Immigrants made up approximately half of the 1990s job growth and added 2.3 million new workers during the slower job-growth period in the early 2000s, when ...
(from the article "government economic policy") ...at this time was Sir William Beveridge, whose book Full Employment in a Free Society had a strong impact on general thinking. Similar ideas were expressed in the United States ...
(from the article "New Zealand") ...markets of New Zealand and Australia-especially in the skilled trades and professional vocations-was a major constraint on establishing a set policy. However, with the passage of the Employment Contracts Act ...
town, Toscana (Tuscany) regione, north-central Italy, on the lower Arno River. During the medieval Florentine wars, Empoli was the scene of the Ghibelline congress of 1260, where Farinata degli Uberti ...
city, seat (1860) of Lyon county, east-central Kansas, U.S. It lies between the Cottonwood and Neosho rivers. Established in 1857 by a town company whose charter prohibited the sale and ...
public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Emporia, Kan., U.S. It consists of the schools of Business and of Library and Information Management, the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, ...
(from the article "Phocaea") ...arable land, established colonies in the Dardanelles at Lampsacus, on the Black Sea at Amisus (Samsun), and in the Crimea. In the Mediterranean they colonized as far west as Massilia ...
(from the article "Forbes, Steve") ...and Radio Free Europe, and he was reappointed to the position by President George Bush. In 1993, with Jack Kemp, a former congressman and fellow proponent of free-market economics, he ...
English critic and poet known for his immense influence on 20th-century literary criticism and for his rational, metaphysical poetry. [3 Related Articles]
in mysticism and religion, a state of "pure consciousness" in which the mind has been emptied of all particular objects and images; also, the undifferentiated reality (a world without distinctions ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "microscope") ...lower N.A., the details of the object will not be resolved. Attempts to enlarge the image detail by use of a high-power eyepiece will yield no increase in resolution. This ...
accumulation of pus in a cavity of the body, usually in the pleura, which are the serous membranes covering the lungs. Empyema is the result of a microbial, usually bacterial, ... [1 Related Articles]
river, northwestern Germany. It rises on the south slope of the Teutoburger Forest and flows generally northwest and north through the Lander of North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony to the ... [1 Related Articles]
report of an encounter between King William I of Prussia and the French ambassador; the telegram was sent from Ems (Bad Ems) in the Prussian Rhineland on July 13, 1870, ... [5 Related Articles]
(from the article "Ukraine") ...In 1863 the minister of the interior, Pyotr Valuev, banned virtually all publications in Ukrainian, with the exception of belles lettres. The ban was reinforced by a secret imperial decree, ...
German theologian, lecturer, editor, and polemicist who is remembered chiefly for his long public controversy with Martin Luther at the onset of the Reformation.
uppermost of the three standard worldwide divisions of Early Devonian rocks and time. Emsian time spans the interval between 407 million and 397.5 million years ago. The Emsian Stage was ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Latvia") Area: 64,589 sq km (24,938 sq mi) | Population (2004 est.): 2,312,000 | Capital: Riga | Chief of state: President Vaira Vike-Freiberga | Head of government: Prime Ministers Einars Repse, ...
region along the lower Ems River, in Lower Saxony Land (state), northwestern Germany. It lies on both sides of the river, from the town of Lingen to the Ems estuary. ... [1 Related Articles]
flightless bird of Australia and second largest living bird: the emu is more than 1.5 m (5 feet) tall and may weigh more than 45 kilograms (100 pounds). The emu ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "casuariiform") ...an army machine-gun unit were employed in a campaign against a concentration of emus, estimated to be about 20,000, in the vicinity of the wheat-belt centre of Campion. The outcome ...
any of the three species of the Australian genus Stipiturus, of the songbird family Maluridae. In these tiny birds the narrow, cocked tail consists of six wispy feathers-in quality, like ...
in foods, any of numerous chemical additives that encourage the suspension of one liquid in another, as in the mixture of oil and water in margarine, shortening, ice cream, and ... [1 Related Articles]
in physical chemistry, mixture of two or more liquids in which one is present as droplets, of microscopic or ultramicroscopic size, distributed throughout the other. Emulsions are formed from the ... [7 Related Articles]
(from the article "industrial polymers, chemistry of") One of the most widely used methods of manufacturing vinyl polymers, emulsion polymerization involves formation of a stable emulsion (often referred to as a latex) of monomer in water using ...
(from the article "fibre, man-made") Some nonmelting and insoluble polymers can be ground to a finely divided powder, mixed into a solution of another polymer, and solution-spun to fibres. The soluble polymer can be removed ...
family of hard-shelled turtles native to both the Old and New Worlds, primarily in the Northern Hemisphere. The emydid turtles comprise more than 25 genera and 85 living species-roughly one-half ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Mesopotamia, history of") ...about 2700 BC, since an earlier instance from Uruk is uncertain because it could simply be intended as a personal name: "Monsieur Legrand." In Uruk the ruler's special title was ...
oasis, archaeological site, and kibbutz (communal settlement) in southeastern Israel on the west bank of the Dead Sea. Because of its spring in an otherwise totally arid country, the site ...
(from the article "conveyor") En masse conveyors use skeletal or solid flights mounted at intervals on a cable or chain power driven within a closely fitting casing. Designed for bulk materials that must be ...
(from the article "chess") ...e.g., a White pawn at f5 can move to f6 but can capture only on g6 or e6. An unmoved pawn has the option of moving one or two squares ...
(from the article "dance") ...dancer's foot is not flat on the floor, it is pointed, and, of course, women dancers (and occasionally men) frequently dance on the tips of their toes with the aid ...
in the decorative arts, technique of enamelwork in which the design is incised on rock crystal or glass paste and the incisions lined first with gold and then with opaque ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "sefira") In the development of Kabbalistic literature, the idea was expanded and elaborated to denote the 10 stages of emanation from En Sof (the Infinite; the unknowable God), by which God ...
(from the article "Nazi Party") ...the Nazi Party 44 percent of the votes, and further unscrupulous tactics on Hitler's part turned the voting balance in the Reichstag in the Nazis' favour. On March 23, 1933, ...
(from the article "bird") The major diversification of modern birds probably took place in the Cretaceous, and it must have started early in that period because fragmentary fossil evidence of foot-propelled divers (Enaliornis) and ...
(from the article "art conservation and restoration") Since ancient times, glass has been used for both decorative and everyday use. Glass, glaze, enamel, and faience-the four vitreous products-are manufactured from three basic components: silica, alkali, and small ...
in anatomy, the hardest tissue of the body, covering part or all of the crown of the tooth in mammals. Enamel, when mature, consists predominantly of apatite crystals containing calcium ... [3 Related Articles]
portrait on a small opaque, usually white, enamel surface annealed to gold or copper plate and painted with metallic oxides. Since the pigments used are not vitreous enamels, this is ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "glassware") ...Simple motifs such as lotus buds or lotus flowers were produced in this way and occasionally more elaborate figural compositions were also done. Other specialties attributed to Alexandria were enamel ...
technique of decoration whereby metal objects or surfaces are given a vitreous glaze that is fused onto the surface by intense heat to create a brilliantly coloured decorative effect. It ... [11 Related Articles]
(from the article "amine") ...can remove two hydrogen atoms from secondary amines (R2CH&singlehorzbond;NHR') to form imines (R2C&doublehorzbond;NR'). Tertiary amines can be oxidized to enamines (R2C&doublehorzbond;CHNR2) by a variety of reagents.
(from the article "Spanish literature") ...century Castilian poets made it their medium for lyrics. Of 116 names in the Cancioneiro da Vaticana, 75 have been tentatively identified as Galician; none achieved particular individuality. Macias El ...
(from Greek enantios, "opposite"; morphe, "form"), also called Antimer, or OpticalAntipode, either of a pair of objects related to each other as the right hand is ... [5 Related Articles]
(from the article "crustacean") ...appendages projecting sideways; antennules biramous; maxillules, maxillae, and maxillipeds uniramous and grasping; marine cave dwellers; about 17 species.Carboniferous; single fossil, Tesnusocaris.Five pairs of head...
(from the article "allotropy") ...of an element is the same phenomenon that in the case of compounds is called polymorphism. Allotropes may be monotropic, in which case one of the forms is the most ...
sulfosalt mineral, copper arsenic sulfide (Cu3AsS4), that is occasionally an important ore of copper. It occurs as heavy, metallic-gray crystals and masses in veins and replacement deposits. Economically valuable deposits ...
(from the article "lower vascular plant") Stem appendages known as leaves take various forms that evolved independently in different groups of lower vascular plants. The simplest are scalelike emergences, or enations, that are not served by ...
(from the article "fern") ...more problematic as to its ultimate origin. Various hypotheses have been offered, of which the telome theory (that the leaf arose from fusions and rearrangements of branching stem systems) and ...
(from the article "Ethiopian literature") ...were destroyed; Islamization was widespread, and, even after the repulsion of the invaders, the country never fully recovered. A Muslim merchant who had been converted to Christianity and, as Enbaqom ...
(from the article "extinguisher moss") ...borne on setae (stalks) about 5 to 10 mm (0.2 to 0.4 inches) long. The calyptra (hoodlike covering) of each capsule resembles a candle snuffer, or extinguisher, and extends below ...
village, Andorra, on a headstream of the Valira River. Its agricultural economy is supplemented by tourism, especially skiing. Encamp has a broadcasting transmitter of Radio Andorra. Above the village is ...
(from the article "Ecuador") ...for a week in August. Long-running legal actions involving foreign firms remained unsettled, and oil executives complained about the difficulty of doing business in Ecuador. The Canadian firm EnCana announced ...
city, southeastern Paraguay. The city was founded in 1614 on the west bank of the Upper Parana River, opposite Posadas, Arg., to which it is linked by a bridge completed ...
painting technique in which pigments are mixed with hot, liquid wax. After all of the colours have been applied to the painting surface, a heating element is passed over them ... [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "art and architecture, Mesopotamian") ...there was widespread building activity. Temples and ziggurats were repaired or rebuilt in almost all the old dynastic cities, while Babylon itself was enormously enlarged and surrounded by a double ...
second nearest of the major regular moons of Saturn and the brightest of all its moons. It was discovered in 1789 by the English astronomer William Herschel and named for ... [3 Related Articles]
a genus of 65 species of palmlike cycads (family Zamiaceae), native to central and southern Africa and grown elsewhere as conservatory and house plants. The genus includes both tuberous and ...
from Greek enkephalos ("brain") and itis ("inflammation"), inflammation of the brain. Inflammation affecting the brain may also involve adjoining structures; encephalomyelitis is inflammation of ... [6 Related Articles]
(from the article "encephalitis") Encephalitis lethargica, or sleeping sickness (to be distinguished from African sleeping sickness, or African trypanosomiasis), occurred in epidemics in Europe and in the United States about the time of World ...
(from the article "nervous system") Early in the evolution of vertebrates, a special sensory system became associated with each major part of the brain: the olfactory organs with the forebrain, the eye with the midbrain, ...
(from the article "neural tube defect") Another form of open neural tube defect, encephalocele, occurs when a meningeal sac containing brain tissue protrudes from the skull. The outlook for affected individuals depends on the amount of ...
(from the article "encephalitis") ...("brain") and itis ("inflammation"), inflammation of the brain. Inflammation affecting the brain may also involve adjoining structures; encephalomyelitis is inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, and ...
any herbaceous perennial plant of the genus Circaea, in the evening primrose family (Onagraceae), that occurs in damp woodlands of the Northern Hemisphere. The plants have slender stems with opposite ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "tortilla") ...to scoop up sauced or stewed dishes and are sometimes cut into pieces and fried crisp for this use. As tacos, tortillas are folded around a filling of meat, beans, ...
solitary benign cartilaginous tumour that occurs mostly in the shafts of bones of the hands and feet, usually between adolescence and about age 50. Enchondromas are slow-growing tumours. As they ...
(from the article "enchondroma") ...tumour called chondrosarcoma. Treatment includes curettage (scraping) or complete surgical excision. The solitary enchondroma is morphologically identical with the lesions produced in enchondromatosis (also called Ollier disease).
(Italian: "Italian Encyclopaedia of Science, Letters, and Arts"), major encyclopaedia of Italy, containing 35 volumes of text and a one-volume index. Work on the encyclopaedia began in 1925 and the ... [2 Related Articles]
encyclopaedia published in Madrid, an outstanding reference work of 70 volumes-published between 1905 and 1933-plus a series of supplements. [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Pamplona") ...Also Rises (1926). Starting on July 6, the eve of the saint's festival, the fiesta lasts until the 14th, with daily bullfights preceded each morning by the famous
playwright, poet, priest, and composer of secular vocal music, who was the first Spanish dramatist to write specifically for performance. [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "Balboa, Vasco Nunez de") ...of present-day Colombia. Later, he settled in Hispaniola (Haiti), but he did not prosper as a pioneer farmer and had to escape his creditors by embarking as a stowaway on ...
faint comet having the shortest orbital period (about 3.3 years) of any known; it was also only the second comet (after Halley's) to have its period established. The comet was ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Encke, Johann Franz") Besides the comet that bears his name, Encke is also known for his discovery of Encke's Division, in the outermost ring of Saturn. From observations of the transits of Venus ...
(from the article "Paleo-Siberian languages") ...groups differ considerably from each other. In a broad sense, Nivkh resembles Japanese in its grammatical categories and processes (in word order, heavy inflection of verbs, and use of enclitics-an ...
(from the article "environmental works") Open windrow composting requires relatively large land areas. Enclosed mechanical composting facilities can reduce land requirements by about 85 percent. Mechanical composting systems employ one or more closed tanks or ...
in poetry, the rhyming pattern abba found in certain quatrains, such as the first verse of Matthew Arnold's "Shakespeare":Others abide our question. Thou art free.We ask and ask-thou smilest and ...
the division or consolidation of communal fields, meadows, pastures, and other arable lands in western Europe into the carefully delineated and individually owned and managed farm plots of modern times. ... [6 Related Articles]
(from the article "Table 2: Two-Bit and Variable-Bit Encoding of Four Sampled Signal Levels") Again n × r matrices H with the property Pt may be used in the construction of error-correcting codes. A row vector c' is taken as a code word if ...
(from the article "primitive culture") ...the felt inferiority they act toward outsiders in an extremely withdrawn manner. This withdrawal trait of the Indian peasantry has been appropriately labeled the "encogido syndrome," meaning ...
(from the article "Latin America, history of") ...unit and the powers of its ruler. The size and benefits of the encomienda thus depended on the local indigenous situation: there could be only as many encomiendas as there ...
(from the article "Mesopotamian religion") That praise is of the essence of hymns, for instance, is shown by the fact that over and over again the encomiast, the official praiser, whose task it was to ...
