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encaustic painting ... Engholm, Bjorn

encaustic painting: painting technique in which pigments are mixed with hot, liquid wax. After all of the colours have been applied to the painting surface, a heating element is passed over them ...
Enceladus: second nearest of the major regular moons of Saturn and the brightest of all its moons. It was discovered in 1789 by the English astronomer William Herschel and named for ...
Encephalartos: a genus of 20 or more species of palmlike cycads (plants of the family Cycadaceae), native to southern Africa and grown elsewhere as conservatory and house plants. The genus includes ...
encephalitis: from Greek enkephalos ("brain") and itis ("inflammation"), inflammation of the brain. Inflammation affecting the brain may also involve adjoining structures; encephalomyelitis is inflammation of ...
enchanter's nightshade: any herbaceous perennial plant of the genus Circaea, in the evening primrose family (Onagraceae), that occurs in damp woodlands of the Northern Hemisphere. The plants have slender stems with opposite ...
enchondroma: a solitary cartilaginous lesion that occurs mostly in the shafts of bones of the hands and feet, usually between adolescence and about age 50. Enchondromas are benign, slow-growing tumours. As ...
Enciclopedia italiana di scienze, lettere ed arti: (Italian: "Italian Encyclopaedia of Science, Letters, and Arts"), major encyclopaedia of Italy, containing 35 volumes of text and a one-volume index. Work on the encyclopaedia began in 1925 and the ...
Enciclopedia universal ilustrada europeoamericana: encyclopaedia published in Madrid, an outstanding reference work of 70 volumes-published between 1905 and 1933-plus a series of supplements.
Encina, Juan del: playwright, poet, priest, and composer of secular vocal music, who was the first Spanish dramatist to write specifically for performance.
Encke's Comet: faint comet having the shortest orbital period (about 3.3 years) of any known; it was also only the second comet (after Halley's) to have its period established. The comet was ...
Encke, Johann Franz: German astronomer who in 1819 established the period of the comet now known by his name (see Encke's Comet).
Enckell, Rabbe: Finnish poet, playwright, and critic, a leading representative of the Swedo-Finnish poetic revival that began in the 1920s.
enclosed rhyme: in poetry, the rhyming pattern abba found in certain quatrains, such as the first verse of Matthew Arnold's "Shakespeare":Others abide our question. Thou art free.We ask and ask-thou smilest and ...
enclosure: the division or consolidation of communal fields, meadows, pastures, and other arable lands in western Europe into the carefully delineated and individually owned and managed farm plots of modern times. ...
encomienda: in colonial Spanish America, legal system by which the Spanish crown attempted to define the status of the Indian population in its American colonies. It was based upon the practice ...
encomium: a prose or poetic work in which a person, thing, or abstract idea is glorified. Originally an encomium was a Greek choral song honouring the hero of the Olympic Games ...
Encratite: member of an ascetic Christian sect led by Tatian, a 2nd-century Syrian rhetorician. The name derived from the group's doctrine of continence (Greek: enkrateia). The sect shunned marriage, the eating ...
encyclical: pastoral letter written by the pope for the whole Roman Catholic church on matters of doctrine, morals, or discipline. Although formal papal letters for the entire church were issued from ...
encyclopaedia: reference work that contains information on all branches of knowledge or that treats a particular branch of knowledge in a comprehensive manner.
Encyclopaedia Britannica: the oldest and largest English-language general encyclopaedia. The Encyclopaedia Britannica has been published since 1768, when its first edition began to appear in Edinburgh, Scotland.
Encyclopedia Americana, The: American general encyclopaedia, published in Danbury, Conn., by Grolier, Inc., the second largest encyclopaedia in English and the first major multivolume encyclopaedia published in the United States.
Encyclopedie: (French: "Encyclopaedia, or Classified Dictionary of Sciences, Arts, and Trades"), the 18th-century French encyclopaedia that was one of the chief works of the Philosophes, men dedicated to the advancement of ...
end rhyme: in poetry, a rhyme that occurs in the last syllables of verses, as in stanza one of Robert Frost's "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening": Whose woods these are ...
end stop: in prosody, a grammatical pause at the end of a line of verse, as in these lines from Alexander Pope's An Essay on Criticism:A little learning is a dangerous thing;Drink ...
end-plate potential: chemically induced change in electric potential of the motor end plate, the portion of the muscle-cell membrane that lies opposite the terminal of a nerve fibre at the neuromuscular junction. ...
endangered species: any species of plant or animal that is threatened with extinction.
Endecott, John: colonial governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, under whose leadership the new colony made rapid progress.
Ender, Kornelia: East German swimmer who was the first woman to win four gold medals at a single Olympics.
Ender, Otto: statesman and government official who served as chancellor of Austria during the early months of the Great Depression.
Enderby Land: region of Antarctica, bordering on the Indian Ocean and extending from Prince Olav Coast of Queen Maud Land (west) to Edward VIII Bay and Kemp Coast (east). Primarily a barren, ...
Enders, John Franklin: American virologist and microbiologist who, with Frederick C. Robbins and Thomas H. Weller, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for 1954 for his part in cultivating the ...
endive: (Cichorium endivia), edible annual leafy plant of the family Asteraceae, variously believed to have originated in Egypt and Indonesia and cultivated in Europe since the 16th century. Its many varieties ...
Endlicher, Stephan: Austrian botanist who formulated a major system of plant classification.
Endo Shusaku: Japanese novelist noted for his examination of the relationship between East and West through a unique Christian perspective.
endocarditis: inflammation of the heart lining, or endocardium. Endocarditis is caused by any of a number of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, rickettsias, and possibly viruses, that enter the bloodstream and become ...
endocrine system: any of the systems found in animals for the production of hormones, substances that regulate the functioning of the organism. Such a system may range, at its simplest, from the ...
endocrine system, human: group of ductless glands that regulate body processes by their secretion of chemical substances called hormones, which are carried to specific target organs and tissues by the bloodstream. Diseases of ...
endocrinology: medical discipline dealing with the role of hormones and other biochemical mediators in regulating bodily functions and with the treatment of imbalances of these hormones. Although some endocrine diseases, such ...
endoderm: the innermost of the three germ layers, or masses of cells (lying within ectoderm and mesoderm), which appears early in the development of an animal embryo. The endoderm subsequently gives ...
endodontics: in dentistry, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases of the dental pulp and the surrounding tissues. (The dental pulp is soft tissue in the centre of the tooth; it contains ...
endometriosis: disorder of the female reproductive system characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue (uterine lining) in an abnormal location. The condition is more common in those who are childless.
endometritis: inflammation of the endometrium, the mucous lining of the uterus. Endometritis is most commonly caused by infection with sexually transmitted organisms such as Chlamydia (and in these ...
endomorph: a human physical type (somatotype) tending toward roundness, as determined by the physique classification system developed by American psychologist W.H. Sheldon. The extreme endomorph has a body as nearly globular ...
endoplasmic reticulum: in biology, a highly convoluted membrane within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that is important in the biosynthesis of proteins and lipids. The ER usually constitutes more than half ...
Endor, Witch of: in the Old Testament (1 Samuel 28:3-25), a female sorcerer who was visited by Saul, the first king of Israel. Although Saul had banished all sorcerers and conjurers from his ...
endorphin: any of a group of opiate proteins with pain-relieving properties that are found naturally in the brain. The main substances identified as endorphins include the enkephalins, beta-endorphin, and dynorphin, which ...
endoscopy: medical examination of the interior of the body, usually through a natural body opening, by the insertion of a flexible, lighted optical shaft or open tube. Instruments used include the ...
endosperm: tissue that surrounds and nourishes the embryo in the angiosperm seed. The initiation of endosperm is a definitive characteristic of angiosperms and requires the fusion of at least one nucleus ...
endotoxin: toxic substance bound to the bacterial cell wall and released when the bacterium ruptures or disintegrates. Endotoxins consist of lipopolysaccharide and lipoprotein complexes. The protein component determines its foreign (antigenic) ...
endrin: chlorine-containing organic compound used as an insecticide. See aldrin.
Endymion: in Greek mythology, a beautiful youth who spent much of his life in perpetual sleep. Endymion's parentage varies among the different ancient references and stories, but several traditions say that ...
Energia: Russian aerospace company that is a major producer of spacecraft, launch vehicles, rocket stages, and missiles. It built the world's first intercontinental ballistic missile and the first artificial satellite, Sputnik, ...
energy: in physics, the capacity for doing work. It may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, nuclear, or other various forms. There are, moreover, heat and work-i.e., energy in the ...
energy conversion: the transformation of energy from forms provided by nature to forms that can be used by humans.
energy state: in physics, any discrete value from a set of values of total energy for a subatomic particle confined by a force to a limited space or for a system of ...
energy, conservation of: principle of physics according to which the energy of interacting bodies or particles in a closed system remains constant. The first kind of energy to be recognized was kinetic energy, ...
energy, equipartition of: law of statistical mechanics stating that, in a system in thermal equilibrium, on the average, an equal amount of energy will be associated with each independent energy state. Based on ...
Enesco, Georges: violinist and composer, known for his interpretations of Bach and his works in a Romanian style.
Enewetak: atoll, northwestern end of the Ralik chain, Republic of the Marshall Islands, in the western Pacific Ocean. Circular in shape (50 miles [80 km] in circumference), it comprises 40 islets ...
Enfantin, Barthelemy-Prosper: eccentric French social, political, and economic theorist who was a leading member of the St. Simonian movement.
Enfants sans Souci: (French: Carefree Children), one of the largest of the societes joyeuses of medieval France, an association of the merchants, craftsmen, and students of Paris, founded for the purpose of staging ...
Enfield: outer borough of London, on its northern perimeter, in the historic county of Middlesex. The eastern part of the borough lies in the valley of the River Lea; the western ...
Enfield: town (township), Hartford county, northern Connecticut, U.S., on the Connecticut River at the Massachusetts border. It includes the industrial subdivisions of Thompsonville and Hazardville. The area was settled by a ...
Enga: province (established in 1978), west central Papua New Guinea, in the southwestern Pacific. It has an area of 4,900 square miles (12,800 square km) and was separated from the Western ...
Engadin: Swiss portion of the upper Inn (Romansh En) River valley, in Graubunden canton, extending about 60 mi (100 km) from the Inn's source near the Maloja Pass (5,955 ft [1,815 ...
Engel, Ernst: German statistician remembered for the "Engel curve," or Engel's law, which states that the lower a family's income, the greater is the proportion of it spent on food. His conclusion ...
Engelbart, Douglas: American inventor whose work beginning in the 1950s led to his patent for the computer mouse, the development of the basic graphical user interface, and groupware.
Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson: Swedish national hero who led a 15th-century rebellion against Erik of Pomerania, king of the united realms of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.
Engelmann, George: U.S. botanist, physician, and meteorologist who is known primarily for his botanical monographs, especially one on the cactus and also A Monography of North American Cuscutinae (1842).
Engels: city, Saratov oblast (province), western Russia. The city is situated on the left bank of the Volga River, opposite Saratov, to which it is connected by a highway bridge (completed ...
Engels, Friedrich: German Socialist philosopher, the closest collaborator of Karl Marx in the foundation of modern Communism. They co-authored the Communist Manifesto (1848), and Engels edited the second and third volumes of ...
Enggano Island: island in the Indian Ocean, off the southwestern coast of Sumatra, Bengkulu provinsi ("province"), Indonesia. Enggano lies about 110 miles (177 km) south of Bengkulu city. It is about 22 ...
Enghalskrug: German faience ewer with an ovoid body and a long narrow neck, which has a hinged pewter lid, a slight lip, and a broad foot, usually bound with a ring ...
Enghien: municipality, Hainaut province, southwest-central Belgium, 16 miles (26 km) southwest of Brussels. Established in the 11th century and a French possession until 1606, it was a medieval commercial centre noted ...
Enghien, Louis-Antoine-Henri de Bourbon-Conde, Duke d': French prince whose execution, widely proclaimed as an atrocity, ended all hope of reconciliation between Napoleon and the royal house of Bourbon.
Engholm, Bjorn: German politician who became the leader of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) in 1991.