| | - Einem, Gottfried von
- Austrian composer whose operas and orchestral works combine late-19th-century Romanticism with 20th-century compositional practices such as dissonance and atonality as well as elements of jazz. [1 Related Articles]
- Einhard
- Frankish historian and court scholar whose writings are an invaluable source of information on Charlemagne and the Carolingian Empire. [2 Related Articles]
- Einhorn, David
- (from the article "Kohler, Kaufmann") ...of the Bible (analyzing Scripture in light of modern knowledge), excluded Kohler from the Jewish pulpit in Germany. He emigrated to the United States and was welcomed by the eminent ...
- einkorn wheat
- (from the article "Poaceae") ...diploid (2n), the normal condition; tetraploid (2n = 14, resulting from the fusion of diploid gametes); and hexaploid (2n = 21). An example of a domesticated diploid wheat is einkorn ...
- Einsatzgruppen
- (from the article "Himmler, Heinrich") ...the Soviet Union in June 1941, Himmler was entrusted with the administration of the conquered territory with the goal of eliminating the Soviet system. He oversaw the deployment of the ...
- Einsiedeln
- town, Schwyz canton, northeast-central Switzerland. It is located on the right bank of Alp Stream, northeast of Schwyz city. It developed around the Benedictine abbey, founded in 934. The abbey ...
- einstein
- (from the article "photosynthesis") Light can be described as a wave of particles known as photons; these are units of energy, or light quanta. The quantity N photons is called an einstein. The energy ...
- Einstein Observatory
- (from the article "Mendelsohn, Erich") The sketches led to Mendelsohn's first commission after the war, the Einstein Tower, Potsdam (1919-21). This bizarre, highly sculptured structure caused an immediate sensation. He had intended the structure to ...
- Einstein Observatory
- (from the article "Giacconi, Riccardo") ...Earlier, Giacconi had worked out the operating principles for a telescope that could focus X rays into images, and in the 1970s he built the first high-definition X-ray telescope. Called ...
- Einstein relation
- (from the article "electricity") ...observed as their kinetic energy outside the metal. The relation between electron kinetic energy E and the frequency nu (that is, E = hnu − W) is known as the ...
- Einstein's mass-energy relation
- relationship between mass (m) and energy (E) in the special theory of relativity of Albert Einstein, embodied by the formula E = mc2, where c equals 300,000 km (186,000 miles) ... [7 Related Articles]
- Einstein, Albert
- German-born physicist who developed the special and general theories of relativity and won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. Einstein is generally ... [51 Related Articles]
- Einstein, Alfred
- eminent German-American musicologist and critic.
- Einstein, Hannah Bachman
- American social worker who launched a successful campaign to establish municipal, state, and national boards and associations for child welfare.
- einsteinium
- (Es), synthetic chemical element of the actinoid series of the periodic table, atomic number 99. Not occurring in nature, einsteinium (as the isotope einsteinium-253), produced by intense neutron irradiation of ... [1 Related Articles]
- Einthoven, Willem
- Dutch physiologist who was awarded the 1924 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the electrical properties of the heart through the electrocardiograph, which he developed as ... [2 Related Articles]
- Eiron
- (from the article "irony") The term irony has its roots in the Greek comic character Eiron, a clever underdog who by his wit repeatedly triumphs over the boastful character Alazon. The ...
- eironeia
- (from the article "Socrates") Another prominent feature of the personality of Socrates, one that often creates problems about how best to interpret him, is (to use the ancient Greek term) his
- Eisai
- (from the article "Buddhism") ...after the death of his mother and father taught him the transitoriness of life. Unfulfilled by his experience at Mount Tendai, Dogen sought the true path of Buddhism and may ...
- eisangelia
- (from the article "Areopagus") ...and a Boule, a rival council of 400, was set up. The Areopagus nevertheless retained "guardianship of the laws" (perhaps a legislative veto); it tried prosecutions under the law of ...
- Eiselen Commission
- (from the article "education") Concern over African education in the 1940s led to the creation of the Eiselen Commission, whose report in 1951 accorded with the separatist racial views of the government that came ...
- Eiselen, Ernst
- (from the article "gymnastics") ...can be traced to the outdoor playground (Turnplatz) Jahn opened in a field known as the "Hasenheide" (rabbit field) on the outskirts of Berlin. Ernst Eiselen, Jahn's ...
- Eiseley, Loren
- U.S. anthropologist, educator, and author who wrote about anthropology for the lay person in eloquent, poetic style.
- Eiselin, Max
- (from the article "Dhaulagiri") ...world's highest mountains. With a south wall 15,000 feet (4,600 m) high, the peak's steep sides and bitter climate prevented an ascent to the top until May 13, 1960, when ...
- Eiselsberg, Anton, Freiherr von
- Austrian surgeon, teacher, and researcher who carried out important studies in the physiology of the thyroid gland and surgery of the central nervous system.
- Eisen, Arnold
- (from the article "Religion") ...to the U.S. Congress. His electoral victory in the state's 5th district was widely reported in Arab countries and also made him the first African American to be elected to ...
- Eisenach
- city, Thuringia Land (state), central Germany. It lies on the northwestern slopes of the Thuringian Forest, at the confluence of the Horsel and Nesse rivers, west of ... [1 Related Articles]
- Eisenerz
- town, east-central Austria, in the Erzbach Valley, at the northern foot of Erzberg (Ore Mountain; 5,033 feet [1,534 metres]), northwest of Leoben. Iron was mined on Erzberg by terraced open-pit ...
- Eisenhower Doctrine
- (Jan. 5, 1957), in the Cold War period after World War II, U.S. foreign-policy pronouncement by President Dwight D. Eisenhower promising military or economic aid to any Middle Eastern country ... [3 Related Articles]
- Eisenhower Trophy
- golf trophy awarded to the winner of a biennial international amateur competition open to teams of three or four players from all nations. The competition was first held, under sponsorship ...
- Eisenhower, Dwight D.
- 34th president of the United States (1953-61), who had been supreme commander of the Allied forces in western Europe during World War II. (For a discussion of the history and ... [44 Related Articles]
- Eisenhower, Mamie
- American first lady (1953-61), the wife of Dwight "Ike" Eisenhower, 34th president of the United States and supreme commander of the Allied forces in western Europe during World War II. [3 Related Articles]
- Eisenia
- (from the article "annelid") ...behind segments containing the testes or, when 2 pairs of testes are present, in more posterior segment; size, minute to 30-40 cm; examples of genera: Haplotaxis,
- Eisenman, Peter
- American architect known for his radical designs and architectural theories. He is often characterized as a deconstructivist. [2 Related Articles]
- Eisenporzellan
- (from the article "pottery") ...during their researches into the secret of porcelain manufacture. It usually varies from red to dark brown and is the hardest substance of its kind known. An almost black variety ...
- Eisenstadt
- city, capital (since 1925) of Burgenland Bundesland (federal state), eastern Austria. It lies at the southern end of the Leitha Mountains, south of Vienna. Mentioned in 1264, it was a ...
- Eisenstaedt, Alfred
- pioneering German-American photojournalist whose images, many of them for Life magazine, established him as one of the first and most important photojournalists. [3 Related Articles]
- Eisenstein, Ferdinand Gotthold Max
- German mathematician who made important contributions to number theory.
- Eisenstein, Sergey Mikhaylovich
- Russian film director and theorist whose work includes the three film classics Potemkin (1925), Alexander Nevsky (1938), and Ivan the Terrible (released in two parts, 1944 and 1958). In his ... [8 Related Articles]
- Eisleben
- city, Saxony-Anhalt Land (state), central Germany. It is situated in the eastern foothills of the Harz Mountains. First mentioned in 994 as a market called Islebia and ...
- Eisler, Hanns
- (from the article "theatre music") Hanns Eisler, a German-born composer, formed his own theories of film music, based on empirical experience composing in this medium. His published findings recommended short musical forms in a film ...
- Eisner, Kurt
- German socialist journalist and statesman who organized the Socialist Revolution that overthrew the monarchy in Bavaria (1918). [1 Related Articles]
- Eisner, Michael
- (from the article "Disney Company") During a bitter board of directors' dispute in 1984, Michael Eisner wrested power from Miller and, as chairman of the board and company CEO, began a further expansion of the ...
- Eisner, Will
- American comic-book artist (b. March 6, 1917, Brooklyn, N.Y.-d. Jan. 3, 2005, Fort Lauderdale, Fla.), created the influential comic strip The Spirit and was generally regarded as the inventor of ... [1 Related Articles]
- Eisstockschiessen
- a game played on ice in the winter and on asphalt or other surfaces during the rest of the year, similar to curling and shuffleboard. The game became popular in ...
- eisteddfod
- formal assembly of Welsh bards and minstrels that originated in the traditions of court bards of medieval times. The modern National Eisteddfod, revived in the 19th century and held each ... [5 Related Articles]
- Eitner, Robert
- German musicologist, editor, and bibliographer.
- ejaculation
- the release of sperm cells and seminal plasma from the male reproductive system. Ejaculation takes place in two phases: in the first, or emission, stage, sperm are moved from the ... [4 Related Articles]
- ejaculatory duct
- either of two hollow tubes, each formed by union of the ampulla of a ductus deferens (q.v.) and the excretory duct of a seminal vesicle (q.v.). The ducts, which open ... [2 Related Articles]
- ejaculatory impotence
- (from the article "impotence") In ejaculatory impotence, the male achieves an erection but cannot reach orgasm in the partner's vagina. The erection may be maintained for long periods, even long after the female partner ...
- ejecta
- (from the article "Mars") Rampart and pedestal craters may be unique to Mars. A rampart crater is so named because the lobes of ejecta-the material thrown out from the crater and extending around it-are ...
- ejecta
- (from the article "mountain ecosystem") ...Soil is virtually absent on rocky peaks and ridges. However, because of the cool, wet climate, many mountain areas accumulate peat, which creates local deep, wet, acidic soils. In volcanic ...
- ejecta blanket
- (from the article "Mercury") Two types of terrain surround Caloris-the basin rim and the basin ejecta terrains. The rim consists of a ring of irregular mountain blocks approaching 3 km (2 miles) in height, ...
- ejection fraction
- (from the article "cardiovascular disease") ...This increase in size of the ventricular cavity (called ventricular dilation), however, also results in a reduction in the percentage of the left ventricular volume of blood that is ejected ...
- ejective
- (from the article "phonetics") ...it can act like a piston pushing or pulling the air in the pharynx. This is the glottalic airstream mechanism. When there is an upward movement of the closed glottis ...
- ejectment
- in Anglo-American property law, legal action for recovery of land from one wrongfully in possession and monetary compensation for his unlawful detention of the land. [1 Related Articles]
- ejectosome
- (from the article "algae") ...Dinophyceae has harpoonlike trichocysts beneath the cell surface that can explode from a disturbed or irritated cell. Trichocysts may serve to attach prey to algae cells before the prey is ...
- ejido
- in Mexico, village lands communally held in the traditional Indian system of land tenure that combines communal ownership with individual use. The ejido consists of cultivated land, pastureland, other uncultivated ... [5 Related Articles]
- ejiri
- (from the article "art, African") The Niger delta is occupied by Ijo fishermen, whose masks for the cults of the water spirits are made in the form of aquatic animals, especially hippopotamus and crocodile. The ...
- Ejmiadzin
- city, west-central Armenia. It lies on the plain of the Aras River, 12 miles (20 km) west of Yerevan. Ejmiadzin is the seat of the supreme catholicos, or primate, of ... [2 Related Articles]
- eka-thallium
- (from the article "Physical Sciences") In 2004 scientists in the United States and Russia announced the synthesis of two new superheavy elements, elements 113 and 115. Their interim names pending the confirmation of their discovery ...
- Ekeberg, Anders Gustav
- Swedish chemist who in 1802 discovered the element tantalum. After graduation from the University of Uppsala (1788) and travels in Germany, Ekeberg returned to Uppsala and began teaching (1794), introducing ... [1 Related Articles]
- Ekelof, Gunnar
- outstanding Swedish poet and essayist. [1 Related Articles]
- Ekelund, Vilhelm
- (from the article "Swedish literature") Several of the best Swedish writers were connected with the development of lyric poetry. One of the most notable, Vilhelm Ekelund, was in his youth the chief exponent of Symbolism ...
- Eket
- (from the article "Ibibio") ...of Efik-Ibibio, a language now grouped within the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family. The Ibibio comprise the following major divisions: Efik, Northern (Enyong), Southern (Eket), Delta (Andoni-Ibeno), Western ...
- Ekhof, Konrad
- actor and director who, with Caroline Neuber and Friedrich Schroder, was a major influence in the development of a German theatrical tradition. [1 Related Articles]
- Ekibastuz
- city and major opencut coal-mining centre in northeastern Kazakhstan, on the Ertis-Qaraghandy Canal. Coal was discovered in the region in 1876 and was mined on a small scale. Only after ...
- ekistics
- science of human settlements. Ekistics involves the descriptive study of all kinds of human settlements and the formulation of general conclusions aimed at achieving harmony between the inhabitants of a ...
- Ekkehard I the Elder
- teacher, monk, hymnist, and poet whom some scholars regard as the author of Waltharius, a celebrated Latin heroic poem based on the life of King Walter of Aquitaine.
- Ekkehard IV
- teacher, glossarist, writer, famous as one of the principal authors of Casus Sancti Galli ("The Events of Sankt Gallen [St. Gall]")-an important history of the monastery.
- Ekman current meter
- (from the article "Ekman, V Walfrid") ...he joined the staff of the International Laboratory for Oceanographic Research in Oslo, where he remained until 1909. During those years he proved to be a skilled inventor and experimentalist. ...
- Ekman Layer
- (from the article "ocean current") Vertical oceanic circulation is far less dramatic but is important because it brings up deep ocean waters and moves down surface waters. The wind-driven currents are confined to the Ekman ...
- Ekman reversing water bottle
- (from the article "Ekman, V Walfrid") ...to be a skilled inventor and experimentalist. The Ekman current meter, an instrument with a simple and reliable mechanism, has been used, with subsequent improvements, to the present, while the ...
- Ekman spiral
- (from the article "ocean") ...direction following a spiral form, becoming antiparallel to the surface flow at the base of the layer where the speed is 123 of the surface speed. This so-called Ekman spiral ...
- Ekman transport
- (from the article "ocean") ...layer moves at an angle of 90° to the wind; this movement is to the right of the wind direction in the Northern Hemisphere and to its left in the ...
- Ekman, Gosta
- Swedish actor and director noted for his versatility on stage and screen.
- Ekman, V Walfrid
- Swedish physical oceanographer best known for his studies of the dynamics of ocean currents. The common oceanographic terms Ekman layer, denoting certain oceanic or atmospheric layers occurring at various interfaces; ... [1 Related Articles]
- Ekofisk
- group of Norwegian offshore natural-gas and oil fields located in the North Sea about 180 miles (290 km) southwest of Norway, halfway between Norway and the United Kingdom. The Ekofisk ...
- Ekoi
- group of peoples situated in extreme southeastern Nigeria and extending eastward into neighbouring Cameroon. Ekoid Bantu languages are spoken by many groups, including the Atam, Boki, Mbembe, Ufia, and Yako. ... [1 Related Articles]
- Ekpe society
- (from the article "Calabar") ...depot. Duke Town and the other Efik settlements near Calabar-Creek Town, Henshaw Town, and Obutong (Old Town)-were forcibly united into the loosely knit state of Old Calabar by the Ekpe ...
- ekpu
- (from the article "art, African") Among the oldest sculptures of tropical Africa are several hundred ancestor figures, called ekpu, of the Ibibio coastal trade centre of Oron, some of which are thought to date from ...
- Ekrem, Recaizade Mahmud
- writer who was one of the outstanding figures in 19th-century Turkish literature.
- Ekron
- ancient Canaanite and Philistine city, one of the five cities of the Philistine pentapolis, and currently identified with Tel Miqne (Arabic: Khirbat al-Muqanna'), south of the settlement of Mazkeret Batya, ...
- Ekstrom, Goran
- (from the article "Earth Sciences") ...prospect that a major meltdown and accompanying rise in sea levels might be accomplished much faster than many scientists had expected-in centuries rather than millennia. In the second report Goran ...
- ekthesis
- (Greek: "to expose," or "to set forth"), in logic, process used by Aristotle to establish the validity of certain propositions or syllogisms. For example, in the Analytica priora he argued: ...
- Ekwan
- (from the article "Madhyamika") ...(as the San-lun, or Three Treatises, school) in the 6th-7th century by Chi-tsang. The school spread to Korea and was first transmitted to Japan, as Sanron, in 625 by the ...
- Ekwensi, Cyprian
- Igbo novelist, short-story writer, and children's author whose strength lies in his realistic depiction of the forces that have shaped the African city dweller. [1 Related Articles]
- El
- the general term for "deity" in Semitic languages as well as the name of the chief deity of the West Semites. In the ancient texts from Ras Shamra (ancient Ugarit) ... [8 Related Articles]
- El Al Israel Airlines
- Israeli airline founded by Israel in November 1948 after the establishment of the new nation. It flew its first commercial scheduled flights-to Rome and Paris-in July 1949, and by the ...
- El Arbolillo
- (from the article "Middle American Indian") ...styles were formed, and the transition from small villages to ceremonial towns of 5,000 inhabitants was completed. The archaeological evidence of this may be seen in the central valley of ...
- El Argar
- culture characterized by a flourishing metallurgy of bronze, silver, and gold that appeared at the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC in the Almeria (southeastern) region of the Iberian Peninsula. ... [2 Related Articles]
- El Avila National Park
- (from the article "Principal national parks of the world") ...y Capanaparo (1988), each of which has an area greater than 2,250 square miles (5,800 square km). Los Roques archipelago, famous for its bird and marine species, was made a ...
- El Banco
- city, northern Colombia, at the junction of the Magdalena and Cesar rivers. The conquistador Gonzalo Jimenez de Quezada arrived at the site in 1537 and found the Indian village of ...
- El Callao
- town, Bolivar estado (state), eastern Venezuela, on the right bank of the Yuruari River, about 135 miles (272 km) east-southeast of Ciudad Bolivar in the Venezuelan Guiana Highlands. The town ...
- El Capitan
- (from the article "Yosemite National Park") ...notably the Yosemite Valley of the Merced River. The valley features a number of attractions, such as sheer rock walls, Yosemite Falls, and huge domes and peaks. The greatest of ...
- El Centro
- city, seat (1907) of Imperial county, southeastern California, U.S. It lies 120 miles (200 km) east of San Diego and 10 miles (16 km) north of Mexicali, Mexico. A desert ...
- El Cerrito
- city, Contra Costa county, California, U.S. El Cerrito lies on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay, north of Oakland and 15 miles (25 km) northeast of San Francisco via ...
- El Colegio Penstock Tunnel
- (from the article "tunnels and underground excavations") ...the 7.2-mile Mont Blanc Vehicular Tunnel of 32-foot size under the Alps in 1959-63, a pilot bore ahead helped greatly to reduce rock bursts by relieving the high geostress. The ...
- El Dorado
- city, seat (1843) of Union county, southern Arkansas, U.S., 100 miles (160 km) south of Little Rock. The site was selected in 1843 by county commissioners Robert Black, John Hampton, ...
- El Escorial
- village, western Madrid provincia (province) and comunidad autonoma (autonomous community), central Spain, in the Guadarrama mountains, 26 miles (42 km) northwest of Madrid. It ... [4 Related Articles]
- El Escorial library
- (from the article "El Escorial") El Escorial library, founded by Philip II, houses a rare collection of more than 4,700 manuscripts, many of them illuminated, and 40,000 printed books. Pop. (2005) 13,768.library development
|
|
