Australian-born South African physical anthropologist and paleontologist whose discoveries of fossil hominins (members of the human lineage) led to significant insights into human evolution.
any of about 100 species of small, slender freshwater fishes constituting the subfamily Etheostominae of the family Percidae (order Perciformes; sometimes given family standing as the Etheostomidae). All the darters ...
town and borough (district), administrative and historic county of Kent, England. It lies along the south bank of the River Thames, just east of and adjoining the metropolitan area of ...
wild upland area in the west of the county of Devon, southwestern England. It extends for about 23 miles (37 km) north-south and 20 miles (32 km) east-west. The moorland ...
breed of pony about 12 hands (48 inches, or 122 cm) tall, hardy, and semiwild in its native Dartmoor, Devon, Eng. It is one of nine horse breeds native to ...
city, Halifax county, south-central Nova Scotia, Canada. It lies on the eastern side of Halifax Harbour, opposite Halifax. The origin of the town's name is uncertain; it was named either ...
town ("parish"), South Hams district, administrative and historic county of Devon, England. It lies along the English Channel and the west bank of the River Dart estuary. A yachting centre, ...
town (township), Bristol county, southeastern Massachusetts, U.S. It lies along Buzzards Bay, adjacent to New Bedford. The site, part of a land purchase made by William Bradford and Captain Myles ...
U.S. Supreme Court case in which the court held that the charter of Dartmouth College granted in 1769 by King George III of England was a contract and, as such, ...
indoor target game played by throwing feathered darts at a circular board with numbered spaces. The game became popular in English inns and taverns in the 19th century and increasingly ...
capital and chief port of Northern Territory, Australia. It is situated on a low peninsula northeast of the entrance to its harbour, Port Darwin, a deep inlet of Clarence Strait ...
submarine topographic rise underlying a vast area of the western and central Pacific, corresponding in location to a large topographic rise that existed during the Mesozoic Era (65,000,000 to 225,000,000 ...
(Rhinoderma darwinii), a small Argentinian and Chilean frog that is one of the few species in the family Rhinodermatidae. Charles Darwin discovered the frog on his world voyage.
English naturalist whose theory of evolution by natural selection became the foundation of modern evolutionary studies. An affable country gentleman, Darwin at first shocked religious Victorian society by suggesting that ...
theory of the evolutionary mechanism propounded by Charles Darwin as an explanation of organic change. It denotes Darwin's specific view of how the process of evolution works.
largest and finest diamond in the crown jewels of Iran. A pale-pink, tablet-shaped stone weighing about 185 carats, it is from Golconda, Andhra Pradesh, India. Inscribed on a rear facet ...
member of an aboriginal people in India encountered and embattled by the invading Aryans (c. 1500 BC). They were described by the Aryans as a dark-skinned, harsh-spoken people who worshiped ...
collection of writings attributed to Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth and last spiritual leader of the Sikhs, a religious group in India. Dasam Granth is a short title for Dasven ...
Hindu philosopher noted for his authoritative History of Indian Philosophy (5 vol., 1922-55). His philosophical system, developed from his studies of Eastern and Western thought, synthesized aspects of Vedantic literature, ...
Hindu Saiva ascetic who belongs to one of the 10 orders (dasnami, "ten names") established by the philosopher Sankara in the 8th century AD and still flourishing in India today. ...
Norwegian poet who, in an age of pedantry and artifice, stands out among his contemporaries for the vivid freshness, everyday language, and common appeal of his works. He is the ...
French company with major aerospace-related subsidiaries specializing in the production of military and civil aircraft; computer-based design, manufacturing, and product-management systems; and aviation simulators. Its primary subsidiary, founded by French ...
a medium-sized rodent adapted to life among rocky outcrops in the desert hills and plateaus of southwestern Africa. The dassie rat weighs 170 to 300 grams (6 to 11 ounces) ...
in the art music of Iran, a set of notes, their special characteristics, and an associated group of traditional melodies that constitute a basis for improvised performance. The dastgah and ...
a leading Indian Mughal artist, cited by Abu-ul-Fazl 'Allami, the historiographer of the emperor Akbar's court, as having surpassed all painters to become "the first master of the age."
any member of a family (Dasyuridae) of marsupial mammals that includes the native cats, marsupial mice and rats, and their allies. All of the approximately 50 species occur in New ...
the process of reducing the amount of data needed for the storage or transmission of a given piece of information, typically by the use of encoding techniques. Compression predates digital ...
the process of disguising information as "ciphertext," or data unintelligible to an unauthorized person. Conversely, decryption, or decipherment, is the process of converting ciphertext back into its original format. Manual ...
any collection of data, or information, that is specially organized for rapid search and retrieval by a computer. Databases are structured to facilitate the storage, retrieval, modification, and deletion of ...
city, northern Akita ken (prefecture), northern Honshu, Japan, on the Yoneshiro River. As a castle town during the Edo (Tokugawa) era (1603-1867), it served as a market ...
(Phoenix dactylifera), tree of the palm family (Arecaceae, or Palmae), found in the Canary Islands, northern Africa, the Middle East, Pakistan, India, and the U.S. state of ...
city, north-central Madhya Pradesh state, central India. It takes its name from Dantavakra, a mythological demon ruler of the area. The city is a major road and rail junction and ...
in geology, determining a chronology or calendar of events in the history of the Earth, using to a large degree the evidence of organic evolution in the sedimentary rocks accumulated ...
Italian international merchant and banker whose business and private papers, preserved in Prato, constitute one of the most important archives of the economic history of the Middle Ages.
family of the begonia order (Begoniales) of flowering plants, with three genera. The two species of Octomeles, among the tallest trees in the ebony forests of Malaysia, and Tetrameles nudiflora, ...
Spanish statesman, leader of the Conservative Party from 1913 to 1921, and three-time premier. He instituted various reforms but proved unable to deal effectively with unrest or to heal the ...
an uncommon mineral, calcium borosilicate, CaBSiO4(OH), that occurs as white or colourless veins and cavity linings in basic igneous rocks and in metallic-ore veins. Some notable deposits exist in the ...
genus of plants of the potato family Solanaceae (q.v.; order Solanales), several species of which are collected for use as drugs and others of which are cultivated for their large, ...
French painter whose landscapes introduced into the naturalism of the mid-19th century an overriding concern for the accurate analysis and depiction of natural light through the use of colour, greatly ...
Afghan politician who overthrew the monarchy of Mohammad Zahir Shah in 1973 to establish Afghanistan as a republic. He served as the country's president from 1973 to 1978.
French journalist and novelist, the most virulent and bitterly satirical polemicist of his generation in France, whose literary reputation rests largely upon his journalistic work and his vivid memoirs.
city, southeastern Latvia. It lies along the Western Dvina (Daugava) River. In the 1270s the Brothers of the Sword, a branch of the Teutonic Knights, founded the fortress of Dunaburg, ...
patriotic society organized October 11, 1890, and chartered by Congress December 2, 1896. Membership is limited to direct lineal descendants of soldiers or others of the Revolutionary period who aided ...
village and ancient city, Maharashtra state, western India. Founded in the late 12th century by King Bhillam of the Yadava dynasty, it was a major fortress and administrative centre in ...
prolific French caricaturist, painter, and sculptor especially renowned for his cartoons and drawings satirizing 19th-century French politics and society. His paintings, though hardly known during his lifetime, helped introduce techniques ...
title of the eldest son of a king of France, the heir apparent to the French crown, from 1350 to 1830. The title was established by the royal house of ...
county, central Pennsylvania, U.S., bounded to the north by Mahantango Creek, to the west by the Susquehanna River, and to the south by Conewago Creek. The topography rises from a ...
town, southwestern Manitoba, Canada. It lies along the Vermilion River just west of Dauphin Lake, 201 miles (323 km) by road northwest of Winnipeg. The French trader and explorer La ...
island in the Gulf of Mexico, at the entrance to Mobile Bay off the southwest coast of Alabama, U.S., about 30 miles (50 km) south of Mobile. Included in Mobile ...
historic and cultural region encompassing the southeastern French departements of Isere, Hautes-Alpes, and Drome and coextensive with the former province of Dauphine.
western spur of the Cottian Alps (q.v.) in southeastern France, lying between the Arc and Isere river valleys (north) and the upper Durance River valley (south). Many peaks rise to ...
Mongol people living mainly in the eastern portion of Inner Mongolia autonomous region and western Heilongjiang province of China and estimated in the early 21st century to number more than ...
town and traditional emirate, Katsina state, northern Nigeria. The town lies in a savanna zone at the intersection of roads from Katsina town, Kano, Zango, and Zinder (Niger). An ancient ...
American nurse and naval officer responsible for preparing the Navy Nurse Corps for World War II and then overseeing the group, who simultaneously worked for parity of rank and pay ...
