| | - dewlap
- (from the article "kouprey") In size, the kouprey falls between the gaur and the somewhat smaller banteng. Its thin, long-legged body also possesses a large dewlap. Its horns-about 80 cm (31.5 inches) long in ...
- Dewsbury
- town in Kirklees metropolitan borough, metropolitan county of West Yorkshire, historic county of Yorkshire, northern England. It lies along the River Calder 9 miles (14 km) south-southwest of Leeds. Dewsbury ...
- Dewson, Mary Williams
- American economist and political organizer, closely associated with the political campaigns and administrative programs of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
- dewy pine
- (from the article "carnivorous plant") ...and muddy or sandy shores where water is at least seasonally abundant and where nitrogenous materials are often scarce or unavailable because of acid or other unfavourable soil conditions. Drosophyllum ...
- dexamethasone
- (from the article "steroid") ...appear in various combinations in anti-inflammatory steroids, many of which, however, lack the salt-retaining activity necessary for total adrenal-replacement therapy. Cortisol analogs, such as dexamethasone, are used to treat many ...
- Dexippus, Publius Herennius
- Roman historian and Athenian statesman, one of the principal authorities for the history of the mid-3rd century AD. [2 Related Articles]
- dexter
- (from the article "heraldry") The terms dexter and sinister mean merely "right" and "left." A shield is understood to be as if held by a user whom the beholder is facing. Thus the side ...
- Dexter, John
- British director of stage plays and operas.
- Dextra, Zacharias
- (from the article "pottery") ...the first firing, and the red was applied afterward and fired at a lower temperature. Gilding is found on the finer specimens and required a further firing. Overglaze colours were ...
- dextran
- (from the article "Some compounds produced by bacteria on an industrial scale") Dextrans, a group of polysaccharides composed of glucose, are secreted by certain strains of bacteria as slimes. The structure of an individual dextran varies with the strain of microorganism. Dextrans ...
- dextrin
- (from the article "cereal processing") ...chain amylose but is unable to attack most of the branch chain amylopectin. If only beta-amylase is present, maltose is produced, together with a residue of the amylopectin portion, or ...
- dextroamphetamine
- (from the article "amphetamine") ...with an acrid taste and a faint odour; the most widely used preparation of the drug is amphetamine sulfate, marketed under the name Benzedrine, a white powder with a slightly ...
- dextromethorphan
- synthetic drug related to morphine and used in medicine as a cough suppressant. The hydrobromide salt of dextromethorphan occurs as white crystals or a white crystalline powder, soluble in water, ...
- dextromethorphan hydrobromide
- (from the article "dextromethorphan") synthetic drug related to morphine and used in medicine as a cough suppressant. The hydrobromide salt of dextromethorphan occurs as white crystals or a white crystalline powder, soluble in water, ...
- dextrorotatory
- (from the article "optical activity") ...is assigned a positive value if it is clockwise with respect to an observer facing the light source, negative if counterclockwise. A substance with a positive specific rotation is described ...
- dextrose equivalent
- (from the article "cereal processing") ...to complete the change to dextrose. Modern syrups and crystalline dextrose are made by continuous processes. The degree of conversion of the starch into the sugar dextrose is expressed as ...
- dey
- in the Ottoman provinces of Algiers and Tunis, an honorary title conferred upon exceptionally able corsair leaders; also, a lower rank of officer in the Janissaries. In late 16th-century Tunis, ... [2 Related Articles]
- Deyssel, Lodewijk van
- leading Dutch writer and critic of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
- Deyverdun, Georges
- (from the article "Gibbon, Edward") In the latter part of his exile Gibbon entered more freely into Lausanne society. He attended Voltaire's parties. He formed an enduring friendship with a young Swiss, Georges Deyverdun, and ...
- Dez Dam
- (from the article "Dezful") ...region's nomadic population; it connects by road with the highland and with Ahvaz. The Trans-Iranian Railway stops on the other side of the river, and there is an airfield. The ...
- Dez River
- (from the article "Karun River") ...only 180 miles (290 km). Its catchment basin up to Ahvaz has an area of 22,069 square miles (57,059 square km), of which 7,000 square miles (18,130 square km) belong ...
- Dezful
- city, southwestern Iran. It lies on the high left bank of the Dez River, 469 feet (143 metres) in elevation, close to the foothills of the Zagros Mountains. The name, ...
- Dezhnyov, Cape
- cape, extreme eastern Russia. Cape Dezhnyov is the easternmost point of the Chukchi Peninsula and of the entire Eurasian landmass. It is separated from Cape Prince of Wales in Alaska ...
- Dezhnyov, Semyon Ivanov
- Russian explorer, the first European known to have sailed through the Bering Strait. [2 Related Articles]
- Dezhou
- city, northwestern Shandong sheng (province), northeast-central China. It is located on the Southern (Yongji) Canal, just east of the Wei River and the border with Hebei province.
- Dezong
- temple name (miaohao) of the 10th emperor (reigned 779-805) of the Tang dynasty and the only emperor in the latter half of the dynasty to reign more ... [2 Related Articles]
- Dfa climate
- (from the article "climate") ...of this convective activity, although more uniform patterns are not uncommon. Severe thunderstorms and tornadoes are an early summer occurrence when the polar front is in the southern margin of ...
- Dga'-ldan
- leader of the Dzungar tribes of Mongols (reigned 1676-97). He conquered an empire that included Tibet in the southwest and ranged across Central Asia to the borders of Russia on ... [3 Related Articles]
- Dga'-ldan Monastery
- (from the article "Tibet") ...the moral and philosophical ideas of Atisa rather than the magic and mysticism of Sa-skya-though he did not discard the latter entirely. In 1409 he founded his own monastery at ...
- Dge-'dun-grub-pa
- (from the article "Dalai Lama") The first of the line was Dge-'dun-grub-pa (1391-1475), founder and abbot of Tashilhunpo monastery (central Tibet). In accordance with the belief in reincarnate lamas, which began to develop in the ...
- Dge-'dun-rgya-mtsho
- (from the article "Dalai Lama") The second head of the Dge-lugs-pa order, Dge-'dun-rgya-mtsho (1475-1542), became the head abbot of the 'Bras-spungs (Drepung) monastery on the outskirts of Lhasa, which thenceforward was the principal seat of ...
- Dge-lugs-pa
- since the 17th century, the predominant Buddhist order in Tibet and the sect of the Dalai and Panchen lamas. [16 Related Articles]
- DGI
- the secret intelligence agency of Cuba. The agency was established with the help of the Soviet KGB in 1961, following Fidel Castro's rise to power. The DGI provided Castro with ...
- Dgra-lha skyes-gcig-bu
- (from the article "Five Great Kings") ...resides in the eastern quarter, is black and rides a white lioness; (4) Shing-bya-can, the "king of virtue," who resides in the southern quarter, is black and rides a black ...
- DGSE
- ("External Documentation and Counterespionage Service"), secret intelligence and counterintelligence service that operates under the defense ministry of the French government. This agency was established in 1947 to combine under one ... [1 Related Articles]
- dgu-gtor
- (from the article "Tibet") ...the Dge-lugs-pa sect, is celebrated on the 25th day of the 10th month by the burning of butter lamps on the roofs and windowsills of every house. This festival is ...
- Dhahran
- town, northeastern Saudi Arabia. It is located in the Dammam oil field, just south of the Persian Gulf port of Al-Dammam and near the site of the original discovery of ... [1 Related Articles]
- Dhaka
- city and capital of Bangladesh, located just north of the Buriganga River, a channel of the Dhaleswari, in the south-central part of the country. Its name is said to refer ... [7 Related Articles]
- Dhamar
- town, western Yemen, lying in the Yemen Highlands, in a valley 12 miles (19 km) wide between two volcanic peaks at 8,000 feet (2,400 metres) above sea level. Although local ...
- dhamar
- (from the article "South Asian arts") Some of the North Indian musical forms are very like the South Indian. The vocal forms dhrupad and dhamar resemble the ragam-tanam-pallavi. They begin with an elaborate alapa followed by ...
- dhamma-mahamatta
- (from the article "Buddhism") ...for human beings and beasts, maintained reservoirs and canals, and promoted trade. He established a system of dhamma officers (dhamma-mahamattas) in order to help ...
- Dhammakaya
- (from the article "Buddhism") Two new Buddhist groups, Santi Asoke (founded 1975) and Dhammakaya, are especially interesting. Santi Asoke, a lay-oriented group that advocates stringent discipline, moral rectitude, and political reform, has been very ...
- Dhammakitti
- (from the article "Culavamsa") The portion of the Culavamsa dealing with Ceylon's history until the late 12th century was probably written by the Buddhist monk Dhammakitti in the 13th century. Succeeding portions, although they ...
- Dhammapada
- probably the best-known book in the Pali Buddhist canon. It is an anthology of basic Buddhist teachings (primarily ethical teachings) in a simple aphoristic style. As the second text in ... [2 Related Articles]
- Dhammapala
- (from the article "Buddhism") Dhammapala, who probably came from southern India, is credited with the writing of numerous commentaries, including the Paramattha dipani (Pali: "Elucidation of the True Meaning"), a commentary ...
- Dhammayut
- (from the article "monasticism") ...structure. In the Theravada Buddhist order (sangha) of Thailand, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka, men join a monastery for an unspecified period of time. The Dhammayut, the smaller ...
- Dhamtari
- town, eastern Chhattisgarh state, central India, just west of the Mahanadi River. The town is a rail-spur terminus and trade centre for agricultural and forest products. Rice and flour milling ...
- Dhanabhuti
- (from the article "Bharhut") ...the beginning of the 1st century BC four stone gateways (toranas), each elaborately carved, were added to the entrances. An inscription on these gateways assigns the work to King Dhanabhuti ...
- Dhanananda
- (from the article "Nanda dynasty") ...genealogy of the Nanda dynasty is perfunctory in the Puranas, which mention only Sukalpa (Sahalya, Sumalya), while the Buddhist text Mahabodhivamsa enumerates eight names. Dhanananda, the last of this list, ...
- Dhanbad
- city, eastern Jharkhand state, northeastern India. It lies in the Damodar River valley near the Jharia coalfield and is an important agricultural-trade centre. The Indian School of Mines, affiliated with ...
- Dhanga
- (from the article "India") The Candellas, whose kingdom comprised mainly Bundelkhand, were feudatories of the Pratiharas. Among the important rulers was Dhanga (reigned c. 950-1008), who issued a large number of inscriptions and was ...
- Dhanvantari
- in Hindu mythology, the physician of the gods. According to legend, the gods and the demons sought the elixir amrta by churning the milky ocean, and Dhanvantari rose out of ... [1 Related Articles]
- Dhanya Manikya
- (from the article "Tripura") ...The Rajamala, written in Bengali verse, was compiled by the Brahmans in the court of Dharma Manikya. During his reign and that of his successor, Dhanya Manikya (reigned c. 1463-1515), ...
- Dhar
- town, western Madhya Pradesh state, central India. The town, a major agricultural centre, is connected by road with Indore. Cotton ginning and handicraft weaving are the chief industries. On the ...
- dharana
- (from the article "Yoga") The first five stages are called external aids to Yoga; the remaining three are purely mental or internal aids. Dharana ("holding on") is the ability to hold and confine awareness ...
- Dharani
- (from the article "Laksmi") ...dwarf Vamana, she appeared from a lotus and was known as Padma, or Kamala; when he was the ax-wielding Parasurama, the destroyer of the warrior caste, she was his wife ...
- dharani
- in Buddhism and Hinduism, a sacred Sanskrit phrase of great efficacy, used as a verbal protective device or talisman and as a support or instrument for concentration. The [1 Related Articles]
- dharma
- (from the article "ajiva") ..."nonliving substance," as opposed to jiva, "soul" or "living matter." Ajiva is divided into: (1) akasa, "space," (2) dharma, "that which makes motion possible," (3) adharma, "that which makes rest ...
- dharma
- key concept with multiple meanings in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. [17 Related Articles]
- Dharma Manikya
- (from the article "Tripura") ...described in the Rajamala, a chronicle of the supposed early kings (maharajas) of Tripura, and the period since about 1431-62, the reigning years of the great king Dharma Manikya. The ...
- dharma raja
- (from the article "Bhutan") ...Bhutan are obscure. It is reported that some four to five centuries ago an influential lama from Tibet, Sheptoon La-Pha, became the king of Bhutan and acquired the title of ...
- dharma-dhatu
- (from the article "Buddhism") ...but was replaced with simpler doctrines because it proved incomprehensible to his hearers. The sutra tells of the pilgrimage of a young man in a quest to realize
- dharma-kaya
- (from the article "Christianity") ...the most challenging philosophical issues are raised by Buddhism. The belief in God as the personal ultimate is challenged by the idea of the ultimacy of the nonpersonal
- Dharma-puja
- (from the article "Dharma-Thakur") ...other attributes he is a fertility god and a healer of disease. Worship of Dharma-Thakur is correlated with sun worship, and Dharma-Thakur's annual worship, known as Dharma-puja, has been described ...
- Dharma-Thakur
- folk deity of eastern India having complex characteristics and obscure origins. Dharma-Thakur is worshiped as the "high god" of a large number of villages of the Rahr Plains, a region ... [1 Related Articles]
- dharmacakra
- (from the article "religious symbolism and iconography") ...Religious symbols are used to convey concepts concerned with man's relationship to the sacred or holy (e.g., the cross in Christianity) and also to his social and material world (e.g., ...
- Dharmakirti
- Indian Buddhist philosopher and logician. He asserted that inference and direct perception are the only valid kinds of knowledge and that, in the processes of the mind, cognition and the ... [3 Related Articles]
- dharmamegha
- (from the article "bhumi") ...nirvana), (7) durangama ("far-going"), (8) acala ("immovable"), (9) sadhumati ("good-minded"), and (10) dharmamegha (showered with "clouds of dharma," or universal truth).
- Dharmanagar Valley
- (from the article "Tripura") Central and northern Tripura is a hilly region crossed by four major valleys-from east to west, the Dharmanagar, Kailashahar, Kamalpur, and Khowai-carved out by northward-flowing rivers (the Juri, Manu and ...
- Dharmapala
- (from the article "Buddhism") ...thought in China by the Faxiang school, which was founded by Xuanzang, the 7th-century Chinese pilgrim-translator, and his main disciple, Kuiji. Xuanzang went to India, where he studied the works ...
- Dharmapala
- (from the article "Sri Lanka") Bhuvanaika Bahu was succeeded by his grandson Prince Dharmapala, who was even more dependent on Portuguese support. An agreement between Bhuvanaika Bahu and the king of Portugal in 1543 had ...
- dharmapala
- in Tibetan Buddhism, any one of a group of eight divinities who, though benevolent, are represented as hideous and ferocious in order to instill terror in evil spirits. [1 Related Articles]
- Dharmapala
- (from the article "India") Vatsaraja, a Pratihara ruler who came to the throne about 778, controlled eastern Rajasthan and Malava. His ambition to take Kannauj brought him into conflict with the Pala king, Dharmapala ...
- Dharmapuri
- town, northwestern Tamil Nadu state, southeastern India. It was known in early Tamil cankam literature as the home of the poet Avvaiyar (2nd century AD). It is now an agricultural ...
- Dharmaraja-ratha
- (from the article "South Asian arts") ...(early 7th century), among the earliest examples of their type in southern India, there are here several monolithic temples carved out of the rock, the largest of which is the ...
- Dharmarajika stupa
- (from the article "Taxila") The Dharmarajika stupa, popularly known as the Chir tope, is a circular structure with a raised terrace around its base. A circle of small chapels surround the great stupa. Three ...
- dharmas
- (from the article "dharma") ...Dharma, the Buddha, and the sangha (community of believers) make up the triratna, or "three jewels," to which Buddhists go for refuge. In Buddhist metaphysics the term in the plural ...
- dharmashastra
- ("righteousness science"), ancient Indian body of jurisprudence that is still fundamentally the family law of Hindus living in territories outside India (e.g., Pakistan, Malaysia, East Africa) and is in force, ... [7 Related Articles]
- dharmasutra
- ("righteousness thread"), any of several manuals of human conduct that form the earliest source of Hindu law. They consist chiefly of strings (or "threads") of terse rules containing the essentials ... [3 Related Articles]
- Dharmavamsa
- also spelled Dharmawangsja, or Dharmawangsa king of eastern Java from about 985 and the first historical Javanese whose life is known in any detail. [1 Related Articles]
- Dharmottara
- (from the article "Indian philosophy") ...by Dignaga, a 5th-century logician, as a definition belonging to his earlier realistic phase. Vasubandhu defined "inference" as a knowledge of an object through its mark, but Dharmottara, an 8th-century ...
- Dharmshala
- city, western Himachal Pradesh state, northwestern India, located on a lower slope of the Himalayas. Dharmshala is a scenic health resort. Aerated water is bottled there, and slate is quarried ... [1 Related Articles]
- Dharwad
- (from the article "Hubli-Dharwad") ...Southern Railway, it has railway workshops and is also a major road junction. Its colleges of commerce, law, medicine, and engineering and technology are affiliated with Karnatak University in Dharwad.
- Dharwar craton
- (from the article "Precambrian time") ...or blocks. Some examples include: the North Atlantic craton that incorporates northwestern Scotland, central Greenland, and Labrador; the Kaapvaal and Zimbabwean cratons in southern Africa; the Dharwar craton in India; ...
- dhatu
- (from the article "Buddhism") ...khandhas), the 12 bases (Pali and Sanskrit: ayatanas), and the 18 sensory elements (Pali and Sanskrit: dhatus). The 5 skandhas are ...
- Dhatusena
- (from the article "Sri Lanka") A Pandyan invasion from southern India put an end to this dynasty and, briefly, to Sinhalese rule in 432. Dhatusena (reigned 459-477) defeated the Pandyas and reestablished Sinhalese rule with ...
- Dhaulagiri
- mountain massif of the Himalayas in north-central Nepal, on the western side of the deep Kali Gandak River gorge. Many of its snow- and glacier-covered peaks exceed 25,000 feet (7,620 ...
- Dhaulagiri I
- (from the article "Dhaulagiri") ...massif of the Himalayas in north-central Nepal, on the western side of the deep Kali Gandak River gorge. Many of its snow- and glacier-covered peaks exceed 25,000 feet (7,620 m), ...
- Dhauli
- (from the article "South Asian arts") The lion was the animal most often represented, but figures of elephants and bulls are also known. At Dhauli in Orissa, the fore part of an elephant is carved out ...
- Dhebar Lake
- large reservoir lake, in the southeastern Aravalli Range, south-central Rajasthan state, northwestern India. The lake, approximately 20 square miles (50 square km) in area when full, was originally named Jai ...
- Dhegiha
- (from the article "Osage") ...linguistic stock. The name Osage is a French alliteration of the name Wazhazhe, one of the two ancient kin groups (the other was the Tsishu) from which the tribe descended. ...
- Dhegiha language
- (from the article "Omaha") North American Indian people of the Dhegiha branch of the Siouan language stock. It is thought that Dhegiha speakers, which include the Osage, Ponca, Kansa, and Quapaw as well as ...
- Dhekelia
- British military enclave in southeast Cyprus, retained as a "sovereignty base area" by the United Kingdom under the 1959 London Agreement granting independence to Cyprus. It is located northeast of ... [1 Related Articles]
- Dhelki
- (from the article "Kharia") The Dudh are the most numerous and progressive branch; they live along the Sankh and South Koel rivers. The Dhelki are concentrated near Gangpur. Both live in settled villages, and ...
- Dhenkanal
- town, east-central Orissa state, eastern India. Named for Dhenka, a medieval chieftain of the Savara (Saora, or Sora) tribe, Dhenkanal is a marketplace for rice, oilseeds, and timber and is ...
- dhess
- (from the article "Morocco") ...the Sais Plain surrounding Meknes and Fes, supports productive vineyards and can also produce good cereal yields, though it has poor moisture retention. Dhess is the main ...
- dhikr
- (Arabic: "reminding oneself," or "mention"), ritual prayer or litany practiced by Muslim mystics (Sufis) for the purpose of glorifying God and achieving spiritual perfection. Based on the Qur'anic injunctions "Remind ... [6 Related Articles]
- Dhikti Mountains
- (from the article "Greece") ...Mountains; the central Idhi (or Psiloritis) Mountains, with Crete's highest point, the summit of Mount Idhi, Stavros, 8,058 feet (2,456 metres) high; the east-central Dhikti Mountains; and the far eastern ...
- Dhiliyiannis, Theodoros
- Dhiliyiannis also spelled Deligiannis, or Diliyiannis politician who was prime minister of Greece five times (1885-86, 1890-92, 1895-97, 1902-03, 1904-05). He was a resolute advocate of aggressive and often irresponsible ... [2 Related Articles]
- dhimmah
- (from the article "Islamic world") ...and Christian groups. Because they were seen, unlike pagans, to have formed ummahs of their own around a revelation from God, Jews and Christians were entitled to pay for protection ...
- Dhir Mal
- (from the article "Sikhism") ...children. The eldest son, Gurditta, who was evidently his favourite for the position, had predeceased him, and none of the remaining five seemed suitable for the position. The older son ...
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