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Dee, River ... Delane, John Thaddeus
Dee, River
river in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, rising at an elevation above 4,000 feet (1,250 metres) in the Cairngorm Mountains and flowing for about 90 miles (145 km) east to the North Sea ...
deep-scattering layer
horizontal zone of living organisms, usually schools of fish, occurring below the surface in many ocean areas, so called because the layer scatters or reflects sound waves, causing echoes in ...
deep-sea fish
in general, any species of fishes (class Osteichthyes) that are found at extreme ocean depths, usually more than 600 m and even to as much as 2,700 m (2,000 to ...
deep-sea trench
any long, narrow, steep-sided depression in the ocean bottom in which maximum oceanic depths (approximately 7,300 to more than 11,000 m [24,000 to 36,000 feet]) occur. The deepest known depression ...
deer
(family Cervidae), any of the ruminant mammals (order Artiodactyla) having two large and two small hooves on each foot and having antlers in the males of most species and in ...
deer mouse
any of 53 species of small rodents found in a variety of habitats from Alaska and northern Canada southward to western Panama. They have bulging eyes and large ears, weigh ...
Deer, The Book of
illuminated manuscript written in Latin, probably in the 9th century, at a monastery founded by St. Columba at Deer Abbey (now in Aberdeenshire, Scotland) and containing 12th-century additions in Latin ...
Deere & Company
major American manufacturer of farm machinery and industrial equipment. It is headquartered in Moline, Ill.
Deere, John
pioneer American inventor and manufacturer of agricultural implements.
Deerfield Beach
city, Broward county, southeastern Florida, U.S., on the Atlantic Ocean, just south of Boca Raton. The site, once a pineapple- and vegetable-growing area, was first settled about 1890; in 1896 ...
Deering, William
American businessman and philanthropist whose company was at one time the largest agricultural-implement manufacturer in the world.
Def Leppard
British rock band that was one of the prime movers of the new wave of British heavy metal. The original members were Pete Willis (b. Feb. 16, 1960, Sheffield, South ...
defamation
in law, attacking another's reputation by a false publication (communication to a third party) tending to bring the person into disrepute. The concept is an elusive one and is limited ...
defecation
the act of eliminating solid or semisolid waste materials (feces) from the digestive tract. In human beings, wastes are usually removed once or twice daily, but the frequency can vary ...
Defence of India Act
(1915), legislation designed to give the government of British India special powers to deal with revolutionary and German-inspired threats during World War I, especially in the Punjab. A special legal ...
defender of the faith
a title belonging to the sovereign of England in the same way as Christianissimus ("most Christian") belonged to the king of France. The title was first conferred by Pope Leo ...
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
U.S. government agency created in 1958 to facilitate research in technology with potential military applications. Most of DARPA's projects are classified secrets, but many of its military innovations have had ...
defense economics
field of national economic management concerned with the economic effects of military expenditure, the management of economics in wartime, and the management of peacetime military budgets.
defense mechanism
in psychoanalytic theory, any of a group of mental processes that enables the mind to reach compromise solutions to conflicts that it is unable to resolve. The process is usually ...
Defense of Rights, Associations for the
patriotic league formed in Anatolia and in Thrace in 1918, after the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I. Its purposes were to defend Turkey against foreign occupation ...
Deffand, Marie de Vichy-Chamrond, Marquise du
woman of letters and a leading figure in French society.
Defferre, Gaston
French politician, Socialist Party leader, and longtime mayor of Marseille (1944-45, 1953-86).
Defiance
city, seat (1845) of Defiance county, northwestern Ohio, U.S., where the Auglaize and Tiffin rivers meet the Maumee, 60 miles (97 km) southwest of Toledo. Laid out in 1822, Defiance ...
deficit financing
practice in which a government spends more money than it receives as revenue, the difference being made up by borrowing or minting new funds. Although budget deficits may occur for ...
definite proportions, law of
statement that every chemical compound contains fixed and constant proportions (by weight) of its constituent elements. Although many experimenters had long assumed the truth of the principle in general, the ...
deflation
in geology, erosion of loose material from flat areas of dry, uncemented sediments such as those occurring in deserts, dry lake beds, floodplains, and glacial outwash plains. Clay and silt-sized ...
Defoe, Daniel
English novelist, pamphleteer, and journalist, author of Robinson Crusoe (1719-22) and Moll Flanders (1722).
defoliant
a chemical dust or spray applied to plants to cause their leaves to drop off prematurely. Defoliants sometimes are applied to crop plants such as cotton in order to facilitate ...
deforcement
in English property law, wrongful taking and possession of land belonging to another. Deforcement had its primary legal significance in feudal England. Deforcement arose particularly in cases in which land ...
DeForest, John William
American writer of realistic fiction, author of a major novel of the American Civil War-Miss Ravenel's Conversion from Secession to Loyalty (1867).
deformation and flow
in physics, alteration in shape or size of a body under the influence of mechanical forces. Flow is a change in deformation that continues as long as the force is ...
Degas, Edgar
French painter, sculptor, and printmaker who was prominent in the Impressionist group and widely celebrated for his images of Parisian life. Degas's principal subject was the human-especially the female-figure, which ...
Degema
town and river port, Rivers state, southern Nigeria, on the Sambreiro River (an outlet of the Niger). A traditional market centre (fish, cassava, taro, palm produce, plantains, and yams) of ...
degenerate art
term used by the Nazi Party in Germany to describe art that did not support the ideals of National Socialism. It was also the title of a propagandistically designed Nazi ...
degenerate gas
in physics, a particular configuration, usually reached at high densities, of a gas composed of subatomic particles with half-integral intrinsic angular momentum (spin). Such particles are called fermions, because their ...
Deggendorf
city, Bavaria Land (state), southeastern Germany. It is on the Danube River, 2.5 miles (4 km) above its confluence with the Isar River. Deggendorf lies at the ...
degree
in education, any of several titles conferred by colleges and universities to indicate the completion of a course of study or the extent of academic achievement.
Degrelle, Leon
founder and leader of the Rexist Party of Belgium, who collaborated with the Germans during World War II.
degu
one of four species of ratlike South American rodents found primarily on the lower western slopes of the Andes Mountains. It is one of the most common mammals of central ...
Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia
urban area on the southwestern coast of Sri Lanka (Ceylon). The area lies south of Colombo, of which it is a residential suburb. It comprises Dehiwala, Galkissa, Mount Lavinia, and ...
Dehmel, Richard
German poet who exerted a major influence on young writers through his innovations in form and content.
Dehmelt, Hans Georg
German-born American physicist who shared one-half of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1989 with the German physicist Wolfgang Paul. (The other half of the prize was awarded to the ...
Dehon, Leon-Gustave
French Roman Catholic priest who founded the Congregation of the Priests of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, a congregation of priests and brothers dedicated to spreading the apostolate of the ...
Dehra Dun
city, capital of Uttaranchal state, northern India. It lies in the Himalayan foothills at an elevation of 2,200 feet (670 metres). Dehra Dun was founded in 1699, when the heretical ...
Dehri
city, western Bihar state, northeastern India, west of the Son River. It has major road and rail connections and houses railway workshops. Dehri is the headworks of the Son canal ...
Dehua porcelain
Chinese porcelain made at Dehua in Fujian province. Although the kiln began production some time during the Song period (960-1279), most examples of the porcelain are attributed to the Ming ...
dehydration
loss of water from the body; it is almost invariably associated with some loss of salt (sodium chloride) as well. The treatment of any form of dehydration, therefore, requires not ...
dehydration
in food processing, means by which many types of food can be preserved for indefinite periods by extracting the moisture, thereby inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. Dehydration is one of ...
Deighton, Len
English author, journalist, film producer, and a leading writer of spy stories, his best-known being his first, The Ipcress File (1962), an account of deception and betrayal in an espionage ...
Deimos
the outer and smaller of Mars's two moons. It was discovered telescopically with its companion moon, Phobos, by the American astronomer Asaph Hall in 1877 and named for one of ...
Deinonychus
long-clawed carnivorous dinosaurs that flourished in western North America during the Early Cretaceous Period (99 million to 65 million years ago). A member of the dromaeosaur group, Deinonychus was bipedal, ...
Deioces
petty Median chieftain subject to the kingdom of Mannai in modern Iranian Azerbaijan; later tradition made him the founder of the Median empire.
Deiotarus
tetrarch of the Tolistobogii (of western Galatia, now in western Turkey), later king of all Galatia, who, as a faithful ally of the Romans, became involved in the struggles between ...
Deiphon
genus of trilobites (extinct arthropods) easily recognized in fossil form in Silurian rocks in North America because of its highly unusual shape (the Silurian Period began 438 million years ago ...
Deira
a northern Anglo-Saxon kingdom in Britain which, by the last quarter of the 7th century AD, had been united with its neighbour Bernicia (q.v.) to form the kingdom of Northumbria. ...
Deirdre
in early Irish literature, the gentle and fair heroine of The Fate of the Sons of Usnech (Oidheadh Chloinne Uisneach), the great love story of the Ulster cycle. First composed ...
Deisenhofer, Johann
German biochemist who, along with Hartmut Michel and Robert Huber, received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1988 for their determination of the structure of certain proteins that are essential ...
Deism
an unorthodox religious attitude that found expression among a group of English writers beginning with Edward Herbert (later 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury) in the first half of the 17th ...
DeKalb
city, DeKalb county, north-central Illinois, U.S. It lies on the south branch of the Kishwaukee River, about 60 miles (100 km) west of Chicago. Founded in 1837, it was called ...
Deken, Aagje
writer and collaborator with Betje Wolff (q.v.) on the first Dutch novel, De historie van mejuffrouw Sara Burgerhart, 2 vol. (1782; "The History of Miss Sara Burgerhart").
Dekker, Thomas
English dramatist and writer of prose pamphlets who is particularly known for his lively depictions of London life.
Del Monte Foods
American corporation engaged primarily in processing, canning, and distributing food. It is a major grower and distributor of bananas and pineapples, and it owns subsidiaries engaged in trucking, public warehousing, ...
Del Rio
city, seat (1885) of Val Verde county, southwestern Texas, U.S. It lies along the Rio Grande, there bridged to Ciudad Acuna, Mexico, 145 miles (233 km) west of San Antonio. ...
Delacour, Jean Theodore
French-American aviculturist known for discovering and rearing some of the world's rarest birds.
Delacroix, Eugene
the greatest French Romantic painter, whose use of colour was influential in the development of both Impressionist and Post-Impressionist painting. His inspiration came chiefly from historical or contemporary events or ...
delafossite
metallic, black copper and iron oxide (CuFeO2) that is found as a secondary mineral associated with other oxide minerals of copper and iron in Sonora, Mex.; Pedroso, Spain; and Pfaffenreuth, ...
Delage, Yves
French zoologist known for his research and elucidation of invertebrate physiology and anatomy. He also discovered the equilibrium-stabilizing function of the semicircular canals in the inner ear (1886).
Delagoa Bay
bay on the southeast coast of Mozambique, East Africa, near the South African border. The name probably derives from Baia da Lagoa (Bay of the Lagoon). It is 19 mi ...
delaine
(French: "of wool"), any high-grade woolen or worsted fabric made of fine combing wool. Delaine was originally a high-quality women's wear dress material.
Delalande, Michel-Richard
leading composer of sacred music in France in the early 18th century, one of the few composers who asserted any influence while Jean-Baptiste Lully lived.
Delambre, Jean-Baptiste-Joseph
French astronomer who prepared tables that plot the location of Uranus.
Delamere, George Booth, 1st Baron
English politician who led an abortive Royalist revolt against the Commonwealth government in August 1659. His insurrection foreshadowed the Royalist upsurge that resulted in the restoration of the Stuart monarchy ...
Delamere, Hugh Cholmondeley, 3rd Baron
a leader of European colonists in British East Africa Protectorate (now Kenya). Controversial and outspoken, Delamere was the central figure of the white community in Kenya. He believed that civilization ...
DeLancey, James
lieutenant governor and chief justice of the British colony of New York.
Deland, Margaret
American writer who frequently portrayed small-town life.
Delane, John Thaddeus
editor of The Times of London for 36 years.