Encyclopaedia Britannica Online Shop

0-9

Ceanothus ... celestial navigation

Ceanothus: genus of North American shrubs, of the buckthorn family (Rhamnaceae), comprising about 55 species. The leaves are alternate or opposite. The very small blue or white flowers are borne in ... [1 Related Articles]
Ceara: estado (state) of northeastern Brazil. It is bounded on the north by the Atlantic Ocean, on the east by the Atlantic and the states of Rio Grande do Norte and ...
Ceard, Henry: (from the article "French literature") ...depends on the joint publication, in 1880, of Les Soirees de Medan, a volume of short stories by Emile Zola, Guy de Maupassant, Joris-Karl Huysmans, Henry Ceard, ...
cease-fire: a total cessation of armed hostilities, regulated by the same general principles as those governing armistice. In contemporary diplomatic usage the term implies that the belligerents are too far apart ... [1 Related Articles]
Ceausescu, Elena: (from the article "Ceausescu, Nicolae") A member of the Romanian Communist youth movement during the early 1930s, Ceausescu was imprisoned in 1936 and again in 1940 for his Communist Party activities. In 1939 he married ...
Ceausescu, Nicolae: Communist official who was leader of Romania from 1965 until he was overthrown and killed in a revolution in 1989. [5 Related Articles]
Ceausescu, Nicu: Romanian public figure and playboy who was the youngest son of dictator Nicolae Ceausescu; he had a long history of dissolute behaviour and had been imprisoned for his part in ...
Ceawlin: king of the West Saxons, or Wessex, from 560 to 592, who drove the Britons from most of southern England and carved out a kingdom in the southern Midlands. [1 Related Articles]
Cebidae: (from the article "monkey") ...of species stated within a given genus may vary, depending on the taxonomic criteria used. Formerly, only two families were recognized within the group: Callitrichidae (marmosets and tamarins) and Cebidae ...
Ceboruco: dormant volcano, southeastern Nayarit estado (state), west-central Mexico. It is situated about 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Tepic, the state capital. The highest of Ceboruco's three ...
Cebu: island, central Philippines. It is the centre of Visayan-Cebuano culture and has preserved a strong Spanish tradition in its cultural life. Attracted by the island's focal position, the Portuguese navigator ... [2 Related Articles]
Cebu City: city, Cebu Island, south-central Philippines. Located on Cebu Island's eastern coast, it is protected by offshore Mactan Island and by the inland Cordillera Central. It is one of the nation's ...
Cebuano: the second largest cultural-linguistic group in the Philippines, numbering about 17,010,000 in the late 20th century. They speak an Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) language and are sometimes grouped with the Hiligaynon and ... [1 Related Articles]
Cebuano language: member of the Western, or Indonesian, branch of the Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) language family. It was spoken in the late 20th century by as many as 14,600,000 persons in the Philippines ... [3 Related Articles]
Cecchetti, Enrico: Italian ballet dancer and teacher noted for his method of instruction and for his part in training many distinguished artists. [1 Related Articles]
Cecchi, Emilio: Italian essayist and critic noted for his writing style and for introducing Italian readers to valuable English and American writers.
Cecchini, Pier Maria: (from the article "Accesi, Compagnia degli") ...Italian comedy) in the early 1600s. The name means "the stimulated." Leadership was provided by Tristano Martinelli (famous for his portrayal of Arlecchino, the mischievous servant) and Pier Maria Cecchini ...
Cech, Svatopluk: (from the article "Czech literature") ...was exercised by his many translations of major European writers. Cosmopolitanism also found expression in Julius Zeyer's novels and short stories. The principal figure in the nativist trend was Svatopluk ...
Cech, Thomas Robert: American biochemist and molecular biologist who, with Sidney Altman, was awarded the 1989 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for their discoveries concerning RNA (ribonucleic acid). [2 Related Articles]
Cecil: county, northeastern Maryland, U.S., lying at the head of Chesapeake Bay and bounded by Pennsylvania to the north, Delaware to the east, the Sassafras River to the south, and the ...
Cecil Family: one of England's most famous and politically influential families, represented by two branches, holding respectively the marquessates of Exeter and Salisbury, both descended from William Cecil, Lord Burghley, Elizabeth I's ...
Cecil, Lord David: English biographer, literary critic, and educator, best known for his discerning, sympathetic, and elegantly written studies of many literary figures.
Cecil, Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 1st Viscount: British statesman and winner of the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1937. He was one of the principal draftsmen of the League of Nations Covenant in 1919 and one of ...
Cecil, William, 1st Baron Burghley: principal adviser to England's Queen Elizabeth I through most of her reign. Cecil was a master of Renaissance statecraft, whose talents as a diplomat, politician, and administrator won him high ... [5 Related Articles]
Cecilia, Saint: patroness of music, one of the most famous Roman martyrs of the early church, and historically one of the most discussed. According to a late 5th-century legend, she was a ...
Cecilian movement: (from the article "canonical hours") ...soloists, chorus, and orchestra. In the 19th century attempts were made to revive the singing of Vespers by republishing 16th-century settings. Composition in this style was also encouraged by the ...
Cecilio del Valle, Jose: (from the article "cacos") ...Pedro Molina, liberals who demanded independence under a federalist, anticlerical constitution. They were opposed by the more conservative gazistas, led by Jose Cecilio del Valle, who insisted ...
cecropia: several species of tropical tree of the family Cecropiaceae common to the understory layer of disturbed forest habitats of Central and South America. It is easily recognized by its thin, ... [3 Related Articles]
cecropia moth: (from the article "saturniid moth") The cecropia moth is the largest moth native to North America, attaining a wingspread of about 15 cm (6 inches). It is brown with white, red, and gray markings and ...
Cecrops: traditionally considered the first king of Attica in ancient Greece. Cecrops succeeded King Actaeus, whose daughter, Aglauros, he married. He was said to have instituted the laws of marriage and ...
cecum: pouch or large tubelike structure in the lower abdominal cavity that receives undigested food material from the small intestine and is considered the first region of the large intestine. It ... [5 Related Articles]
cedar: any of four species of ornamental and timber evergreen conifers of the genus Cedrus (family Pinaceae), three native to mountainous areas of the Mediterranean region and one to the western ... [7 Related Articles]
Cedar Breaks National Monument: a vast natural amphitheatre, with a diameter of more than 3 miles (5 km), eroded in a limestone escarpment (Pink Cliffs) 2,000 feet (600 metres) thick in southwestern Utah, U.S., ...
Cedar City: city, Iron county, southwestern Utah, U.S., on the scarp of the Hurricane Fault, 5,800 feet (1,768 metres) above sea level. Founded in 1851, following the discovery of iron ore, it ...
Cedar Falls: city, Black Hawk county, east-central Iowa, U.S., on the Cedar River, just west of Waterloo. Settled in 1845 by William Sturgis and laid out in 1852, it was first called ...
cedar of Lebanon: (from the article "cedar") The Atlas cedar (C. atlantica), the Cyprus cedar (C. brevifolia), the deodar (C. deodara), and the cedar of Lebanon (C. libani) are the true cedars. They are tall trees with ...
Cedar Rapids: city, seat (1919) of Linn county, east-central Iowa, U.S. It lies astride the Cedar River adjacent to the cities of Marion (northeast) and Hiawatha (north), about 25 miles (40 km) ...
Cedar River: nonnavigable stream in the north-central United States, flowing from southeastern Minnesota southeasterly across Iowa and joining the Iowa River about 20 miles (32 km) from the Mississippi River. Over the ...
cedar waxwing: (from the article "waxwing") ...is 20 cm (8 inches) long and has yellow and white wing markings in addition to red. It breeds in northern forests of Eurasia and America and every few years ...
cedar wood wasp: (from the article "wood wasp") The cedar wood wasps, represented in North America by the species Syntexis libocedrii, are found in the Pacific coastal states. Adults are about 8 to 14 mm (0.3 to 0.5 ...
cedar-apple rust: common disease in North America of red cedar (Juniperus virginiana), related Juniperus species, apple, and crab apple, caused by the fungus Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae. Both hosts, the junipers and the apples, ...
Cedd, Saint: (from the article "Chad, Saint") With his brother St. Cedd, he was educated at the great abbey of Lindisfarne on Holy Island (off the coast of Northumbria) under its founder, Abbot St. Aidan, and later ...
Cedi: (from the article "India") ...from the Yadu clan. A reference to the Sourasenoi in later Greek writings is often identified with the Shurasena and the city of Methora with Mathura. The Vatsa state emerged ...
cedi: (from the article "Ghana") ...by developed countries, though political instability resulted in a number of erratic economic policies. Ghana's external debt and balance of trade deficit increased and led to a devaluation of the ...
Cedras, Raoul: (from the article "international relations") ...of American and Canadian troops sent to prepare the return of the ousted president, Jean-Bertrand Aristide. That dispute dated from September 30, 1991, when a military coup led by Brigadier ...
Ceduna: town and port, west-central South Australia. It lies on Denial Bay along the Great Australian Bight, 340 miles (550 km) northwest of Adelaide. It was founded in 1896. Its name ...
cefalozin: (from the article "cephalosporin") The cephalosporins have been organized into groups based roughly on their activity. First-generation cephalosporins (e.g., cephalothin and cefalozin) tend to be broad-spectrum antibiotics that are effective against gram-positive and many ...
Cefalu: town and episcopal see, northern Sicily, Italy. It lies at the foot of a 1,233-foot (376-metre) promontory along the Tyrrhenian Sea, east of Palermo city. It originated as the ancient ... [1 Related Articles]
cefamandole: (from the article "cephalosporin") Second-generation cephalosporins (e.g., cefuroxime and cefamandole) and third-generation ones (such as ceftazidime) tend to be more effective against gram-negative bacterial species that are resistant to the first-generation cephalosporins. Second-generation cephalosporins ...
cefoxitin: (from the article "drug") ...instance, they are effective against most staphylococci and streptococci as well as penicillin-resistant pneumococci. The second-generation cephalosporins (cefamandole, cefaclor, cefotetan, cefoxitin, and cefuroxime) have an extended antibacterial spectrum that includes ...
ceftazidime: (from the article "cephalosporin") Second-generation cephalosporins (e.g., cefuroxime and cefamandole) and third-generation ones (such as ceftazidime) tend to be more effective against gram-negative bacterial species that are resistant to the first-generation cephalosporins. Second-generation cephalosporins ...
cefuroxime: (from the article "cephalosporin") Second-generation cephalosporins (e.g., cefuroxime and cefamandole) and third-generation ones (such as ceftazidime) tend to be more effective against gram-negative bacterial species that are resistant to the first-generation cephalosporins. Second-generation cephalosporins ...
Ceglie Messapico: town, Puglia (Apulia) regione, southern Italy, northeast of Taranto. It is an agricultural-trading centre and has a medieval castle with cylindrical towers. In the surrounding area are numerous trulli (one-room ...
ceili: (from the article "Ireland") ...aicme, the upper class), whose land and property rights were clearly defined by law and whose main wealth was in cattle. Greater landowners were supported by ceili, ...
ceilidh: (from the article "Scotland") One traditional local custom is the ceilidh (visit), a social occasion that includes music and storytelling. Once common throughout the country, the ceilidh is ...
ceiling: the overhead surface or surfaces covering a room, and the underside of a floor or a roof. Ceilings are often used to hide floor and roof construction. They have been ... [6 Related Articles]
ceiling diffuser: (from the article "air-conditioning") ...because direct exposure to the cool air may cause discomfort. In some cases, cooled air needs to be slightly reheated before it is blown back into a room. One popular ...
ceilometer: device for measuring the height of cloud bases. One important use of the ceilometer is to determine cloud ceilings at airports. The device works day or night by shining an ...
cel animation: (from the article "motion-picture technology") The development of cel (or cell) animation permitted the phased movements of the figures to be traced onto a succession of transparent celluloid sheets and superimposed, in turn, onto a ...
Cela, Camilo Jose: Spanish writer who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1989. He is perhaps best known for his novel La familia de Pascual Duarte (1942; [2 Related Articles]
celadon: Chinese, Korean, Siamese, and Japanese stoneware decorated with green glazes. To create this ware, artisans apply a wash of slip (liquefied clay), which contains a high proportion of iron, to ... [11 Related Articles]
celadonite: (from the article "clay mineral") Celadonite and glauconite are ferric iron-rich species of dioctahedral micas. The ideal composition of celadonite may be expressed by K(Mg, Fe³⁺)(Si_{4 - x}Al_x)O₁₀(OH)₂, where x = 0-0.2. Glauconite is a ...
Celaenae: ancient fortress city of Phrygia (in present Turkey), the starting point of the march of the "Ten Thousand" under Cyrus (401 BC) against Artaxerxes (recounted in Xenophon's Anabasis). In 333 ...
Celaeno: (from the article "Pleiades") in Greek mythology, the seven daughters of the Titan Atlas and the Oceanid Pleione: Maia, Electra, Taygete, Celaeno, Alcyone, Sterope, and Merope. They all had children by gods (except Merope, ...
Celaeno: (from the article "Pleiades") ...six or seven can be seen by the unaided eye and have figured prominently in the myths and literature of many cultures. In Greek mythology the Seven Sisters (Alcyone, Maia, ...
Celal: (from the article "Jelali Revolts") rebellions in Anatolia against the Ottoman Empire in the 16th and 17th centuries. The first revolt occurred in 1519 near Tokat under the leadership of Celal, a preacher of Shi'ah ...
Celan, Paul: poet who, though he never lived in Germany, gave its post-World War II literature one of its most powerful and regenerative voices. His poetry was influenced stylistically by French Surrealism, ... [1 Related Articles]
celandine: any of several distinct flowering plants of similar appearance, mostly members of the poppy family (Papaveraceae). The greater celandine (Chelidonium majus) is native to deciduous woods of Europe and Asia ...
celandine poppy: (from the article "celandine") The celandine poppies, species of the genus Stylophorum, are native to North America and China. The plants resemble Chelidonium but have flowers twice the size and two-paired, much-divided leaves on ...
Celaque National Park: (from the article "Principal national parks of the world") ...and administrative centre, but it declined in the 18th century. Destroyed in 1915 by an earthquake, it has been rebuilt. Gracias is now the commercial centre for the surrounding agricultural ...
Celarent: (from the article "logic, history of") First figure:Barbara, Celarent, Darii, Ferio,
Celaront: (from the article "logic, history of") *Barbari, *Celaront.
Celastraceae: the staff-tree family, in the order Celastrales, comprising about 55 genera of woody vines, shrubs, and trees, native in tropical and temperate zones but best known for ornamental forms of ... [1 Related Articles]
Celastrales: small order of flowering plants that includes 3 families, some 100 genera, and about 1,350 species. In the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II (APG II) botanical classification system, Celastrales is placed ...
Celastrus: (from the article "bittersweet") any of several vines with colourful fruit. The genus Celastrus, in the staff tree family (Celastraceae), includes the American bittersweet, or staff vine (C. scandens), and the Oriental bittersweet (C. ...
Celati, Gianni: (from the article "Italian literature") ...(1985; Standard Life of a Temporary Pantyhose Salesman). Two of the most disinterested and earnestly reflective of the younger writers were Sebastiano Vassalli and especially Gianni Celati. Vassalli gradually distanced ...
Celaya: city, south-central Guanajuato estado (state), north-central Mexico. It lies on the north bank of the Laja River in the fertile Bajio region of the Mexican Plateau, 5,774 ...
Celaya, Battle of: (April 1915), decisive military engagement in the wars between revolutionary factions during the Mexican Revoluion of 1910-20. One of the largest and bloodiest battles in Mexican history, it was fought ...
Celaya, Gabriel: (from the article "Spanish literature") ...social and human content increased. Leaders of postwar poesia social (social poetry) are sometimes referred to as a "Basque triumvirate": Gabriel Celaya, a prewar Surrealist who became ...
Cele Kula: (from the article "Nis") ...from Istanbul to Hungary. In the first Serbian uprising (1809), the Serbs fired their powder magazine and destroyed themselves and a large number of the enemy; in the ruins of ...
Celebes: one of the four Greater Sunda Islands, Indonesia. A curiously shaped island with four distinct peninsulas that form three major gulfs-Tomini (the largest) on the northeast, Tolo on the east, ... [4 Related Articles]
Celebes crested macaque: a mainly arboreal Indonesian monkey named for the narrow crest of hair that runs along the top of the head from behind the overhanging brow. The Celebes crested macaque is ...
Celebes Sea: sea of the western Pacific Ocean, bordered on the north by the Sulu Archipelago and Sea and Mindanao Island, on the east by the Sangi Islands chain, on the south ...
Celebrex: (from the article "Health and Disease") ...There was little evidence, however, that COX-2 inhibitors (which are also NSAIDs) offered superior relief of pain or inflammation. Of the two other COX-2 inhibitors on the market, celecoxib (Celebrex) ...
Celebrezze, Anthony J.: Italian-born American politician who served as mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, from 1953 to 1962, as secretary of health, education, and welfare from 1962 to 1965, and as an appellate judge ...
celempung: (from the article "stringed instrument") ...the orchestra; its player is thought of by Javanese as the "rajah" of the gamelan, with the drummer as his "prime minister." A zither called the celempung ...
Celera Genomics: (from the article "Collins, Francis") The necessity of a government effort was questioned when a rival operation, Celera Genomics, emerged in 1998 and appeared to be working even faster than the HGP at deciphering the ...
celeriac: (from the article "celery") Celeriac (Apium graveolens variety rapaceum), also called celery root, or turnip-rooted celery, has a large edible root used as a raw or cooked vegetable.
celery: (species Apium graveolens), herb of the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). Native to the Mediterranean areas and the Middle East, celery was used as a flavouring by the ancient Greeks and Romans ... [3 Related Articles]
celery cabbage: (from the article "celery cabbage") (Brassica pekinensis), species of mustard cultivated for its edible leaves. See Chinese cabbage.Chinese cabbageChinese cabbage, or celery cabbage (Brassica pekinensis).Benjwong<
celery pine: (from the article "Podocarpaceae") ...and Madagascar. The Podocarpaceae are usually dioecious (having separate male and female plants) and have leaves variously awl-shaped, needlelike, or broad, with many parallel veins. In the genus Phyllocladus, the ...
celery-top pine: (species Phyllocladus asplenifolius), slow-growing ornamental and timber conifer of the family Phyllocladaceae (placed in the Podocarpaceae family by some botanists), native to temperate rain forests of Tasmania at elevations from ... [1 Related Articles]
celesta: orchestral percussion instrument resembling a small upright piano, patented by a Parisian, Auguste Mustel, in 1886. It consists of a series of small metal bars (and hence is a metallophone) ... [1 Related Articles]
celestial coordinate system: (from the article "astronomical map") Celestial coordinate systemscelestial spheregalactic coordinate
celestial equator: (from the article "Equator") In astronomy, the celestial equator is the great circle in which the plane of the terrestrial Equator intersects the celestial sphere; it consequently is equidistant from the celestial poles. When ...
celestial globe: representation of stars and constellations as they are located on the apparent sphere of the sky. Celestial globes are used for some astronomical or astrological calculations or as ornaments. [1 Related Articles]
celestial latitude: (from the article "astronomical map") Celestial longitude and latitude are defined with respect to the ecliptic and ecliptic poles. Celestial longitude is measured eastward from the ascending intersection of the ecliptic with the equator, a ...
celestial longitude: (from the article "astronomical map") Celestial longitude and latitude are defined with respect to the ecliptic and ecliptic poles. Celestial longitude is measured eastward from the ascending intersection of the ecliptic with the equator, a ...
celestial mechanics: in the broadest sense, the application of classical mechanics to the motion of celestial bodies acted on by any of several types of forces. By far the most important force ... [9 Related Articles]
celestial meridian: (from the article "telescope") ...type of telescope system.) The main optical axis of the instrument is aligned on a north-south line such that its motion is restricted to the plane of the meridian of ...
celestial navigation: use of the observed positions of celestial bodies to determine a navigator's position. At any moment some celestial body is at the zenith of any particular location on the Earth's ... [3 Related Articles]