| | - Charles X Gustav
- king of Sweden who conducted the First Northern War (1655-60) against a coalition eventually embracing Poland, Russia, Brandenburg, the Netherlands, and Denmark. His aim was to establish a unified northern ...
- Charles XI
- king of Sweden who expanded royal power at the expense of the higher nobility and the lower estates, establishing an absolutist monarchy that ended only with the death of Charles ...
- Charles XII
- king of Sweden (1697-1718), an absolute monarch who defended his country for 18 years during the Great Northern War and promoted significant domestic reforms. He launched a disastrous invasion of ...
- Charles XIII
- king of Sweden from 1809 and, from 1814 to 1818, first king of the union of Sweden and Norway. The second son of King Adolf Frederick of Sweden, he was ...
- Charles XIV John
- French Revolutionary general and marshal of France (1804), who was elected crown prince of Sweden (1810), becoming regent and then king of Sweden and Norway (1818-44). Active in several Napoleonic ...
- Charles XV
- king of Sweden and Norway from 1859 to 1872. Succeeding his father, Oscar I, on July 8, 1859, Charles was an intelligent and artistically inclined ruler much liked in both ...
- Charles's law
- a statement that the volume occupied by a fixed amount of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, if the pressure remains constant. This empirical relation was first suggested ...
- Charles's Wain
- group of stars within the constellation Ursa Major (q.v.).
|
|