| | - catharsis
- the purification or purgation of the emotions (especially pity and fear) primarily through art. In criticism, catharsis is a metaphor used by Aristotle in the Poetics to describe the effects ... [8 Related Articles]
- cathartic
- (from the article "laxative") any drug used in the treatment of constipation to promote the evacuation of feces. Laxatives produce their effect by several mechanisms. Contact purgatives act directly on the muscles of the ...
- Cathartidae
- (from the article "falconiform") ...Epoch. The oldest raptorial bird (Lithornis) known is from the late Paleocene Epoch (57.9 to 54.8 million years ago) and may have been a New World vulture (family Cathartidae). Cathartids ...
- Cathay
- name by which North China was known in medieval Europe. The word is derived from Khitay (or Khitan), the name of a seminomadic people who left southeastern Mongolia in the ... [2 Related Articles]
- Cathaya
- genus of evergreen coniferous trees of the family Pinaceae, containing two living species native to China and one fossil species found in Germany. Both living forms are about 20 metres ...
- Cathaysia
- (from the article "Permian Period") On the periphery of Pangea was Cathaysia, a region extending beyond the eastern edge of Angara and comprising the landmasses of both North and South China. Cathaysia lay within the ...
- cathedra
- (Latin: "chair," or "seat"), Roman chair of heavy structure derived from the klismos-a lighter, more delicate chair developed by the ancient Greeks. [1 Related Articles]
- cathedral
- in Christian churches that have an episcopal form of church government, the church in which a residential bishop has his official seat or throne, the cathedra. Cathedral churches are of ... [4 Related Articles]
- Cathedral Church of Christ and Blessed Mary the Virgin
- (from the article "Western architecture") ...the high-ranking Lombard ecclesiastics who undertook the reform and development of the Norman church brought with them some knowledge of ribbed-vault construction, which then passed to England. The cathedral abbey ...
- cathedral school
- medieval European school run by cathedral clergy. Originally the function of such schools was to train priests, but later they taught lay students as well-usually boys of noble families being ... [1 Related Articles]
- Cathedral Square
- (from the article "Moscow") ...which are open to the public and are among the city's most popular tourist attractions, and the highest offices of the state, which are surrounded by strict security. Around the ...
- Cathelineau, Jacques
- (from the article "Vendee, Wars of the") ...disaffection in Lyon, Marseille, and Normandy and seriously threatened the Revolution internally at a time when it had just suffered a military defeat at Neerwinden (March 18). The peasant leaders ...
- Cather, Willa
- American novelist noted for her portrayals of the settlers and frontier life on the American plains. [3 Related Articles]
- Catherine
- (from the article "Portugal") If Manuel failed to realize his dream of ruling Spain, his son John III (1521-57) lacked the power to resist Castilian influence. A pious, retiring man, he was ruled by ...
- Catherine de Medicis
- queen consort of Henry II of France (reigned 1547-59) and subsequently regent of France (1560-74), who was one of the most influential personalities of the Catholic-Huguenot wars. Three of her ... [19 Related Articles]
- Catherine Howard
- fifth wife of King Henry VIII of England. Her downfall came when Henry learned of her premarital affairs. [3 Related Articles]
- Catherine I
- peasant woman of Baltic (probably Lithuanian) birth who became the second wife of Peter I the Great (reigned 1682-1725) and empress of Russia (1725-27). [7 Related Articles]
- Catherine II
- German-born empress of Russia (1762-96), who led her country into full participation in the political and cultural life of Europe, carrying on the work begun by Peter the Great. With ... [48 Related Articles]
- Catherine of Alexandria, Saint
- one of the most popular early Christian martyrs and one of the Fourteen Holy Helpers. She is not mentioned before the 9th century, and her historicity is doubtful. According to ...
- Catherine of Aragon
- first wife of King Henry VIII of England (reigned 1509-47). The refusal of Pope Clement VII to annul Henry's marriage to Catherine triggered the break between Henry and Rome and ... [12 Related Articles]
- Catherine of Bologna, Saint
- Italian mystic and writer whose spiritual writings were popular in Italy until the end of the 18th century.
- Catherine Of Braganza
- Portuguese Roman Catholic wife of King Charles II of England (ruled 1660-85). A pawn in diplomatic dealings and anti-papal intrigues, she was married to Charles as part of an important ... [1 Related Articles]
- Catherine of Genoa, Saint
- Italian mystic admired for her work among the sick and the poor. [1 Related Articles]
- Catherine of Siena, Saint
- Dominican tertiary, mystic, and patron saint of Italy who played a major role in returning the papacy from Avignon to Rome (1377). She was declared a doctor of the church ... [3 Related Articles]
- Catherine of Sweden, Saint
- daughter of St. Bridget of Sweden, whom she succeeded as superior of the Brigittines. [1 Related Articles]
- Catherine Of Valois
- French princess, the wife of King Henry V of England, mother of King Henry VI, and grandmother of the first Tudor monarch of England, Henry VII. [1 Related Articles]
- Catherine Palace
- (from the article "Pushkin") ...(province), northwestern Russia, 14 miles (22 km) south of St. Petersburg city. Tsarskoye Selo grew up around one of the main summer palaces of the Russian royal family. Catherine I ...
- Catherine Parr
- sixth and last wife of King Henry VIII of England (ruled 1509-47). [1 Related Articles]
- Catherine the Great, Instruction of
- (Aug. 10 [July 30, old style], 1767), in Russian history, document prepared by Empress Catherine II that recommended liberal, humanitarian political theories for use as the basis of government reform ... [2 Related Articles]
- Catherine, Mount
- (from the article "Janub Sina'") The topography of the governorate is rugged, consisting in the south of granite and sandstone mountains cut by steep-walled wadis (seasonal watercourses). The highest peak is the historic Mount Katrinah ...
- Catherine, Saint
- Italian Dominican mystic. At the age of 13 she entered the Dominican convent at Prato, becoming prioress from 1560 to 1590. Famous for her visions of the Passion and her ...
- Catherwood, Frederick
- (from the article "Stephens, John Lloyd") ...Arabia Petraea, and the Holy Land, 2 vol. (1837), and Incidents of Travel in Greece, Turkey, Russia, and Poland, 2 vol. (1838), with drawings by the English illustrator and archaeologist ...
- catheter
- (from the article "Richards, Dickinson Woodruff") ...who shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1956 with Werner Forssmann and Andre F. Cournand. Cournand and Richards adapted Forssmann's technique of using a flexible tube (catheter), ...
- cathode
- negative terminal or electrode through which electrons enter a direct current load, such as an electrolytic cell or an electron tube, and the positive terminal of a battery or other ... [18 Related Articles]
- cathode ray
- stream of electrons leaving the negative electrode (cathode) in a discharge tube containing a gas at low pressure, or electrons emitted by a heated filament in certain electron tubes. Cathode ... [7 Related Articles]
- cathode-ray beam
- (from the article "television") ...electrical engineer, A.A. Campbell Swinton, wrote that the problems "can probably be solved by the employment of two beams of kathode rays" instead of spinning disks. Cathode rays are beams ...
- cathode-ray oscilloscope
- electronic-display device containing a cathode-ray tube (CRT) that generates an electron beam that is used to produce visible patterns, or graphs, on a phosphorescent screen. The graphs plot the relationships ... [8 Related Articles]
- cathode-ray tube
- (from the article "cathode-ray oscilloscope") electronic-display device containing a cathode-ray tube (CRT) that generates an electron beam that is used to produce visible patterns, or graphs, on a phosphorescent screen. The graphs plot the relationships ...
- cathodic protection
- (from the article "pipeline") ...pipe for sewers; use of "pigs" to clean the interior of pipelines and to perform other duties; "batching" of different petroleum products in a common pipeline; application of cathodic protection ...
- Catholepistemiad
- (from the article "Michigan") In 1817 Judge Augustus Woodward, one of the major figures in the state's early history, conceived the idea of a "Catholepistemiad," an academy of universal knowledge. This was achieved in ...
- catholic
- (from Greek katholikos, "universal"), the characteristic that, according to ecclesiastical writers since the 2nd century, distinguished the Christian Church at large from local communities or from heretical and schismatic sects. ... [1 Related Articles]
- Catholic Action
- the organized work of the laity that is performed under the direction or mandate of a bishop in the fields of dogma, morals, liturgy, education, and charity. In 1927 Pope ... [4 Related Articles]
- Catholic Apostolic Church
- (from the article "Protestantism") ...and churches. In Britain in 1827 John Nelson Darby (1800-82) founded the Plymouth Brethren, who separated themselves from the world in preparation for the imminent coming of the Lord. The ...
- Catholic Association
- (from the article "Peel, Sir Robert, 2nd Baronet") ...considerably weakened the government. This was followed by the Catholic crisis of 1828-29 that grew out of the renewal of the Irish movement for emancipation in 1823 with the formation ...
- Catholic Charities
- (from the article "Hayes, Patrick Joseph") archbishop of New York and cardinal who unified Roman Catholic welfare activities under a central agency, Catholic Charities.
- Catholic Emancipation
- in British history, the freedom from discrimination and civil disabilities granted to the Roman Catholics of Britain and Ireland in a series of laws during the late 18th and early ... [7 Related Articles]
- Catholic frog
- (from the article "Myobatrachidae") ...Anura) including 21 genera and about 110 species that are divided into two subfamilies (Limnodynastinae and Myobatrachinae). Myobatrachids occur strictly within the Australo-Papuan region. The Catholic frog (Notaden bennetti) is ...
- Catholic fundamentalism
- (from the article "fundamentalism") The fundamentalists were subsequently joined in their political activism by conservative Roman Catholics and Mormons as well as a small number of Orthodox Jews. The term Catholic fundamentalism is sometimes ...
- Catholic League
- a military alliance (1609-35) of the Catholic powers of Germany led by Maximilian I, duke of Bavaria, and designed to stem the growth of Protestantism in Germany. In alliance with ... [9 Related Articles]
- Catholic Letters
- (from the article "biblical literature") As the history of the New Testament canon shows, the seven so-called Catholic Letters (i.e., James, I and II Peter, I, II, and III John, and Jude) were among the ...
- Catholic Monarchs
- Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, whose marriage (1469) led to the unification of Spain, of which they were the first monarchs. Although employed earlier, the appellation ... [3 Related Articles]
- Catholic Party
- (from the article "Belgium") ...their advocacy of free trade, which was favoured by manufacturers but exposed farmers to ruinous foreign competition. In the early 1880s, when the Belgian market was flooded with American grain, ...
- Catholic Relief Act
- (from the article "Gordon, Lord George") In 1779 Gordon, previously considered insignificant, organized and made himself head of the Protestant associations formed to secure the repeal of the Catholic Relief Act of 1778. He led a ...
- Catholic Relief Act
- (from the article "Dublin") ...In fact, the college was among the most liberal in the British Isles. In the 18th century, while Roman Catholics were barred by law from taking degrees, they could still ...
- Catholic Social Movement
- (from the article "Australia") ...Roman Catholic intellectuals in Melbourne in the mid 1930s. They developed a commitment to social justice and against communism, somewhat in the manner of G.K. Chesterton. This was known as ...
- Catholic University library
- (from the article "Leuven, Catholic University of") ...the chief centre of anti-Reformation thought. The forces of the French Revolution suppressed the university in 1797, but in 1834 the Belgian episcopate reestablished it as a French-language, Roman Catholic ...
- Catholic University of America, The
- private, coeducational institution of higher learning in Washington, D.C., U.S. The university is affiliated with the Roman Catholic church. It comprises 11 faculties or schools, including the Columbus School of ... [1 Related Articles]
- catholicos
- ("universal" bishop), in Eastern Christian Churches, title of certain ecclesiastical superiors. In earlier times the designation had occasionally been used, like archimandrite and exarch, for a superior abbot; but the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Catiline
- in the late Roman Republic, an aristocrat who turned demagogue and made an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the republic while Cicero was a consul (63). [6 Related Articles]
- Catio
- town located on the southern coast of Guinea-Bissau. The surrounding area is covered with mangrove forests and swamps and has a monsoonal climate with an annual precipitation of about 100 ...
- Catio
- (from the article "Choco") ...of rivers flowing into the Golfo de San Miguel (in Panama) and the rivers of Colombia's Pacific coast; the Southern Choco are concentrated around the Rio San Jose; and the ...
- cation
- (from the article "cation") atom or group of atoms that bears a positive electric charge. See ion.TABLESchemical separationcation exchange
- (from the article "Cation-exchange capacities and specific surface areas of clay minerals") ...place between sodium and calcium and among magnesium, ferrous iron, and manganese (Mn). There is limited substitution between ferric iron and aluminum and between titanium and other C-type cations. Aluminum ...
- cation-exchange resin
- (from the article "separation and purification") ...of the separation is the varying attraction of different ions in a solution to oppositely charged sites on a finely divided, insoluble substance (the ion exchanger, usually a synthetic resin). ...
- cationic detergent
- (from the article "soap and detergent") Anionic detergents (including soap and the largest portion of modern synthetic detergents), which produce electrically negative colloidal ions in solution.Cationic detergents, which produce electrically positive ions in solution.Nonionic detergents, which ...
- cationic drug
- (from the article "pharmaceutical industry") ...out of the matrix as the largely intact tablet passes through the gastrointestinal tract. Drug may be adsorbed onto ion exchange resins in order to bring about sustained release. For ...
- cationic starch
- (from the article "papermaking") ...the materials most commonly used are starch, polyacrylamide resins, and natural gums such as locust bean gum and guar gum. The most common type of starch currently used is the ...
- catkin
- (from the article "inflorescence") A catkin (or ament) is a spike in which the flowers are either male (staminate) or female (carpellate). It is usually pendulous, and the perianth may be reduced or absent, ...
- Catlett, Elizabeth
- expatriate American sculptor and printmaker renowned for her intensely political art.
- Catlin, George
- American artist and author, whose paintings of Native American scenes constitute an invaluable record of Native American culture in the 19th century. [1 Related Articles]
- catnip
- (Nepeta cataria), aromatic herb of the mint family (Lamiaceae, or Labiatae). The plant has spikes of small, purple-dotted flowers. Catnip has been used as a seasoning and as a medicinal ... [1 Related Articles]
- Cato Institute
- (from the article "Libertarian Party") ...Representatives, and though it captured no seats, its candidates combined to win 1.7 million votes. The party maintains a national office in Washington, D.C., and has affiliates in every state. ...
- Cato Street Conspiracy
- (from the article "beheading") ...hanged (not to the death), disemboweled, beheaded, and then quartered, sometimes by tying each of the four limbs to a different horse and spurring them in different directions. In 1820 ...
- Cato, Marcus Porcius
- great-grandson of Cato the Censor and a leader of the Optimates (conservative senatorial aristocracy) who tried to preserve the Roman Republic against power seekers, in particular Julius Caesar. [3 Related Articles]
- Cato, Marcus Porcius
- Roman statesman, orator, and the first Latin prose writer of importance. He was noted for his conservative and anti-Hellenic policies, in opposition to the phil-Hellenic ideals of the Scipio family. [11 Related Articles]
- Cato, Milton
- (from the article "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines") ...became a member of the Commonwealth. The country held its first elections in December of that year. The Saint Vincent Labour Party, the ruling party of the time, won the ...
- Cato, Milton
- Caribbean politician who served, 1979-84, as the first prime minister of St. Vincent and the Grenadines after the country achieved independence (b. June 3, 1915--d. Feb. 10, 1997).
- Cato, Publius Valerius
- teacher, scholar, and poet associated, like Catullus, with the Neoteric, or New Poets, movement. [1 Related Articles]
- Catoche, Cape
- cape on the Caribbean Sea, on a bar off the Mexican state of Quintana Roo, in the northeastern part of the Yucatan Peninsula (q.v.). Cape Catoche is said to have ...
- Caton-Thompson, Gertrude
- English archaeologist who distinguished two prehistoric cultures in the Al-Fayyum depression of Upper Egypt, the older dating to about 5000 BC and the younger to about 4500 BC. [1 Related Articles]
- Catonsville
- village, Baltimore county, north-central Maryland, U.S., a southwestern suburb of Baltimore. It was founded before 1729 and was known as Johnnycake for a local inn specializing in that type of ...
- Catonsville Nine
- (from the article "Catonsville") ...University of Maryland and Patapsco Valley State Park are nearby. In 1968 a group of citizens burned the records of the local draft board in protest against the Vietnam War ...
- Catopithecus
- (from the article "primate") ...Desert, from the Qasr El Sagha and Jebel Qatrani formations, has come the first evidence of the emerging Catarrhini. A number of different genera have been described from Fayum, including ...
- catoptrics
- (from the article "Archimedes") ...stand and I will move the Earth"; and that a Roman soldier killed him because he refused to leave his mathematical diagrams-although all are popular reflections of his real interest ...
- Catron, John
- associate justice of the United States Supreme Court (1837-65).
- Catroux, Georges
- French general and diplomat, one of the highest-ranking officers in the Free French government of World War II.
- Cats, Jacob
- Dutch writer of emblem books and didactic verse whose place in the affections of his countrymen is shown by his nickname, "Father Cats." [1 Related Articles]
- Catskill Delta
- structure that was deposited in the northeastern United States during the Middle and Late Devonian Period (the Devonian Period began about 416 million years ago and lasted about 57 million ... [2 Related Articles]
- Catskill Game Farm, Inc.
- privately owned zoo opened in 1933 in Catskill, New York, U.S. It occupies more than 914 acres (370 hectares), of which 135 acres (55 hectares) are open to the public ...
- Catskill Mountains
- dissected segment of the Allegheny Plateau, part of the Appalachian Mountain system, lying mainly in Greene and Ulster counties, southeastern New York, U.S. Bounded north and east by the valleys ... [3 Related Articles]
- Catt, Carrie Chapman
- American feminist leader who led the women's rights movement for more than 25 years, culminating in the adoption of the Nineteenth Amendment (for woman suffrage) to the U.S. Constitution in ... [6 Related Articles]
- cattail
- (from the article "rush") ...the pith serves as wicks in open oil lamps and for tallow candles (rushlights). J. effusus, called soft rush, is used to make the tatami mats of Japan. The bulrush, ...
- Cattaneo, Carlo
- Italian publicist and intellectual whose writings significantly shaped the Risorgimento and whose journal, Il Politecnico ("The Polytechnic"), not only served as a vehicle for his political views but also was ...
- Cattaneo, Claudia
- (from the article "Monteverdi, Claudio") ...he went on composing, he published little for the next 11 years. In 1595 he accompanied his employer on an expedition to Hungary and four years later to Flanders. In ...
- Cattaraugus
- county, southwestern New York state, U.S., consisting of a ruggedly hilly region bounded by Cattaraugus Creek to the north and Pennsylvania to the south. It is drained by the Allegheny ...
- Cattelan, Maurizio
- Italian conceptual artist known for his subversive, prankish displays. [2 Related Articles]
- Cattell, James McKeen
- U.S. psychologist who oriented U.S. psychology toward use of objective experimental methods, mental testing, and application of psychology to the fields of education, business, industry, and advertising. He originated two ... [2 Related Articles]
- Cattell, Raymond B.
- British-born American psychologist, considered to be one of the world's leading personality theorists. [2 Related Articles]
- cattle
- domesticated bovine farm animals that are raised for their meat or milk, for their hides, or for draft purposes. [56 Related Articles]
- cattle drive
- (from the article "Chisholm Trail") 19th-century cattle drovers' trail in the western United States. Although its exact route is uncertain, it originated south of San Antonio, Texas, ran north across Oklahoma, and ended at Abilene, ...
- cattle egret
- (from the article "egret") The cattle egret, Bubulcus (sometimes Ardeola) ibis, spends much of its time on land and associates with domestic and wild grazing animals, feeding on insects that they stir up and ...
|
|
