| | - carriage
- four-wheeled, horse-drawn vehicle, the final refinement of the horse-drawn passenger conveyance. Wagons were also used for this purpose, as were chariots. By the 13th century the chariot had evolved into ... [2 Related Articles]
- carriage of goods
- in law, the transportation of goods by land, sea, or air. The relevant law governs the rights, responsibilities, liabilities, and immunities of the carrier and of the persons employing the ... [2 Related Articles]
- Carrick
- district, administrative and historic county of Cornwall, England, encompassing a band 15 miles (24-km) wide, from the north to the south coast, across the centre of the Cornish peninsula. Dominated ...
- Carrick-on-Suir
- town, County Tipperary, Ireland, on the River Suir. Located beside the foothills of the Comeraghs and having steep, narrow streets, it is connected with its southern suburb Carrickbeg, in County ...
- Carrickfergus
- (from the article "Carrickfergus") ...factories. The parish Church of St. Nicholas, begun by John de Courci at the end of the 12th century, is renowned for its monument (1625) to Lord Chichester, lord deputy ...
- Carrickfergus
- town and district (established 1973), formerly in County Antrim, Northern Ireland, on the northern shore of Belfast Lough (inlet of the sea). The name, meaning "rock of Fergus," commemorates King ... [2 Related Articles]
- Carrickmacross
- lace produced at Carrickmacross, County Monaghan, Ire., from 1820, with interruptions, to the end of the century. There are two varieties, applique and guipure. The former is made by drawing ...
- Carrickmacross applique
- (from the article "Carrickmacross") lace produced at Carrickmacross, County Monaghan, Ire., from 1820, with interruptions, to the end of the century. There are two varieties, applique and guipure. The former is made by drawing ...
- Carrickmacross guipure
- (from the article "Carrickmacross") lace produced at Carrickmacross, County Monaghan, Ire., from 1820, with interruptions, to the end of the century. There are two varieties, applique and guipure. The former is made by drawing ...
- Carrier
- Athabaskan-speaking North American Indian tribe centred in the upper branches of the Fraser River between the Coast Mountains and the Rocky Mountains in what is now central British Columbia. The ... [1 Related Articles]
- carrier
- (from the article "typhoid fever") Most major epidemics of typhoid fever have been caused by the pollution of public water supplies. Food and milk may be contaminated, however, by a carrier of the disease who ...
- carrier
- (from the article "poison") Certain relatively large water-soluble molecules cross the cell membrane using carriers. Carriers are membrane proteins that complement the structural features of the molecules transported. They bind to the chemicals in ...
- carrier
- (from the article "logistics") ...services needed to move a firm's freight is known as traffic management. It is probably the most important element of logistics. The traffic manager is concerned with freight consolidation, carrier ...
- carrier bed
- (from the article "petroleum") The hydrocarbons expelled from a source bed next move through the wider pores of carrier beds (e.g., sandstones or carbonates) that are coarser-grained and more permeable. This movement is termed ...
- carrier fluid
- (from the article "solar heating") ...collect, and distribute solar energy in buildings in order to provide hot water or space heating. The sunlight falling on a building's collector array is converted to heat, which is ...
- carrier gas
- (from the article "chromatography") Classification by phases gives the physical state of the mobile phase followed by the state of the stationary phase. Gas chromatography employing a gaseous fluid as the mobile phase, called ...
- carrier multiplexing
- (from the article "telephone and telephone system") ...was placed in service. Although this system was commercially viable, its cost and limited capacity (only one two-way circuit) prevented substantial growth of transcontinental telephony until carrier multiplexing techniques were ...
- carrier pigeon
- (from the article "columbiform") ...aberrations that have given pleasure to countless enthusiasts. From the same source have come racing pigeons. Belgium, at the top of the international league table, has about 60,000 pigeon fanciers. ...
- carrier sense multiple access
- (from the article "telecommunications network") One random-access method that reduces the chance of collisions is called carrier sense multiple access (CSMA). In this method a node listens to the channel first and delays transmitting when ...
- carrier sense multiple access with collision detection
- (from the article "computer") ...a simultaneous transmission, it stops, waits for a random time, and retries. The random time delay before retrying reduces the probability that they will collide again. This scheme is known ...
- carrier testing
- (from the article "genetic disease, human") ...diagnosis-that is, diagnosis of individuals at risk for developing a given disorder, even though at the time of diagnosis they may be clinically healthy. Options may even exist for carrier ...
- carrier wave
- in electronics, the unmodulated single-frequency electromagnetic wave that carries the desired information-i.e., is modulated by the information. See modulation (electronics). [3 Related Articles]
- Carrier, Jean
- (from the article "Benedict (XIV)") ...of King Alfonso V of Aragon, who wanted to prolong the Schism, caused this College of Cardinals in 1423 to elect a new antipope, Clement VIII (who reigned until his ...
- Carrier, Jean-Baptiste
- radical democrat of the French Revolution who gained notoriety for the atrocities he committed against counterrevolutionaries at Nantes.
- Carrier, Robert
- American-born British restaurateur, food writer, and television personality (b. Nov. 10, 1923, Tarrytown, N.Y.-d. June 27, 2006, Provence, France), promoted simple-to-prepare gourmet cuisine with flair and ebullience, beginning in the ...
- Carrier, Roch
- (from the article "Canadian literature") ...in Le Ciel de Quebec (1969; The Penniless Redeemer); the author and publisher Victor-Levy Beaulieu, with his continuing saga of the Beauchemin family; Roch Carrier, who mocked biculturalism in La ...
- Carrier, Willis Haviland
- American inventor and industrialist who formulated the basic theories of air conditioning. In 1902, while an engineer with the Buffalo Forge Company, Carrier designed the first system to control temperature ... [2 Related Articles]
- Carrier-Belleuse, Albert
- notable French sculptor who, in his time, was famous for the wide range of his work-from sober monuments to domestic ornaments (torcheres and tabletop elements). He won critical acclaim and ... [2 Related Articles]
- Carriera, Rosalba
- portrait painter and miniaturist, an originator of the Rococo style in France and Italy. She is best known for her work in pastels. [1 Related Articles]
- Carriere, Eugene
- French painter, lithographer, and sculptor known for his scenes of domestic intimacy and for his portraits of distinguished literary and artistic personalities, including his friends Alphonse Daudet, Anatole France, and ...
- Carriers Act
- (from the article "carriage of goods") In England the Carriers Act of 1830 was the first legislative intervention in the field of carriage of goods. The act originally applied to all common carriers by land, including ...
- Carrillo y Sotomayor, Luis
- Spanish poet known as the chief exponent of culteranismo, which developed from the highly ornate and rhetorical style gongorismo, originated by the poet Luis de Gongora. In Carrillo's treatise on ... [1 Related Articles]
- Carrillo, Julian
- Mexican composer, a leading 20th-century exponent of microtonal music (i.e., music using intervals smaller than a halftone, or half step).
- Carrillo, Santiago
- secretary-general of the Communist Party of Spain from 1960 to 1982. He received wide publicity from his book Eurocommunismo y Estado (1977; Eurocommunism and the State), which espoused the freedom ... [1 Related Articles]
- Carrington, Peter Alexander Rupert Carington, 6th Baron, Baron Carrington Of Bulcot Lodge
- secretary-general of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) from 1984 to 1988.
- Carrington, Richard Christopher
- English astronomer who, by observing the motions of sunspots, discovered the equatorial acceleration of the Sun; i.e., that it rotates faster at the equator than near the poles. He also ... [2 Related Articles]
- Carrio de Lavandera, Alonso
- Spanish colonial administrator whose accounts of his travels from Buenos Aires to Lima are considered to be a precursor of the Spanish American novel. [1 Related Articles]
- carrion beetle
- any of a group of beetles (insect order Coleoptera), most of which feed on the bodies of dead and decaying animals, thus playing a major role as decomposers. A few ... [1 Related Articles]
- carrion crow
- (from the article "crow") Some common crows are the American crow (C. brachyrhynchos) of North America and the carrion crow (C. corone) of Europe and most of Asia. A subspecies of the carrion crow ...
- carrion flower
- any of about 75 species of succulent plants of the genus Stapelia of the milkweed family (Apocynaceae), native to tropical areas of southern Africa. They are named for the unpleasant ... [3 Related Articles]
- carrion flower
- (from the article "carrion flower") Smilax herbacea, a native American woodland vine, has malodorous flowers and is also called carrion flower. It is of the Liliales order.
- Carrizo Mountains
- segment of the Colorado Plateau, in extreme northeastern Arizona, U.S. The highest point of this extinct volcanic range is Pastora Peak (9,412 ft [2,869 m]). The arid mountains are within ...
- carro
- (from the article "theatre") The fifth type of staging employed movable settings. Processional staging was particularly popular in Spain. The wagons, called carros, on which the scenery was mounted were positioned next to platforms ...
- carroballistae
- (from the article "military technology") ...onagers, or wild asses, for the way in which their rears kicked upward under the recoil force. The Romans used large ballistae and onagers effectively in siege operations, and a ...
- Carroll
- county, northern Maryland, U.S. It consists of a piedmont region bounded by Pennsylvania to the north, the Patapsco River (north branch) and Liberty Reservoir to the southeast, the Patapsco River ...
- Carroll
- county, eastern New Hampshire, U.S., bordered by Lake Winnipesaukee to the southwest, the White Mountains to the northwest, and Maine to the east. Mountain ranges include the Squam and Ossipee ...
- Carroll, Anna Ella
- political pamphleteer and constitutional theorist who claimed to have played a role in determining Union strategy during the American Civil War (1861-65).
- Carroll, Charles
- American patriot leader, longest surviving signer of the Declaration of Independence, and the only Roman Catholic to sign that document.
- Carroll, Earl
- American showman, theatrical producer, and director, best known for his Earl Carroll's Vanities (1922-48), which were popular revues of songs, dances, and flamboyantly costumed ladies. Over the doors of his ...
- Carroll, James
- (from the article "Reed, Walter") ...bacteriologist, Giuseppe Sanarelli, claimed that he had isolated from yellow-fever patients an organism he called Bacillus icteroides. The U.S. Army now appointed Reed and army physician James Carroll to investigate ...
- Carroll, John
- first Roman Catholic bishop in the United States and the first archbishop of Baltimore. Under his leadership the Roman Catholic church became firmly established in the United States. [1 Related Articles]
- Carroll, John B.
- (from the article "intelligence, human") The American psychologist John B. Carroll, in Human Cognitive Abilities (1993), proposed a "three-stratum" psychometric model of intelligence that expanded upon existing theories of intelligence. Many psychologists ...
- Carroll, Lewis
- English logician, mathematician, photographer, and novelist, especially remembered for Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865) and its sequel, Through the Looking-Glass (1871). His poem The Hunting of the Snark (1876) is ... [6 Related Articles]
- Carroll, Vinnette
- American playwright, stage director, and actress, the first African American woman to direct on Broadway. [1 Related Articles]
- Carrollton
- city, seat (1829) of Carroll county, western Georgia, U.S. It is situated near the Little Tallapoosa River, about 45 miles (70 km) southwest of Atlanta. Formerly called Troupsville, it was ...
- carrot
- (Daucus carota), herbaceous, generally biennial plant of the Apiaceae family that produces an edible taproot. Among common varieties root shapes range from globular to long, with lower ends blunt to ... [3 Related Articles]
- carrot rust fly
- (from the article "rust fly") (family Psilidae), any of a group of insects (order Diptera) that are small, slender, brownish flies with long antennae. The larvae feed on plants and may be garden pests. The ...
- carrot-yellows virus
- (from the article "malformation") Plant organs may arise in unusual places as a result of the infection by certain types of pathogenic agents. The carrot-yellows virus, for example, stimulates production of aerial tubers in ...
- carrousel
- (from the article "tournament") The tournament eventually degenerated into the carrousel, a kind of equestrian polonaise, and the more harmless sport of tilting at a ring. In modern times there have been occasional romantic ...
- Carrpos
- (from the article "bryophyte") ...and Schistostega), leaf surfaces (the moss Ephemeropsis and the liverwort genus Metzgeria and many species of the liverwort family Lejeuneaceae), salt pans (the liverwort Carrpos), bases of quartz pebbles (the ...
- carrulim
- (from the article "Paraguay") ...walking on hot coals. The country's Afro-Paraguayan community at Kamba Kua celebrates an annual music and dance festival. Throughout the country, on August 1 it is a tradition to imbibe ...
- Carruth, Hayden
- American poet and literary critic best known for his jazz-influenced style and for works that explore mental illness. [1 Related Articles]
- Carruthers, David
- (from the article "Computers and Information Systems") ...U.S. could control it, but the enforcement efforts appeared to frighten investors away from the stocks of Internet gambling firms. In July U.S. officials arrested the chief executive of BetOnSports, ...
- carrying capacity
- the average population density or population size of a species below which its numbers tend to increase and above which its numbers tend to decrease because of shortages of resources. ...
- Carson City
- capital of Nevada, U.S., in Eagle Valley near the eastern foothills of the Sierra Nevada range, 30 miles (48 km) south of Reno and 14 miles (23 km) east of ... [1 Related Articles]
- Carson Pirie Scott & Co. store
- (from the article "Western architecture") ...for it in an essay published in Lippincott's Magazine (1896). That theory received even more dramatic expression in the Schlesinger-Mayer Department Store (later Carson Pirie Scott) in ...
- Carson River
- river formed by headstreams in the Sierra Nevada, California, U.S. The Carson flows 125 miles (200 km) northeast into western Nevada, where it disappears into the Carson Sink. Together with ...
- Carson, Anne
- (from the article "Canadian literature") ...Di Brandt (Questions I Asked My Mother, 1987; Jerusalem, Beloved, 1995) reenvision language, sexuality, and subjectivity through a feminist, lesbian, and theoretical lens. Anne Carson writes playful poems that interweave ...
- Carson, David
- American graphic designer, whose unconventional style revolutionized visual communication in the 1990s. [1 Related Articles]
- Carson, Edward Henry Carson, Baron
- lawyer and politician known as the "uncrowned king of Ulster," who successfully led northern Irish resistance to the British government's attempts to introduce Home Rule for the whole of Ireland. [1 Related Articles]
- Carson, Fort
- (from the article "Colorado Springs") ...Cheyenne Mountain houses the command and control facilities of NORAD and of other agencies; since 1966 it has been a primary base for aerospace defense and for the tracking of ...
- Carson, Johnny
- American comedian who, as host of The Tonight Show (1962-92), established the standard format for television chat shows-including the guest couch and the studio band-and came to ... [2 Related Articles]
- Carson, Kit
- American frontiersman, trapper, soldier, and Indian agent who made an important contribution to the westward expansion of the United States. His career as an Indian fighter earned him both folk ... [5 Related Articles]
- Carson, Rachel
- American biologist well known for her writings on environmental pollution and the natural history of the sea. [2 Related Articles]
- Carson, Robert
- (from the article "1937: Other Winners") Screenplay: Heinz Herald, Geza Herczeg, Norman Reilly Raine for The Life of Emile ZolaOriginal Story: William A. Wellman and Robert Carson for A Star Is BornCinematography: Karl Freund for The ...
- Carstares, William
- Presbyterian minister and leader of the Scottish church at the time of the Revolution Settlement.
- Carstens, Asmus Jacob
- portrait and historical painter of the German Neoclassical school who did much to infuse a classical spirit into the arts of the late 18th century. [1 Related Articles]
- Carstens, Karl
- German politician who helped shape West Germany's place in postwar Europe, serving as the republic's president from 1979 to 1984.
- Carswell, John
- (from the article "Celtic literature") In 1567 appeared the first book printed in Gaelic in Scotland: Bishop John Carswell's Foirm na n-Urrnuidheadh a translation of John Knox's liturgy, in Classical Common Gaelic.
- cart
- two-wheeled vehicle drawn by a draft animal, used throughout recorded history by numerous societies for the transportation of freight, agricultural produce, refuse, and people. The cart, usually drawn by a ... [2 Related Articles]
- Carta Pisana
- (from the article "map") ...Louis IX, king of France, on the occasion of his participation in the Eighth Crusade in 1270. The earliest surviving chart dates from within a few years of this event. ...
- Cartagena
- capital of Bolivar departamento, northern Colombia, at the northern end of Cartagena Bay. The old walled sections, including the 17th-century fortress of San Felipe de Barajas, lie on a peninsula ... [1 Related Articles]
- Cartagena
- (from the article "Murcia") The Baetic Cordillera in the southern portion of Murcia borders the Mediterranean and declines eastward into the plain of Cartagena. The tableland of Jumilla and Yecla rises in the northern ...
- Cartagena
- port city, in the provincia (province) and comunidad autonoma (autonomous community) of Murcia, southeastern Spain. It is the site of Spain's chief Mediterranean naval ... [3 Related Articles]
- Cartago
- city, east-central Costa Rica. Lying at 4,720 feet (1,439 metres) above sea level, the city is located on the fertile Central Plateau, at the foot of Irazu Volcano. Cartago was ... [2 Related Articles]
- Cartan, Elie-Joseph
- French mathematician who greatly developed the theory of Lie groups and contributed to the theory of subalgebras. [2 Related Articles]
- Cartan, Henri
- French mathematician who made fundamental advances in the theory of analytic functions. [2 Related Articles]
- Cartaphilus
- (from the article "wandering Jew") ...chronicler Roger of Wendover describes in his Flores historiarum how an archbishop from Greater Armenia, visiting England in 1228, reported that there was in Armenia a man formerly called Cartaphilus ...
- Carte du ciel
- projected photographic mapping of some 10 million stars in all parts of the sky that was planned to include all stars of the 14th magnitude or brighter and to list ... [1 Related Articles]
- Carte, Richard D'Oyly
- English impresario remembered for having managed the first productions of operas by Sir W. S. Gilbert and Sir Arthur Sullivan, for elevating his era's musical taste, and for contributing to ...
- carte-de-visite
- originally, a calling card, especially one with a photographic portrait mounted on it. Immensely popular in the mid-19th century, the carte-de-visite was touted by the Parisian portrait ... [2 Related Articles]
- Cartegena Convention
- (from the article "Caribbean Sea") ...have stimulated international initiatives toward managing and preserving the environment. The Convention for the Protection and Development of the Marine Environment of the Wider Caribbean Region (Cartegena Convention) was adopted ...
- cartel
- association of independent firms or individuals for the purpose of exerting some form of restrictive or monopolistic influence on the production or sale of a commodity. The most common arrangements ... [6 Related Articles]
- Carter Doctrine
- (from the article "international relations") ...adopting Brzezinski's formula that the Middle East and South Asia constituted an arc of crisis susceptible to Soviet adventurism. In his State of the Union address of January 1980 he ...
- Carter Family
- singing group consisting of Alvin Pleasant Carter, known as A.P. Carter (b. April 15, 1891, Maces Spring, Virginia, U.S., -d. November 7, 1960, Kentucky),, his wife, Sara, nee Sara ... [3 Related Articles]
- Carter Presidential Center
- (from the article "Carter, Jimmy") ...only acting as an adviser to the president but also attending cabinet meetings when the subjects under consideration were of interest to her-joined her husband in establishing the Carter Presidential ...
- Carter Seminary
- (from the article "Ardmore") Oil refining, manufacturing, ranching, tourism, and wholesaling are the major economic activities of the city. Ardmore is the site of Carter Seminary (formerly Bloomfield Academy, founded 1848), a boarding school ...
- Carter Sisters and Mother Maybelle
- (from the article "Cash, June Carter") ...Maybelle Carter, was part of the Carter Family, a popular trio that grew to include June and her sisters. After the group disbanded in 1943, June began touring with her ...
- Carter, Alvin Pleasant
- (from the article "Carter Family") singing group consisting of Alvin Pleasant Carter, known as A.P. Carter (b. April 15, 1891Maces Spring, Virginia, U.S.-d. November 7, 1960Kentucky), his wife, Sara, nee Sara...
- Carter, Angela
- British author who reshaped motifs from mythology, legends, and fairy tales in her books, lending them a ghastly humour and eroticism. [1 Related Articles]
- Carter, Benny
- American jazz musician, an original and influential alto saxophonist, who was also a masterly composer and arranger and an important bandleader, trumpeter, and clarinetist. [1 Related Articles]
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