| | - cardinal flower
- any of several closely related species of the genus Lobelia, perennial plants of the family Campanulaceae that are native to North and Central America. All bear spikes of scarlet, lipped ...
- cardinal number
- (from the article "continuum hypothesis") ...key result in starting set theory as a mathematical subject. Furthermore, Cantor developed a way of classifying the size of infinite sets according to the number of its elements, or ...
- cardinal priest
- (from the article "cardinal") The second and largest order in the College of Cardinals is that of the cardinal priests, the successors of the early body of priests serving the title churches of Rome. ...
- Cardinal system
- (from the article "lighthouse") ...New Zealand, Africa, the Persian Gulf, and most Asian states. Region B includes the Americas, Japan, Korea, and the Philippines. In both regions, the buoyage systems divide buoys into Lateral, ...
- cardinal temperature
- (from the article "agricultural technology") ...a certain minimum or exceeds a certain maximum value. Between these limits, there is an optimum temperature at which growth proceeds with greatest rapidity. These three temperature points are the ...
- cardinal tetra
- (from the article "tetra") ...is a slender fish that is very popular with aquarium owners. It grows to a length of 4 cm, its hind parts are coloured a gleaming red, and its sides ...
- cardinal vein
- (from the article "animal development") ...portal vein carry blood from the endodermal parts of the embryo and from the yolk sac to the heart, the blood from the mesodermal and ectodermal parts is returned to ...
- cardinal vowel
- (from the article "phonetics") Because of the difficulty of observing the precise tongue positions that occur in vowels, a set of eight vowels known as the cardinal vowels has been devised to act as ...
- Cardinal, Marie
- (from the article "French literature") ...discontents. Among writers in this vein were Violette Leduc in La Batarde (1964; "The Bastard"; Eng. trans. La Batarde) and Marie Cardinal in
- carding
- (from the article "Bodmer, Johann Georg") ...the first in 1816, when he visited ironworks, engineering shops, and textile mills. In 1824 he established a small factory at Bolton, Lancashire, to manufacture machinery that made the process ...
- cardiogenic shock
- (from the article "diagnosis") ...occurs when blood pressure falls to extremely low levels. The underlying cause of this precipitous drop characterizes shock; for example, hypovolemic shock is caused by inadequate blood volume, cardiogenic shock ...
- cardioid microphone
- (from the article "electromechanical transducer") Microphones also have directional characteristics. Those that uniformly pick up signals coming from all directions are referred to as omnidirectional. A common directional microphone is the cardioid microphone, so called ...
- cardiology
- medical specialty dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and abnormalities involving the heart and blood vessels. Cardiology is a medical, not surgical, discipline. Cardiologists provide the continuing care ...
- cardiomyopathy
- any cardiac disease process that results in heart failure due to a decrease in the pumping power of the heart or due to an impairment in the filling of the ... [1 Related Articles]
- cardiopulmonary bypass
- (from the article "cardiovascular disease") Cardiopulmonary bypass serves as a temporary substitute for a patient's heart and lungs during the course of open-heart surgery. The patient's blood is pumped through a heart-lung machine for artificial ...
- cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- emergency procedure for providing artificial respiration and blood circulation when normal breathing and circulation have stopped, usually as a result of trauma such as heart attack or near drowning. CPR ... [3 Related Articles]
- cardiotonic steroid
- (from the article "steroid") Preparations in which cardiotonic steroids of both vegetable and animal origin are the active principles have been used as emetics, diuretics, and arrow poisons for centuries. The use of digitalis, ...
- cardiovascular disease
- any of the diseases, whether congenital or acquired, of the heart and blood vessels. Among the most important are atherosclerosis, rheumatic heart disease, and vascular inflammation. Cardiovascular diseases are a ... [27 Related Articles]
- cardiovascular drug
- (from the article "cardiovascular drugs") Drugs that affect the function of the heart and blood vessels are among the most widely used in medicine. Although these drugs may exert their primary effect either on the ...
- Cardis, Treaty of
- (1661), peace settlement between Russia and Sweden, ending the war begun in 1656 and maintaining the territorial accords of the earlier Treaty of Stolbovo. See Stolbovo, Treaty of. [1 Related Articles]
- Cardisoma guanhumi
- (from the article "land crab") ...crabs that only occasionally, as adults, return to the sea. They occur in tropical America, West Africa, and the Indo-Pacific region. All species feed on both animal and plant tissue. ...
- cardoon
- (Cynara cardunculus), thistlelike perennial herb of the family Asteraceae, native to southern Europe and North Africa, where it is used as a vegetable. Its blanched inner leaves and stalk (called ...
- Cardoso, Fernando Henrique
- Brazilian sociologist, teacher, and politician who was president of Brazil from 1995 to 2003. [4 Related Articles]
- Cardoso, Lucio
- (from the article "Brazilian literature") The Brazilian novel continued to thrive with mid-20th-century novelists such as Lucio Cardoso, whose Cronica da casa assassinada (1959; "Chronicle of the Assassinated House") offered new introspective and psychological insights ...
- Cardoso, Ruth
- Brazilian anthropologist, educator, and public figure as the prominent wife of Brazilian Pres. Fernando Henrique Cardoso, and thus Brazil's first lady from 1995 to 2003, advocated and initiated important social-reform ...
- Cardozo, Benjamin Nathan
- American jurist, a creative common-law judge and legal essayist who influenced a trend in American appellate judging toward greater involvement with public policy and a consequent modernization of legal principles. ...
- Carducci, Bartolommeo
- Italian-born painter, architect, and sculptor who was active in Spain. [1 Related Articles]
- Carducci, Giosue
- Italian poet, winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1906, and one of the most influential literary figures of his age. [1 Related Articles]
- Carducci, Vincenzo
- Italian-born painter.
- Carduelidae
- formerly accepted name of a family of songbirds, order Passeriformes, consisting of about 112 species of gregarious, active little songbirds found in woodlands and brushlands worldwide, except in the Pacific ...
- Cardwell, Edward Cardwell, Viscount
- British statesman who, as secretary of state for war (1868-74), was considered to be the greatest British military reformer of the 19th century, modernizing the organization and equipment of the ... [1 Related Articles]
- CARE
- international aid and development organization that operates in some 35 countries worldwide. [1 Related Articles]
- care proceeding
- (from the article "juvenile justice") Youth courts also deal with children of any age up to 17 in what is called a care proceeding, which is based on the idea that the child is in ...
- careen
- (from the article "harbours and sea works") ...no particular problem and can generally be given maintenance care without putting the dock out of use. The most vulnerable areas, those immediately adjacent to the waterline, can be reached ...
- Careme, Marie-Antoine
- chef who served the royalty of Europe and wrote several classics of cuisine. [1 Related Articles]
- Careproctus
- (from the article "snailfish") ...Pacific and the Arctic and Antarctic seas. Some, such as the sea snail (Liparis liparis) of the North Atlantic, live in shore waters; others, such as the pink-coloured species of ...
- Carew, Richard
- English scholar and antiquary known especially for a history of Cornwall that gives an interesting picture of a country gentleman's life about 1600. [1 Related Articles]
- Carew, Rod
- professional American League (AL) baseball player who was one of the great hitters of his generation. He retired following the 1985 season after 19 years in the major leagues with ... [2 Related Articles]
- Carew, Thomas
- English poet and first of the Cavalier song writers.
- Carex
- (from the article "Cyperaceae") The six largest genera within the Cyperaceae account for about 3,500 species, nearly three-quarters of the total species: Carex (sedges; see photograph), with about 2,000 species; Cyperus, with nearly 650 ...
- Carey, George
- archbishop of Canterbury from 1991 to 2002, theologian noted for his evangelical beliefs.
- Carey, Henry
- English poet, playwright, and musician chiefly remembered for his ballads, especially "Sally in Our Alley," which appeared in a collection of his best poems set to music, called The Musical ...
- Carey, Henry C.
- American economist and sociologist, often called the founder of the American school of economics, widely known in his day as an advocate of trade barriers.
- Carey, John
- (from the article "Literature") Lest anyone doubt the value of culture in the modern world, popular intellectual John Carey produced What Good Are the Arts? The second half of the book puts "The Case ...
- Carey, Mariah
- American pop singer, noted for her remarkable vocal range. She was one of the most successful female performers of the 1990s. [3 Related Articles]
- Carey, Peter
- Australian writer known for use of the surreal in his short stories and novels. [2 Related Articles]
- Carey, Ron
- American labour leader and general president, from 1991 to 1997, of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT), the first Teamsters president elected by direct vote of rank-and-file members. [1 Related Articles]
- Carey, S. Warren
- (from the article "plate tectonics") In 1958, the Australian geologist S. Warren Carey proposed a rival model, known as the expanding Earth model. Carey accepted the existence and early Mesozoic breakup of Pangea and the ...
- Carey, William
- founder of the English Baptist Missionary Society (1792), lifelong missionary to India, and educator whose mission at Serampur set the pattern for modern missionary work. He has been called the ... [3 Related Articles]
- Careysburg
- city, western Liberia, western Africa. It was first settled in 1859 by freed North American slaves (mainly from Barbados and the United States); the town, named for the Reverend Lott ...
- Carfagno, Edward
- (from the article "1952: Other Winners") ...Black-and-White: Robert Surtees for The Bad and the BeautifulCinematography, Color: Winton C. Hoch and Archie Stout for The Quiet ManArt Direction, Black-and-White: Edward Carfagno and Cedric Gibbons for The Bad ...
- cargo
- (from the article "northern Mexican Indian") ...community is built around a political and religious structure having its origin in the village organization set up by early missionaries to carry out church fiestas. It consists of a ...
- cargo cult
- any of the religious movements chiefly, but not solely, in Melanesia that exhibit belief in the imminence of a new age of blessing, to be initiated by the arrival of ... [5 Related Articles]
- cargo insurance
- (from the article "insurance") ...or the carrier. Hull insurance covers losses to the vessel itself from specified perils. Usually there is a provision that the marine hull should be covered only within specified geographic ...
- cargo ship
- (from the article "ship") The basic functions of the warship and cargo ship determined their design. Because fighting ships required speed, adequate space for substantial numbers of fighting men, and the ability to maneuver ...
- cargolada
- (from the article "Roussillon") ...Catalan is widely spoken, and French is spoken with a heavy Catalan accent. The regional cuisine relies on olive oil. Ollada, or ouillade, is a beef stew cooked in a ...
- Carham, Battle of
- (from the article "Alba") ...Norsemen and Danes, Alba was left isolated. With the withdrawal of the Norsemen, England, under the English, then launched invasions against Alba but were ultimately repelled by Malcolm II at ...
- Caria
- ancient district of southwestern Anatolia. One of the most thoroughly Hellenized districts, its territory included Greek cities along its Aegean shore and a mountainous interior bounded by Lydia in the ... [6 Related Articles]
- Cariamae
- (from the article "gruiform") ...and bustards-the first representatives of the modern families-appeared. In the Oligocene Epoch (about 34-23 million years ago) the limpkins and the suborder Cariamae had their beginnings. The Cariamae are represented ...
- Carian
- (from the article "Anatolia") ...of the interior. The Mysians, an aboriginal people of the valley of the Bakir (Caicus) River and the mountains to the north, are mentioned in an 8th-century Carchemish inscription. The ...
- Carian language
- an extinct Anatolian language once spoken in Caria, an ancient district of southwest Anatolia. Most evidence for the language comes from Egypt, where Carian mercenaries in the service of the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Carias Andino, Tiburcio
- (from the article "Honduras") ...Conservatives formed the National Party to challenge continued Liberal rule. In 1932, following political unrest and economic decline caused by the Great Depression, National Party leader General Tiburcio Carias Andino ...
- Carib
- American Indian people who inhabited the Lesser Antilles and parts of the neighbouring South American coast at the time of the Spanish conquest. Their name was given to the Caribbean ... [12 Related Articles]
- Carib language
- (from the article "South American Indian languages") ...to determine. Many Indian languages in the Andes and the eastern foothills have borrowed from Quechua either directly or through Spanish. In Island Carib (an Arawakan language), borrowings from Carib ...
- Cariban languages
- a group of South American Indian languages that were spoken before the Spanish conquest from what is now the Greater Antilles to the central Mato Grosso in Brazil; most of ... [3 Related Articles]
- Caribbean Basin Initiative
- (from the article "international relations") ...with leftist governments on the Caribbean islands of Jamaica, Trinidad, and Grenada also appeared to be on the increase, a trend that the Reagan administration tried to counter with its ...
- Caribbean Community and Common Market
- organization of Caribbean nations and dependencies that was established in 1973 by the Treaty of Chaguaramas. It replaced the former Caribbean Free Trade Association (Carifta), which had become effective in ... [9 Related Articles]
- Caribbean Court of Justice
- (from the article "Belize") ...justice heads the Supreme Court, but the Court of Appeal is the country's highest court; both are independent of the national government. In 2001 Belize joined most members of Caricom ...
- Caribbean culture
- (from the article "Native American dance") Colombia has fewer religious celebrations and a greater profusion of courtship dances. The joropo extends into eastern Colombia. On the Caribbean coast the bullerengue, ...
- Caribbean Current
- powerful surface oceanic current passing west through the Caribbean Sea, then north through the Yucatan Channel, and finally east out the Straits of Florida to form the Florida Current. The ... [1 Related Articles]
- Caribbean Free Trade Association
- (from the article "Guyana") Guyana's major trading partners are the United States, the United Kingdom, and Trinidad and Tobago. Guyana joined the Caribbean Free Trade Association (Carifta) in 1965 and then became a member ...
- Caribbean literature
- literary works of the Caribbean area written in Spanish, French, or English. The literature of the Caribbean has no indigenous tradition. The pre-Columbian American Indians left few rock carvings or ... [1 Related Articles]
- Caribbean manatee
- (from the article "manatee") The Florida manatee (T. manatus latirostris), which is also found seasonally in the waters of nearby states, is one subspecies of the West Indian manatee (
- Caribbean monk seal
- (from the article "monk seal") Monk seals have been hunted extensively for fur, oil, and meat, and all three species are listed as endangered in the Red Data Book. The Caribbean, or West Indian, monk ...
- Caribbean National Forest
- (from the article "Central, Cordillera") ...the northeastern part of the island; it is separated from the Sierra de Cayey by the Caguas, Gurabo, and Blanco valleys. Almost two-thirds of this humid tropical region is occupied ...
- Caribbean Plate
- (from the article "North America") ...platform sometime between about 60 and 35 million years ago. This collision initiated a reorganization of Caribbean tectonics. The collision zone, notably the island of Cuba, was sheared off the ...
- Caribbean Reef
- (from the article "Shedd Aquarium") ...species of fishes (both freshwater and marine) and other aquatic animals from around the world. The total water capacity is some 5 million gallons (19 million litres). A special display ...
- Caribbean Sea
- suboceanic basin of the western Atlantic Ocean, lying between latitudes 9° and 22° N and longitudes 89° and 60° W. It is approximately 1,063,000 square miles (2,753,000 square km) in ... [3 Related Articles]
- Caribbean Series
- (from the article "Baseball") Baseball's 2007 Caribbean Series was held in Carolina, P.R., on February 2-7. The Cibao Eagles (Aguilas Cibaenas), representing the Dominican Republic, won the title with a 5-1 record. The Carolina ...
- Caribbean stud poker
- (from the article "poker") In Caribbean stud poker each player pits a five-card stud hand against the dealer's hand. First the players make an ante bet. Then the dealer gives the players and himself ...
- Cariboo Mountains
- range in eastern British Columbia, Canada, forming the northern subdivision of the Columbia Mountains. The Cariboo Mountains lie within an area enclosed by the great bend of the Fraser River ... [2 Related Articles]
- Cariboo Road
- wagon trail that was constructed (1862-65) in the Fraser River valley, in southern British Columbia, Canada, to serve the Cariboo gold rush. The trail extended more than 400 miles (644 ...
- Caribou
- city, Aroostook county, northeastern Maine, U.S. It lies along the Aroostook River, near the New Brunswick border, 13 miles (21 km) north of Presque Isle. Settled in 1824, it developed ...
- Caricaceae
- (from the article "Brassicales") Caricaceae and Moringaceae form a very distinctive group with many anatomical features in common. Their stems are stout; the venation of the leaves is palmate; and there are tiny glands ...
- caricature
- (from the article "caricature and cartoon") Caricature is the distorted presentation of a person, type, or action. Commonly, a salient feature or characteristic of the subject is seized upon and exaggerated, or features of animals, birds, ...
- caricature and cartoon
- in graphic art, comically distorted drawing or likeness, done with the purpose of satirizing or ridiculing its subject. Cartoons are used today primarily for conveying political commentary and editorial opinion ...
- caricature de moeurs
- (from the article "Daumier, Honore") ...or from sculpture as he had set out to do. He therefore accepted commissions for lithographs-portraits and, at a very early age, cartoons of morals and manners (
- caricature plant
- (from the article "Acanthaceae") ...such ornamentals as bear's-breech (Acanthus mollis), clock vine (Thunbergia), shrimp plant (Justicia brandegeeana; formerly known as Beloperone guttata), and caricature plant (Graptophyllum pictum). The largest genera include ...
- Caricoideae
- (from the article "Cyperaceae") ...The Cyperoideae, the largest subfamily including about 70 genera and 2,400 species, has usually perfect flowers in simple spikes with often numerous spirally arranged or two-ranked scales. The Caricoideae, the ...
- Caridad, Hospital de la
- (from the article "Roldan, Pedro") ...the late Baroque, Roldan attempted to cross the boundaries of the different arts in order to combine painting, sculpture, and architecture in a theatrical unity. His work on the altarpiece ...
- Caridad, Virgen de la
- (from the article "Santiago de Cuba") A short drive from Santiago de Cuba is Cobre, an old copper-mining town that houses Cuba's most important shrine-dedicated to the Virgen de la Caridad (Virgin of Charity), proclaimed to ...
- caries
- cavity or decay of a tooth, a localized disease that begins at the surface of the tooth and may progress through the dentine into the pulp cavity. It is believed ... [6 Related Articles]
- Carignano, Palazzo
- (from the article "Guarini, Guarino") The Palazzo Carignano in Turin (1679) is Guarini's masterpiece of palace design. With its billowing facade, its magnificent curved double stair, and its astonishing double dome in the main salon, ...
- Carillo, Alfonso
- (from the article "Jimenez de Cisneros, Francisco, Cardenal") ...humanists at the papal court but was impressed by their learning. Pope Paul II gave him an "expective letter" for the first vacant benefice in the archdiocese of Toledo. The ...
- carillon
- musical instrument consisting of at least 23 cast bronze bells in fixed suspension, tuned in chromatic order (i.e., in half steps) and capable of concordant harmony when sounded together. Customarily ... [3 Related Articles]
- Carinhall
- (from the article "Goring, Hermann") ...enabled him to obtain a vast forest estate in the Schorfheide, north of Berlin, where from 1933 he developed a great baronial establishment on a scale commensurate with his ambitions. ...
- Carinus
- Roman emperor from AD 283 to 285. [3 Related Articles]
- Carioca, Tahia
- Egyptian dancer and motion picture actress whose subtle sexuality and superb technique in the art of raqs sharqi, or belly dancing, made her a national figure and earned her the ...
- Caris River
- (from the article "Orinoco River") ...and alluvial islands are abundant; some of the islands are large enough to divide the channel into narrow passages. Tributaries include the Guarico, Manapire, Suata (Zuata), Pao, and Caris rivers, ...
- Carisbrooke
- locality on the Isle of Wight, historic county of Hampshire, England. It lies just southwest of Newport. The locality's chief landmark is a great castle on a steep hill that ...
- Carisbrooke Castle
- (from the article "Carisbrooke") locality on the Isle of Wight, historic county of Hampshire, England. It lies just southwest of Newport. The locality's chief landmark is a great castle on a steep hill that ...
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