| | - Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest
- (from the article "Dillon") ...as a wool-shipping point, and the founding there in 1893 of Montana's first normal school (later Western Montana College) sustained its growth. The city lies between several divisions of the ...
- Beavers, Louise
- African American film and television actress known for her character roles.
- Beaverton
- city, Washington county, northwestern Oregon, U.S., in the Tualatin Valley, immediately west of Portland. The area was originally home to the Atfalati (mispronounced Tualatin) band of Kalapuya (Calapooya) Indians, most ...
- Beawar
- town, Rajasthan state, northwestern India. A major rail and road junction, Beawar is an agricultural and woollen market centre. Industries include cotton ginning, handloom weaving, hosiery manufacture, and wood carving. ...
- bebeerine
- (from the article "Laurales") ...known as greenheart, an olive-green to black wood from northern South America, is a very durable, strong, dense wood ideally suited to underwater applications, such as boats and wharf pilings. ...
- Bebel, August
- German Socialist, cofounder of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) of Germany and its most influential and popular leader for more than 40 years. He is one of the leading figures ... [2 Related Articles]
- Bebey, Francis
- Cameroonian-born writer, guitarist, and composer, one of the best-known singer-songwriters of Africa. He is sometimes called the father of world music. [1 Related Articles]
- bebop
- the first kind of modern jazz, which split jazz into two opposing camps in the last half of the 1940s. The word is an onomatopoeic rendering of a staccato two-tone ... [14 Related Articles]
- Bec
- (from the article "Anselm of Canterbury, Saint") ...received an excellent classical education and was considered one of the better Latinists of his day. His early education impressed on him the need to be precise in his use ...
- becard
- any of many tropical American birds belonging to the family Cotingidae (order Passeriformes) that usually builds its large ball nest on an exposed branch near a colony of stinging wasps. ...
- Becaud, Gilbert
- French singer-songwriter (b. Oct. 24, 1927, Toulon, France-d. Dec. 18, 2001, Paris, France), composed "chansons francaises," romantic melodies that became pop hits for him as well as for many other ...
- Beccafumi, Domenico
- Italian painter and sculptor, a leader in the post-Renaissance style known as Mannerism. [1 Related Articles]
- Beccari, Odoardo
- (from the article "Doria, Giacomo") Doria's first major expedition was to Persia, in 1862. After that, he accompanied the naturalist Odoardo Beccari to Borneo, where they explored the region of the No and the course ...
- Beccaria, Cesare
- Italian criminologist and economist whose Dei delitti e delle pene (Eng. trans. J.A. Farrer, Crimes and Punishment, 1880) was a celebrated volume on the reform of criminal justice. [7 Related Articles]
- Beccaria, Giovanni Battista
- (from the article "biophysics") ...prevailed were the advances sometimes made either by professors of physics who were interested in biological phenomena or professors of anatomy, a subject that at that time included physiology. Thus ...
- Beccles
- town (parish), Waveney district, administrative and historic county of Suffolk, England, on the River Waveney. The land was given to St. Edmund's Church at Bury about 956, and Beccles was ...
- Becerra-Schmidt, Gustavo
- (from the article "Latin American music") ...styles and genres. Juan Amenabar and Jose Vicente Asuar initiated the first experiments in electronic music in 1954. Juan Orrego-Salas earned the widest reputation outside his country. Gustavo Becerra-Schmidt, an ...
- Bechar
- town, western Algeria. It lies in the northern reaches of the Sahara, 36 miles (58 km) south of the Moroccan border. The town is named for nearby Mount Bechar, rising ...
- Beche, Sir Henry Thomas De La
- geologist who founded the Geological Survey of Great Britain, which made the first methodical geologic survey of an entire country ever undertaken.
- beche-de-mer
- boiled, dried, and smoked flesh of sea cucumbers (phylum Echinodermata) used to make soups. Most beche-de-mer comes from the southwestern Pacific, where the animals (any of a dozen species of ... [3 Related Articles]
- Beche-de-Mer
- (from the article "beche-de-mer") Beche-de-mer, or Beach-la-Mar, is a pidgin English term used in New Guinea and nearby islands, where the trepang trade has long been important. The term Beche-de-Mer has also come to ...
- Becher, Bernd
- German photographer together with his wife, Hilla, depicted functional postindustrial structures-including water towers, steel mills, blast furnaces, and grain elevators-in black-and-white images that captured the stark elegance of the objects ... [1 Related Articles]
- Becher, Hilla
- (from the article "Germany") ...who won international art prizes and had their work featured in the world's most prominent museums included Wolfgang Tillmans, who gained attention for his portraits of youth culture; Bernd and ...
- Becher, Johann Joachim
- chemist, physician, and adventurer whose theories of combustion influenced Georg Stahl's phlogiston theory. Becher believed substances to be composed of three earths, the vitrifiable, the mercurial, and the combustible. He ... [2 Related Articles]
- Becher, Johannes Robert
- poet and critic, editor, and government official who was among the most important advocates of revolutionary social reform in Germany during the 1920s and who later served as minister of ...
- Bechet, Sidney
- jazz musician known as a master of the soprano saxophone. [3 Related Articles]
- Bechtel Corporation
- (from the article "Bechtel, Stephen D") American construction engineer and business executive, president (1936-60) of W.A. Bechtel Company and its successor, Bechtel Corp., one of the world's largest construction and engineering firms. Projects to which his ...
- Bechtel, Friedrich
- classical scholar who contributed substantially to Greek dialectology and Homeric criticism.
- Bechtel, Stephen D
- American construction engineer and business executive, president (1936-60) of W.A. Bechtel Company and its successor, Bechtel Corp., one of the world's largest construction and engineering firms. Projects to which his ...
- Beck
- American singer-songwriter who brought Bob Dylan's embodiment of the hipster folk minstrel into the age of hip-hop and sampling.
- Beck Depression Inventory
- (from the article "diagnosis") ...conflict, and interpersonal relationships.Information about a person's concerns and emotional conflicts can be gathered by administering the draw-a-person test and the sentence-completion test.The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), a 21-item self-administered ...
- Beck, Aaron T.
- (from the article "mental disorder") Cognitive psychotherapy is most associated with the theoretical approaches developed by the American psychiatrist Aaron T. Beck and the American psychologist Albert Ellis. It is often used in combination with ...
- Beck, David
- ("DAVE") U.S. labour leader (b. June 16, 1894, Stockton, Calif.--d. Dec. 26, 1993, Seattle, Wash.), as president of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters from 1952 to 1957, was one of ... [1 Related Articles]
- Beck, Jeff
- (from the article "Stewart, Rod") ...in folk music and rhythm and blues, he was a member of two relatively obscure London-based bands (Steampacket and Shotgun Express) in the mid-1960s before teaming with the influential guitarist ...
- Beck, Jozef
- Polish army officer and foreign minister from 1932 to 1939, one of Jozef Pilsudski's most trusted confidants. He attempted to maintain Poland's friendly relations with Germany, France, and Romania while ... [3 Related Articles]
- Beck, Julian
- (from the article "Living Theatre, The") theatrical repertory company founded in New York City in 1947 by Julian Beck and Judith Malina. It is known for its innovative production of experimental drama, often on radical themes, ...
- Beck, Ludwig
- German general who, as chief of the army general staff (1935-38), opposed Adolf Hitler's expansionist policies and who was a central figure in the unsuccessful July Plot to assassinate Hitler ... [2 Related Articles]
- Beck, Martin
- Hungarian-born American theatre manager, owner, and impresario, who managed (1903-23) the dominant vaudeville circuit between Chicago and California.
- Beck, Max Wladimir, Baron von
- premier (1906-08) of Austria whose administration introduced universal male suffrage to the Austrian half of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. [1 Related Articles]
- Beck, Vilhelm
- (from the article "Denmark") ...pride in the Danish heritage. A separate revival movement also was organized within the framework of the Danish church. Known as the Home Mission (Indre Mission), it was founded by ...
- Becke, Friedrich Johann Karl
- mineralogist who in 1903 presented to the International Geological Congress a paper on the composition and texture of the crystalline schists. Published in amplified form in 1913, his paper contained ...
- Beckenbauer, Franz
- German football (soccer) player who is the only man to have both captained and managed World Cup-winning teams (1974 and 1990, respectively). Nicknamed "der Kaiser," Beckenbauer dominated German football in ...
- Becker muscular dystrophy
- (from the article "muscular dystrophy") Becker muscular dystrophy has symptoms similar to Duchenne but begins in later childhood or adolescence and progresses more slowly. It is also a sex-linked disorder that is caused by a ...
- Becker, Boris
- German tennis player who, on July 7, 1985, became the youngest champion in the history of the men's singles at Wimbledon. At the same time, he became the only unseeded ... [1 Related Articles]
- Becker, Carl
- American historian known for his work on early American intellectual history and on the 18th-century Enlightenment.
- Becker, Gary S.
- American economist, awarded the Nobel Prize for Economics in 1992. He applied the methods of economics to aspects of human behaviour previously considered more or less the exclusive domain of ... [2 Related Articles]
- Becker, George Ferdinand
- geologist who advanced the study of mining geology from physical, chemical, and mathematical approaches.
- Becker, Howard S.
- American sociologist known for his studies of occupations, education, deviance, and art. [1 Related Articles]
- Becker, Walter
- (from the article "Steely Dan") ...a studio-based duo, Steely Dan drew from the gamut of American musical styles to create some of the most intelligent and complex pop music of the 1970s. The band members ...
- Becker, Wilhelm Adolf
- German classical archaeologist, remembered for his works on the everyday life of the ancient Romans and Greeks.
- becket
- (from the article "spear-thrower") Allied to these spear-throwers is the becket, a short length of cord that operates like a sling, causing the hurled spear to spin as it flies. A similar contrivance used ...
- Becket, Frederick Mark
- metallurgist who developed a process of using silicon instead of carbon as a reducing agent in metal production, thus making low-carbon ferroalloys and certain steels practical.
- Becket, Saint Thomas
- chancellor of England (1155-62) and archbishop of Canterbury (1162-70) during the reign of King Henry II. His career was marked by a long quarrel with Henry that ended with Becket's ... [10 Related Articles]
- Beckett, Josh
- (from the article "Baseball") ...Red Sox also swept the St. Louis Cardinals in the 2004 World Series.) In game one, played in Boston on October 24, the Red Sox routed Colorado 13-1, behind a ...
- Beckett, Margaret
- British politician who served as foreign secretary of the United Kingdom (2006-07), the first woman to hold the post. [1 Related Articles]
- Beckett, Samuel
- author, critic, and playwright, winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1969. He wrote in both French and English and is perhaps best known for his plays, especially En ... [12 Related Articles]
- Beckett, Sister Wendy
- South African-born British nun, who appeared on a series of popular television shows and wrote a number of books as an art critic. Nicknamed the "Art Nun," she offered eloquent ... [2 Related Articles]
- Beckford, William
- eccentric English dilettante, author of the Gothic novel Vathek (1786). Such writers as George Gordon, Lord Byron, and Stephane Mallarme acknowledged his genius. He also is renowned for having built ...
- Beckford, William
- gentleman merchant, member of Parliament, and lord mayor of London (1762-63, 1769-70) who was particularly noted as a pioneer of the radical movement.
- Beckham, David
- English football (soccer) player, who gained international fame for his onfield play as well as for his highly publicized personal life. [3 Related Articles]
- Beckham, David and Victoria
- Even for a country as obsessed with celebrity status as Great Britain, the phenomenon of David and Victoria Beckham grew in 2001 into something remarkable. When David, the captain of ...
- Beckham, David and Victoria
- Even for a country as obsessed with celebrity status as Great Britain, the phenomenon of David and Victoria Beckham grew in 2001 into something remarkable. When David, the captain of ... [2 Related Articles]
- Beckley
- city, seat (1850) of Raleigh county, southern West Virginia, U.S., approximately 50 miles (80 km) southeast of Charleston. The first settlement was established by General Alfred Beckley in 1838, but ...
- Becklin-Neugebauer object
- (from the article "infrared source") ...Nebula, an H II region (one of ionized hydrogen) in the constellation Orion. Interestingly, this nebula is associated with one of the most curious infrared sources yet discovered, the so-called ...
- Beckmann rearrangement
- (from the article "amine") ...the halogen ion; the final step, the loss of a CO32− group, leads to a primary amine of one less carbon atom (i.e., RCONH2 becomes RNH2). The Beckmann rearrangement, by ...
- Beckmann, Max
- German Expressionist painter and printmaker whose works are notable for the boldness and power of their symbolic commentary on the tragic events of the 20th century. [4 Related Articles]
- Becknell, William
- trader of the American West who established the Santa Fe Trail.
- Beckner, Morton O.
- (from the article "nature, philosophy of") Modern discussion of the structure of evolutionary theory was started by the American philosopher Morton O. Beckner (1928-2001), who argued that there are many more or less independent branches-including population ...
- Beckstein, Gunther
- (from the article "Germany") ...year Stoiber's stance resulted in a steady decline of support and heavy criticism within the CSU, and he resigned as promised. In October the Bavarian state parliament elected Vice Minister-Pres. ...
- Beckwith, Byron De La
- American white supremacist (b. Nov. 9, 1920, Colusa, Calif.-d. Jan. 21, 2001, Jackson, Miss.), was the convicted murderer of civil rights leader Medgar Evers. On June 12, 1963, Evers, the ... [2 Related Articles]
- Beckwith, David C.
- (from the article "The U.S. Election of 2004") When a U.S. president seeks reelection, the outcome is usually decisive. A consensus emerges on whether the incumbent deserves to be kept on, and the sitting president is either dismissed ...
- Beckwith, Francis
- (from the article "Religion") In May, Francis Beckwith, a professor at Baptist-affiliated Baylor University, Waco, Texas, resigned from the presidency of (and membership in) the Evangelical Theological Society, an organization that required commitment to ...
- Beckwourth, Jim
- American mountain man who lived for an extended period among the Indians.
- Becontree Estate
- (from the article "Barking and Dagenham") Barking was an important fishing port until the coming of the railways (19th century), when market gardening became the main economic activity. This, in turn, ceased with the building of ...
- Becque, Henry-Francois
- dramatist and critic whose loosely structured plays, based on character and motivation rather than on closely knit plots, provided a healthy challenge to the "well-made plays" that held the stage ... [1 Related Articles]
- Becquer, Gustavo Adolfo
- poet and author of the late Romantic period who is considered one of the first modern Spanish poets. [1 Related Articles]
- becquerel
- (from the article "activity") Activity is expressed in the International System of Units by the becquerel (abbreviated Bq), which is exactly equal to one disintegration per second. The old standard unit was the curie ...
- Becquerel, Alexandre-Edmond
- (from the article "thermionic power converter") ...de Cisternay Du Fay, a French chemist, noted that electricity may be conducted in the gaseous matter-that is to say, plasma-adjacent to a red-hot body. In 1853 the French physicist ...
- Becquerel, Antoine-Cesar
- (from the article "solar cell") The development of solar cell technology stems from the work of the French physicist Antoine-Cesar Becquerel in 1839. Becquerel discovered the photovoltaic effect while experimenting with a solid electrode in ...
- Becquerel, Henri
- French physicist who discovered radioactivity through his investigations of uranium and other substances. In 1903 he shared the Nobel Prize for Physics with Pierre and Marie Curie. [3 Related Articles]
- bed
- piece of furniture upon which a person may recline or sleep, for many centuries considered the most important piece of furniture in the house and a prized status symbol. In ... [4 Related Articles]
- bed
- (from the article "sedimentary rock") ...a general tabular or lenticular form that differ in rock type or other characteristics from the material with which they are interstratified (sometimes stated as interbedded, or interlayered). These beds, ...
- Bed I
- (from the article "Olduvai Gorge") ...a delineated sequence of strata from which evolutionary events could be traced. Seven major stratigraphic units, or formations, have been distinguished. From the oldest to the youngest they are: Bed ...
- Bed II
- (from the article "Olduvai Gorge") ...events could be traced. Seven major stratigraphic units, or formations, have been distinguished. From the oldest to the youngest they are: Bed I (about 1,700,000 to 2,100,000 years old), Bed ...
- Bed III
- (from the article "Olduvai Gorge") ...stratigraphic units, or formations, have been distinguished. From the oldest to the youngest they are: Bed I (about 1,700,000 to 2,100,000 years old), Bed II (1,150,000-1,700,000 years old), Bed III ...
- Bed IV
- (from the article "Olduvai Gorge") ...distinguished. From the oldest to the youngest they are: Bed I (about 1,700,000 to 2,100,000 years old), Bed II (1,150,000-1,700,000 years old), Bed III (800,000-1,150,000 years old), Bed IV (600,000-800,000 ...
- bed-type milling machine
- (from the article "machine tool") Milling machines used for repet-itive-production milling operations generally are classified as bed-type milling machines because of their design. The sliding table is mounted directly onto the massive bed of the ...
- bed-wetting
- (from the article "enuresis") ...physical disorder. Enuresis may additionally be classified as primary (when urinary continence has never been achieved), secondary (when continence was achieved for at least one year and then lost), nocturnal ...
- bedaja
- (from the article "Southeast Asian arts") ...or "pure," dances that do not express emotional states of characters are numerous in both folk and court traditions. Among court dances, the Javanese bedaja is typical. ...
- Bedard, Myriam
- Canadian biathlete who was the first North American to medal in the Olympic biathlon, earning a bronze medal at the 1992 Winter Games in Albertville, France. She later won two ... [1 Related Articles]
- Bedaux, Charles Eugene
- French-born American efficiency engineer who developed the Bedaux plan for measuring and compensating industrial labour.
- bedbug
- any of about 75 species of insects in the true bug order, Heteroptera, that feed on the blood of humans and other warm-blooded animals. The reddish brown adult is broad ... [1 Related Articles]
- Bedde
- traditional emirate, Yobe state, northern Nigeria. Although Bade (Bedde, Bede) peoples settled in the vicinity of Tagali village near Gashua as early as the 14th century, they shortly thereafter came ...
- bedded chert
- (from the article "chert and flint") Bedded chert, also referred to as ribbon chert, is made up of layers of chert interbedded with thin layers of shale. Many bedded cherts are made up of the remains ...
- bedded phosphorite
- (from the article "sedimentary rock") ...of the mineral apatite (calcium phosphate), but rocks composed predominantly of phosphate are rare. Nevertheless, three principal types exist: (1) regionally extensive, crystalline nodular, and bedded phosphorites, (2) localized concentrations ...
- Beddoes, Thomas Lovell
- poet best known for his haunting dramatic poem Death's Jest-Book; or, The Fool's Tragedy. [1 Related Articles]
- Bede the Venerable, Saint
- Anglo-Saxon theologian, historian, and chronologist, best known today for his Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum ("Ecclesiastical History of the English People"), a source vital to the history of ... [28 Related Articles]
- bedeguar gall
- (from the article "gall wasp") ...About 30 such larvae may develop in a single "apple," or gall. The marble gall, a green or brown growth about 2.5 cm (1 inch) in diameter, is caused by ...
- Bedford
- borough (district), administrative county of Bedfordshire, south-central England. The borough lies almost entirely within the historic county of Bedfordshire, except for a small area northwest of Pertenhall that belongs to ...
- Bedford
- town, Bedford borough, administrative and historic county of Bedfordshire, England, in the fertile valley of the River Ouse. A Roman fording station and a Saxon town (cemetery of Kempston), it ...
- Bedford
- town (township), Middlesex county, northeastern Massachusetts, U.S. It lies near the Concord River, just northwest of Boston. Settled in 1642, it developed around an Algonquian Indian trading post called the ...
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