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Bardas ... bark painting

Bardas: (from the article "Michael III") After a quarrel with his mother, Michael connived at the murder of Theoctistus by his maternal uncle Bardas (November 855) and in March 856, with the help of Bardas, took ...
Bardawil Lake: (from the article "Shamal Sina'") ...155 miles (250 km) long, lies in the northeastern section of the governorate and empties into the Mediterranean Sea near Al-'Arish. Along the northern coast lies the large and brackish ...
bardd teulu: (from the article "Celtic literature") ...At the top of the order was the pencerdd ("chief of song or craft"), the ruler's chief poet, whose duty was to sing the praise of God, the ruler, and ...
Bardeen, John: American physicist who was cowinner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in both 1956 and 1972. He shared the 1956 prize with William B. Shockley and Walter H. Brattain for ... [4 Related Articles]
Bardem, Javier: charismatic and versatile Spanish actor who first came to prominence in the 1990s. [2 Related Articles]
Bardesanes: a leading representative of Syrian Gnosticism. Bardesanes was a pioneer of the Christian faith in Syria who embarked on missionary work after his conversion in 179. [2 Related Articles]
Bardhan, Shanti: (from the article "South Asian arts") Shanti Bardhan, a junior colleague of Uday Shankar, produced some of the most imaginative dance-dramas of the modern period. After founding the Little Ballet Troupe in Andheri, Bombay, in 1952 ...
Bardi chapel: (from the article "Giotto di Bondone") ...The Giugni Chapel frescoes are lost, as are all the Tosinghi-Spinelli ones, except for an Assumption over the entrance, not universally accepted as by Giotto. The Bardi ...
Bardi Family: an aristocratic Florentine family that successfully developed its financial and banking company to become one of the most influential European business powers between 1250 and 1345. [1 Related Articles]
Bardi, Giovanni, conte di Vernio: musician, writer, and scientist, influential in the evolution of opera. About 1573 he founded the Florentine Camerata, a group that sought to revive ancient Greek music and drama. Among the ... [2 Related Articles]
Bardi-Busini, Palazzo: (from the article "Brunelleschi, Filippo") ...and palaces with which biographers and scholars have credited him, the most significant of which (all in Florence) are the Pitti Palace, a rejected plan for the Palazzo Medici-Riccardi, and ...
Bardia: (from the article "World War II") Falling back across the frontier into Cyrenaica, the remnant of the Italian forces from Sidi Barrani shut itself up in the fortress of Bardia (Bardiyah), which O'Connor's tanks speedily isolated. ...
Bardiya: (6th century BC), king of Persia in 522-521 BC. [6 Related Articles]
Bardo, Treaty of: (1881), agreement that established France's protectorate over Tunisia. A French expeditionary force of 36,000 men was sent to Tunisia in 1881 at the urging of the French foreign minister, Jules ... [2 Related Articles]
Bardossy, Laszlo: Hungarian politician who played a key role in bringing his country into World War II as an ally of Germany. [2 Related Articles]
Bardot, Brigitte: French motion-picture actress who became an international sex symbol in the 1950s and '60s.
Bardsey Island: small island, with an area of 0.7 square mile (1.8 square km), off the tip of the Lleyn Peninsula, Gwynedd county, historic county of Caernavonshire (Sir Gaernarfon), Wales. It is ...
Bardstown: city, seat (1784) of Nelson county, in the outer Bluegrass region of central Kentucky, U.S., 39 miles (63 km) southeast of Louisville. Founded as Salem in 1778, it was later ...
bare license: (from the article "license") in property law, permission to enter or use the property of another. There are three categories of license: bare licenses, contractual licenses, and licenses coupled with an interest. A bare ...
bare-eared squirrel monkey: (from the article "squirrel monkey") ...Central American squirrel monkeys (S. oerstedii) have black crowns and reddish backs. The common and Central American species both have hair on the ears, unlike the bare-eared ...
bare-knuckle boxing: (from the article "boxing") Boxing history picks up again with a formal bout recorded in Britain in 1681, and by 1698 regular pugilistic contests were being held in the Royal Theatre of London. The ...
bare-necked umbrellabird: (from the article "umbrellabird") ...umbrellabird (Cephalopterus penduliger), found west of the Andes in Ecuador and Colombia, the wattle may be 28 cm (11 inches) long and is entirely shingled with short, black feathers. The ...
bareback bronc-riding: rodeo event in which a cowboy attempts to ride a bucking horse (bronco) for a specified time (usually eight seconds). The horse is equipped only with a surcingle-a rope belt ... [2 Related Articles]
bareback riding: (from the article "circus") The 19th century saw other great riders who were champions of bareback riding-the art of performing acrobatic and gymnastic feats on the bare backs of loping horses. James Robinson, a ...
bareboat charter: (from the article "charter party") There are four principal methods of chartering a tramp ship-voyage charter, time charter, bareboat charter, and "lump-sum" contract. The voyage charter is the most common. Under this method a ship ...
Barebones Parliament: (July 4-Dec. 12, 1653), a hand-picked legislative group of "godly" men convened by Oliver Cromwell following the Puritan victory in the English Civil Wars. Its name was derived from one ... [3 Related Articles]
Barefooted Trinitarian: (from the article "Trinitarian") ...is said to have numbered 5,000 members in 1240, but, by the end of the Middle Ages, a decline had set in, and various reforms were attempted during the 16th ...
Bareilly: city, central Uttar Pradesh state, northern India, on the Ramganga River. Founded in 1537, the city was built largely by the Mughal governor Makrand Ray. It later became the capital ...
Barelwi school: (from the article "Pakistan") ...it is perhaps the most liberal of the four but nevertheless is still demanding in its instructions to the faithful. Two popular reform movements founded in northern India-the Deoband and ...
Baren: Chinese prose writer and critic who was the first Chinese literary theorist to promote the Marxist point of view.
Barenboim, Daniel: Israeli pianist and conductor. [1 Related Articles]
Barends, Barend: (from the article "South Africa") ...labour by illegally capturing San women and children (many of the men were killed) as well as Africans from across the eastern frontier. Griqua raiding states led by Andries Waterboer, ...
Barents Sea: outlying portion of the Arctic Ocean 800 miles (1,300 km) long and 650 miles (1,050 km) wide and covering 542,000 square miles (1,405,000 square km). Its average depth is 750 ... [6 Related Articles]
Barents, Willem: Dutch navigator who searched for a northeast passage from Europe to Asia and for whom the Barents Sea was named. Because of his extensive voyages, accurate charting, and the valuable ... [6 Related Articles]
Barentsia: (from the article "Silurian Period") ...N and 30° S of the paleoequator. The present south shore of Hudson Bay was at the centre of Laurentia, with the Wenlock paleoequator crossing near Southampton Island. The microcontinent ...
Barere, Bertrand: a leading member of the Committee of Public Safety that ruled Revolutionary France during the period of the Jacobin dictatorship (1793-94); his stringent policies against those suspected of royalist tendencies ...
bareshnum: (from the article "Zoroastrianism") There are three types of purification, in order of increasing importance: the padyab, or ablution; the nahn, or bath; and the bareshnum, a complicated ritual performed at special places with ...
Baret, John: (from the article "dictionary") ...than any other book of its kind. Many other lexicographers contributed to the development of dictionaries. Certain dictionaries were more ambitious and included a number of languages, such as John ...
Baretti, Giuseppe: (from the article "Italian literature") ...La Gazzetta veneta and L'Osservatore-he presented a lively chronicle of Venetian life and indicated a practical moral with much good sense. Giuseppe Baretti-an extremely controversial figure who ...
Barezzi, Antonio: (from the article "Verdi, Giuseppe") A little later he composed music (now lost) for the town church and the largely amateur orchestra. One of Busseto's leading citizens, Antonio Barezzi, a merchant and fanatical music enthusiast, ...
bargaining theory of wages: (from the article "wage and salary") The bargaining theory of wages holds that wages, hours, and working conditions are determined by the relative bargaining strength of the parties to the agreement. Smith hinted at such a ...
barge: (from the article "coal mining") Rivers and lakes have long played a major role in the transport of bulk commodities like coal in Germany, The Netherlands, France, Belgium, Canada, and the United States. The costs ...
barge carrier: (from the article "ship") An extension of the container ship concept is the barge-carrying ship. In this concept, the container is itself a floating vessel, usually about 60 feet long by about 30 feet ...
bargeboard: exposed board or false rafter running underneath the slopes of a projecting gable roof. Such a board is often richly decorated with carved, cut-out, or painted designs and patterns, particularly ...
Bargello Museum: art museum housed in the Palazzo del Bargello (or del Podesta), Florence, Italy, which dates from the 13th and 14th centuries. The museum was established in 1865 and is especially ...
bargello work: kind of embroidery exemplified in the upholstery of a set of 17th-century Italian chairs at the Bargello Museum in Florence and practiced from the 17th century until modern times. It ... [1 Related Articles]
Barger, George: (from the article "histamine") The English scientists George Barger and Henry H. Dale first isolated histamine from the plant fungus ergot in 1910, and in 1911 they isolated the substance from animal tissues. Plants ...
Barghash: sultan of Zanzibar (1870-88), a shrewd and ambitious ruler, who, for most of his reign, looked to Britain for protection and assistance but eventually saw his domains divided between Germany ... [3 Related Articles]
Barghawatah: Amazigh (Berber) tribal confederation that created a religio-political state in Morocco (8th-12th century). The Barghawatah, members of the Masmudah family inhabiting the plain between the Middle Atlas (Moyen Atlas) mountain ...
Barghest: in folklore of northern England (especially Yorkshire), a monstrous, goblin dog, with huge teeth and claws, that appears only at night. It was believed that those who saw one clearly ...
Barghouti, Mourid: (from the article "Literature") ...cause, wondering whether there was "room to write outside the situation." Their inability to distance themselves from the events of the Palestinian tragedy as a whole was explained by Mourid ...
Barghouti, Tamim: (from the article "Literature") If the novel was still king, poetry nonetheless continued to register the interest of its adepts and serve as a vehicle for protest. Tamim al-Barghouti published his third collection of ...
Bargut: (from the article "Hailar") In 1912, however, the local Mongol population, particularly the Bargut, began a series of rebellions, with Russian encouragement, that forced the Chinese to restore some measure of autonomy. After many ...
Barguzinsky Mountains: (from the article "Barguzinsky Nature Reserve") natural area set aside for research in the natural sciences, extending from the northeastern shore of Lake Baikal to the western slopes of the Barguzinsky Mountains, southeastern Russia. The reserve ...
Barguzinsky Nature Reserve: natural area set aside for research in the natural sciences, extending from the northeastern shore of Lake Baikal to the western slopes of the Barguzinsky Mountains, southeastern Russia. The reserve ...
barheaded goose: (from the article "anseriform") ...100 km (62 miles) per hour. On migration most flocks fly at altitudes of between 300 and 600 metres (1,000 and 2,000 feet). Uncommonly they may be seen around 3,000 ...
barhis: (from the article "Iranian religion") ...gods invited to yazna. Originally this consisted of special grasses strewn on the ground in front of the altar. In Vedic terminology this seat was called the barhis (Avestan barzish, ...
Bari: people living near Juba in the southern Sudan. They speak an Eastern Sudanic language of the Nilo-Saharan language family. They live in small villages scattered across the hot, dry, flat ... [1 Related Articles]
Bari: city, capital of Puglia (Apulia) regione, southeastern Italy. It is a port on the Adriatic Sea, northwest of Brindisi. The site may have been inhabited since 1500 BC. Greek influence ... [3 Related Articles]
Bari Doab: (from the article "Indus River") ...and modernized; thus the greatest canal irrigation system in the world was created. At partition in 1947, the international boundary between India and West Pakistan cut the irrigation system of ...
Bari language: (from the article "Nilo-Saharan languages") ...from widespread lexical roots whose form and meaning relationships are similar, there are grammatical properties that clearly point toward a common historical origin for the Nilo-Saharan languages. Bari, a Nilotic ...
Bari, Council of: (from the article "Anselm of Canterbury, Saint") Anselm attended the Council of Bari (Italy) in 1098 and presented his grievances against the King to Urban II. He took an active part in the sessions, defending the doctrine ...
Bari, Siege of: (1068-71), three-year blockade by Norman forces under Robert Guiscard that resulted (April 1071) in the surrender of the last important Byzantine stronghold in southern Italy. It brought an end to ...
Bariba: (from the article "Benin") The Bariba, the fourth-largest ethnic group, comprise several subgroups and make up about one-twelfth of Benin's population. They inhabit the northeast, especially towns such as Nikki and Kandi that were ...
Baribault, Jean: (from the article "Baraboo") ...Ho-Chunk Nation (Winnebago), Fox, Sauk, and Kickapoo Indians were early inhabitants of the area. Baraboo originated in the early 19th century as a trading post established by the French trapper ...
Barid Shahi Dynasty: the rulers of the small state of Bidar (now in Karnataka in southwestern India) from about 1487 until 1619. The Barid family were ministers of the Muslim Bahmani sultans of ... [1 Related Articles]
Bariloche, Declaration of: (from the article "San Carlos de Bariloche") ...is the main economic activity. Bariloche was the scene of a meeting in 1960 between Pres. Dwight D. Eisenhower of the United States and Pres. Arturo Frondizi of Argentina that ...
Barinas: estado (state), western Venezuela. It is bounded on the north by Trujillo, Portuguesa, and Cojedes states, east by Guarico, south by Apure, and west by Tachira and Merida. It lies ...
Barinas: city, capital of Barinas estado (state), western Venezuela. The city lies along the Santo Domingo River and is situated on the Llanos (plains) at the foot of the Cordillera de ...
Barind: geographic region in parts of northwestern Bangladesh and north-central West Bengal state, India. It lies northwest of the confluence of the upper Padma (Ganges [Ganga]) and Jamuna (the name of ... [1 Related Articles]
Baring Brothers and Company: (from the article "Baring family") ...from Bremen to England and started a small wool business near Exeter in 1717. His son, the future Sir Francis Baring, lst Baronet (1740-1810), founded the family banking firm, originally ...
Baring family: British family whose banking and commercial house played a principal role in British overseas lending for two centuries.
Baring, Maurice: man of letters, scion of a family long prominent in the financial ventures of the British Empire, who was representative of the social culture that flourished in England before World ...
Baring, Sir Francis Thornhill: (from the article "Baring family") ...Baring (1799-1873), a grandson of Sir Francis. Thomas Baring was a managing partner of the firm from 1828 and was also a member of Parliament from 1844 until his death. ...
Baring, Sir Francis, 1st Baronet: British financier who established one of the most influential business firms in the history of the United Kingdom. The third son of a German immigrant, he went to London, where ... [1 Related Articles]
Baring, Thomas: (from the article "Baring family") After Lord Ashburton's death in 1848 the affairs of the house were managed by Thomas Baring (1799-1873), a grandson of Sir Francis. Thomas Baring was a managing partner of the ...
Baringo, Lake: lake in west-central Kenya. It is situated 3,200 feet (975 m) above sea level in the Great Rift Valley, east of the Kamasia (Ilkamasya) Hills. The lake has an area ... [4 Related Articles]
Barings PLC: (from the article "Baring family") ...banking houses. In 1985 ownership of the bank was transferred to a charitable organization called the Baring Foundation, though control of the bank remained in the hands of Baring family ...
Baripada: city, northeastern Orissa state, eastern India, lying along the Burhabalang River. Founded about 1800, the city is a trade centre for rice, sugarcane, and timber and has some industry, including ...
Barisal: city, south-central Bangladesh. It lies in the Meghna-Padma River delta on the Kirtonkhola, an offshoot of the Arial Khan River. Incorporated as a municipality in 1876, it is a trade ...
Barisal guns: (from the article "Barisal") ...government colleges, including the Sher-e-Bangla Medical College, as well as dozens of private higher-education institutions. Barisal gives its name to a curious natural phenomenon known as the Barisal guns, thundering ...
Barisan Mountains: (from the article "Indonesia") ...including Simeulue, Nias, and the Mentawai group, none of which is densely populated. The Sumatran mainland divides into four main physical regions: the narrow coastal plain along the west; the ...
barite: the most common barium mineral, barium sulfate (BaSO₄). Barite occurs in hydrothermal ore veins (particularly those containing lead and silver), in sedimentary rocks such as limestone, in clay deposits formed ... [3 Related Articles]
barite group: (from the article "mineral") Members of the barite group constitute the most important and common anhydrous sulfates. They have orthorhombic symmetry with large divalent cations bonded to the sulfate ion (see Table 8). In ...
baritone: (from Greek barytonos, "deep-sounding"), in vocal music, the most common category of male voice, between the bass and the tenor and with some characteristics of both. Normally, the baritone parts ... [1 Related Articles]
baritone: valved brass instrument pitched in B♭ or C; it is a popular band instrument dating from the 19th century and was derived from the cornet and flugelhorn (valved bugle). It ...
baritone clef: (from the article "clef") The once common baritone clef set F at the middle line:
barium: (Ba), chemical element, one of the alkaline-earth metals of main Group 2 (IIa) of the periodic table. The element is used in metallurgy, and its compounds in pyrotechnics, petroleum mining, ... [2 Related Articles]
barium carbonate: (from the article "barium") A number of uses of barium compounds depend on the ready formation of the highly insoluble sulfate. Thus, witherite, the compound barium carbonate (BaCO₃), perhaps the most important barium compound, ...
barium chloride: (from the article "barium") Another barium compound, barium chloride (BaCl₂·2H₂O), consisting of colourless crystals that are soluble in water, is utilized in heat-treating baths, in laboratories as a chemical reagent to precipitate soluble sulfates, ...
barium nitrate: (from the article "barium") ...oxygen production and as a source of hydrogen peroxide. Volatile barium compounds impart a yellowish green colour to a flame owing to the emission of light of mostly two characteristic ...
barium oxide: (from the article "optics") ...in the molten state to vary the properties of the glass: addition of lead oxide, for example, was found to raise both the refractive index and the dispersive power. In ...
barium peroxide: (from the article "barium") ...to precipitate soluble sulfates, and on a commercial scale with sodium sulfate to form a white filler and pigment (blanc fixe) for leather, rubber, cloth, and photographic paper. The oxygen ...
barium selenide: (from the article "crystal") ...are transferred from the cations to the anions, leaving each with a closed shell. The alkaline earth chalcogenides form ionic binary crystals such as barium oxide (BaO), calcium sulfide (CaS), ...
barium sulfate: (from the article "barium") ...other elements. The Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele discovered (1774) a new base (baryta, or barium oxide) as a minor constituent in pyrolusite, and from this base he prepared some ...
barium sulfide: (from the article "lithopone") ...toxicity, poor weathering, and darkening in atmospheres that contain sulfur compounds. Lithopone is an insoluble mixture of barium sulfate and zinc sulfide that precipitates upon mixing solutions of barium sulfide ...
barium titanate: (from the article "Dielectric constants of some materials") The third structure (Figure 2C) is called perovskite. In most cases the perovskite structure is cubic-that is, all sides of the unit cell are the same. However, in barium titanate ...
bark: in woody plants, tissues external to the vascular cambium (the growth layer of the vascular cylinder); the term bark is also employed more popularly to refer to all tissues outside ... [6 Related Articles]
bark: sailing ship of three or more masts, the rear (mizzenmast) being rigged for a fore-and-aft rather than a square sail. Until fore-and-aft rigs were applied to large ships to reduce ...
bark beetle: any of more than 2,000 species of bark beetle (order Coleoptera) that exist worldwide and are cylindrical, usually under 6 mm (0.25 inch) long, brown or black in colour, and ... [2 Related Articles]
bark painting: nonwoven fabric decorated with figurative and abstract designs usually applied by scratching or by painting. The basic clothlike material, produced from the inner bark, or bast, of certain trees (see ... [6 Related Articles]