| | - Bangladesh, history of
- (from the article "Bangladesh") Although Bangladesh has existed as an independent country only since the late 20th century, its national character within a broader South Asian context dates to the ancient past. The country's ...
- Bangor
- town, North Down district (established 1973), formerly in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies on the southern shore of Belfast Lough (inlet of the sea). About 555, St. Comgall founded ...
- Bangor
- cathedral city, Gwynedd county, historic county of Caernarvonshire (Sir Gaernarfon), Wales. It commands the northern entrance to the Menai Strait, the narrow strip of water separating Anglesey from the mainland. ... [1 Related Articles]
- Bangor
- city, seat (1816) of Penobscot county, east-central Maine, U.S. It is a port of entry at the head of navigation on the Penobscot River opposite Brewer. The site, visited in ... [2 Related Articles]
- Bangor Cathedral
- (from the article "Bangor") ...Gwynedd county, historic county of Caernarvonshire (Sir Gaernarfon), Wales. It commands the northern entrance to the Menai Strait, the narrow strip of water separating Anglesey from the mainland. Bangor Cathedral ...
- Bangor Is-coed
- (from the article "Flintshire") ...tribe known as the Deceangli held the region before they were overrun by the Romans in the 1st century AD. Roman remains in the area are quite sparse, however. According ...
- Bangoura, Fode
- (from the article "Guinea") ...two men. The president named a new cabinet on May 29, marked by the return of several former ministers. No new prime minister was announced, but Conte's closest aide and ...
- Bangs, Lester
- (from the article "Rock criticism") ...then filling arenas across America. The resulting vacuum of sympathetic coverage of hard, electric-guitar-based music was occupied by Creem, whose most famous writer, Lester Bangs, had been ...
- Bangsa Moro Army
- (from the article "Moro National Liberation Front") ...insurgency against the Philippine government that began in 1973, soon after President Ferdinand Marcos imposed martial law. The MNLF's well-organized and sophisticated military force, known as the Bangsa Moro Army, ...
- bangsawan
- (from the article "Southeast Asian arts") Bangsawan was created by professional Malay-speaking actors in the 1920s as light, popular entertainment. Songs and contemporary dances were added to a repertory of dramatic pieces drawn ...
- bangu
- Chinese frame drum that, when struck by one or two small bamboo sticks, creates a sharp dry sound essential to the aesthetics of Chinese opera. It is also used in ... [2 Related Articles]
- Bangui
- city, capital of the Central African Republic, located on the west bank of the Ubangi River. It is connected by an extended 1,100-mile (1,800-km) river-and-rail transport system with Pointe-Noire on ... [5 Related Articles]
- Bangweulu
- shallow lake with extensive swamps in northeastern Zambia. It is part of the Congo River system. Lying at an elevation of 3,740 feet (1,140 m), the waters of Bangweulu, fluctuating ... [2 Related Articles]
- Bangweulu Swamps
- (from the article "Zambia") ...the Copperbelt, the Kafue River drains the Lukanga Swamp and Kafue Flats before an abrupt descent to the Zambezi. The Luangwa River, mostly confined within its rift trough, is quite ...
- Banha
- town, capital of Al-Qalyubiyah muhafazah (governorate), Lower Egypt. The town lies on the right (east) bank of the Damietta Branch of the Nile and on the At-Tawfiqi Canal in the ...
- banhu
- bowed Chinese fiddle, a type of huqin (Chinese: "foreign stringed instrument"). The instrument traditionally has two strings stretched over a small bamboo bridge that rests on a ...
- Bani
- city, southern Dominican Republic, situated in coastal lowlands 3 miles (5 km) from the Caribbean Sea. The city is a commercial and manufacturing centre for the fertile agricultural hinterland, whose ...
- Bani River
- principal affluent of the Niger River on its right bank in Mali, West Africa, formed by the confluence of the Baoule and Bagoe headstreams 100 mi (160 km) east of ... [1 Related Articles]
- Bani Suwayf
- muhafazah (governorate), lying along the Nile River in northern Upper Egypt, with an extension into the Western Desert at its southern end. Al-Fayyum governorate lies to the ...
- Bani Suwayf
- city, capital of Bani Suwayf muhafazah (governorate), northern Upper Egypt. It is an important agricultural trade centre on the west bank of the Nile River, 70 miles ...
- Bani Thani
- (from the article "Kishangarh painting") ...Vallabhacarya sect, which worships the lord in his appearance on Earth as Krishna, the divine lover. Savant Singh fell in love with a singer in the employ of his stepmother ...
- Bani, John Bernard
- (from the article "Vanuatu") Area: 12,190 sq km (4,707 sq mi) | Population (2004 est.): 216,000 | Capital: Vila | Chief of state: Presidents John Bernard Bani, Roger Abuit (acting) from March 24, Alfred ...
- Bani-Sadr, Abolhasan
- Iranian economist and politician who in 1980 was elected the first president of the Islamic Republic of Iran. He was dismissed from office in 1981 after being impeached for incompetence. [3 Related Articles]
- Bania
- (from Sanskrit vanijya, "trade"), Indian caste consisting generally of moneylenders or merchants, found chiefly in northern and western India; strictly speaking, however, many mercantile communities are not Banias, and, conversely, ...
- Banihal Pass
- pass in the Pir Panjal Range in the Indian-held sector of the state of Jammu and Kashmir in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. Banihal-a name that in Kashmiri ...
- Banim, John
- (from the article "Banim, John and Michael") John studied drawing in Dublin and subsequently taught it in Kilkenny. Shortly afterward he went to Dublin, where he earned a living by journalism. In 1821 his blank verse tragedy, ...
- Banim, John and Michael
- brothers who collaborated in novels and stories of Irish peasant life.
- Banim, Michael
- (from the article "Banim, John and Michael") ...was produced at Covent Garden; John married, moved to London, and continued to live by journalism. In 1825 there appeared Tales, by the O'Hara Family, written in collaboration with Michael, ...
- Banister, John
- violinist and composer, a prominent musician of his day and organizer of the first public concerts in England.
- Banisteriopsis
- (from the article "South American forest Indian") ...of mate is taken in the Paraguay area, as well as by the Jivaro and other groups of Ecuador. Hallucinogens are used mainly in the Amazon-Orinoco area; they include species ...
- Baniva
- (from the article "Native American dance") In Venezuela several tribes of the Orinoco River held masked puberty rites. For example, among the Maipure and Baniva tribes, Mauari, the spirit of evil, is impersonated by a dancer ...
- Baniwa
- (from the article "Native American religions") The Baniwa of the northwest Amazon region of Brazil, for example, seclude girls during their initiation. The girls' bodies are covered with heron down and red paint, and each girl ...
- Baniyas River
- (from the article "Jordan River") ...is the Hasbani, which rises in Lebanon, near Hasbayya, at an elevation of 1,800 feet (550 metres). From the east, in Syria, flows the Baniyas River; between the two is ...
- Banja Luka
- city, northern Bosnia and Herzegovina. It lies along the Vrbas River at its confluence with the Vrbanja. Under the Ottoman Turks, Banja Luka ("Baths of St. Luke") was an important ...
- Banjara
- (from the article "India") Nomadic groups may be found in most parts of India. Some are small bands of wandering entertainers, ironworkers, and animal traders. A group variously known as the Banjari or Labhani, ...
- Banjarmasin
- kotamadya (municipality) and capital of South Kalimantan propinsi (province), Indonesia. It is situated on Tapas island between the Barito and Martapura rivers on ... [1 Related Articles]
- banjo
- stringed musical instrument of African origin, popularized in the United States by slaves in the 19th century, then exported to Europe. Several African stringed instruments have similar names-e.g., bania, banju. ... [2 Related Articles]
- banjo catfish
- (from the article "ostariophysan") ...10 to 50 marble-sized eggs in the mouth cavity until hatching. The male continues to protect the hatchlings in his mouth even after the young have begun to feed independently. ...
- banjo clock
- type of clock, so named because its upper portion is shaped like an inverted banjo. The clock was patented by Simon Willard of Massachusetts in 1802. It has a circular ... [1 Related Articles]
- Banjul
- city, capital, and Atlantic port of The Gambia, on St. Mary's Island, near the mouth of the Gambia River. It is the country's largest city. It was founded in 1816, ... [8 Related Articles]
- Banjul Island
- (from the article "Gambia, The") ...chartered company made a profit. This changed in 1816 when Capt. Alexander Grant was sent to the region to reestablish a base from which the British navy could control the ...
- bank
- an institution that deals in money and its substitutes and provides other money-related services. In its role as a financial intermediary, a bank accepts deposits and makes loans. It derives ... [42 Related Articles]
- bank
- (from the article "gambling") ...odds-the casino returns to winners from 35 of 1 percent to 27 percent less than the fair odds, depending on the type of bet made. Depending on the bet, the ...
- bank
- (from the article "canals and inland waterways") On natural or canalized rivers of relatively large cross section, bank erosion can be checked by rubble roughly tipped or by natural growth such as reeds or willows.
- bank
- rocky or sandy submerged elevation of the seafloor with a summit less than 200 m (650 feet) below the surface but not so high as to endanger navigation. Many banks ...
- Bank ban
- one of the most powerful Hungarian nobles during the reign of Andrew (Endre) II (1205-35) and for a time his ban (viceroy).
- Bank Charter Act
- (from the article "England, Bank of") ...by act of Parliament in 1694 with the immediate purpose of raising funds to allow the English government to wage war against France in the Low Countries (see Grand Alliance, ...
- Bank Craps
- dice game, the variant of Craps most played in Nevada gambling houses. A special table and layout are used, and all bets are made against the house. A player signifies ... [1 Related Articles]
- bank deposit
- (from the article "bank") Most countries require banks to participate in a federal insurance program intended to protect bank deposit holders from losses that could occur in the event of a bank failure. Although ...
- bank holiday
- in the United Kingdom, any of several days designated as holidays by the Bank Holidays Act of 1871 and a supplementary act of 1875 for all the banks in England, ... [3 Related Articles]
- bank note
- (from the article "Specie Circular") ...in gold or silver. In an effort to curb excessive land speculation and to quash the enormous growth of paper money in circulation, Jackson directed the Treasury Department, "pet" banks, ...
- Bank of America Center
- (from the article "San Francisco") ...district, in particular, one tall building after another has been constructed in a city in which, for generations, few structures were higher than 20 stories. Among the modern skyscrapers are ...
- Bank of America Corporation
- banking and financial services corporation formed through the merger of NationsBank and BankAmerica in 1998. One of the largest banking organizations in the United States, Bank of America is headquartered ... [1 Related Articles]
- Bank of Boston Corporation
- former American bank holding company that was acquired by Fleet Financial Group in 1999. The bank, one of the oldest in the United States, was originally chartered in 1784 as ...
- Bank of China Tower
- triangular glass skyscraper in Hong Kong, completed in 1989. It houses the Hong Kong headquarters of the Beijing-based central Bank of China, together with other tenants.
- Bank of New York Company, Inc., The
- major American bank holding company, headquartered in New York City.
- Bank of the United States
- central bank chartered in 1791 by the U.S. Congress at the urging of Alexander Hamilton and over the objections of Thomas Jefferson. The extended debate over its constitutionality contributed significantly ... [12 Related Articles]
- Bank One
- Former U.S. bank holding company that merged with J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. in 2004. Bank One had been created through the 1998 merger of First Chicago NBD Corp. and ... [1 Related Articles]
- Bank Restriction Act
- (from the article "Ricardo, David") ...to the development of theories concerning central banking. A committee appointed by the House of Commons, known as the Bullion Committee, confirmed Ricardo's views and recommended the repeal of the ...
- Bank Street College of Education
- privately supported coeducational teachers college in New York, New York, U.S. It offers graduate courses only, operating a laboratory (elementary) school and conducting basic research in education. Established in 1916 ...
- bank vole
- (from the article "hantavirus") ...a type of wood mouse that is prevalent in Asia and eastern Europe. A second HFRS disease, nephropathia epidemica, is usually not fatal. It is caused by the Puumala virus, ...
- Bank War
- in U.S. history, the struggle between President Andrew Jackson and Nicholas Biddle, president of the Bank of the United States, over the continued existence of the only national banking institution ... [2 Related Articles]
- Bankers Trust Company
- (from the article "Lamont, Thomas William") In 1903, when the Bankers Trust Co. was formed, Lamont was asked to be its secretary and treasurer by Henry P. Davison, who had been impressed with Lamont's handling of ...
- Bankhead, Tallulah
- American actress who was as famous for her offstage shenanigans as for her theatrical achievements.
- Bankia
- (from the article "shipworm") The most economically important shipworms, i.e., those causing the most damage, are members of the genus Teredo, which includes about 15 species. Other genera are Bankia, Xylotrya, and Xylophaga. Teredo ...
- Banking Act
- (from the article "Glass, Carter") ...came during the controversy over "packing" the U.S. Supreme Court (1937). One of the greatest experts on monetary matters ever to serve in Congress, Glass was the principal author of ...
- Banking Act
- (from the article "Italy") ...concerns; Alitalia, the national airline; and the telecommunications company SIP (Societa Italiana per l'Esercizio Telefonico SpA). Many other banks were also partially privatized under the Banking Act of 1990.
- Banking Act
- (from the article "Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation") ...banks during the initial years of the Great Depression. Although earlier state-sponsored plans to insure depositors had not succeeded, the FDIC became a permanent government agency through the Banking Act ...
- banking game
- (from the article "card game") ...games. Skilled gambling games where players vie with one another as to who holds the best card combination or is likely to finish with the best when their hands are ...
- banking panic
- (from the article "Great Depression") The next blow to aggregate demand occurred in the fall of 1930, when the first of four waves of banking panics gripped the United States. A banking panic arises when ...
- bankruptcy
- the status of a debtor who has been declared by judicial process to be unable to pay his debts. Although sometimes used indiscriminately to mean insolvency, the terms have distinct ... [12 Related Articles]
- Banks Island
- westernmost island in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Inuvik region, Northwest Territories; it lies northwest of Victoria Island and is separated from the mainland (south) by Amundsen Gulf. About 250 miles ... [1 Related Articles]
- Banks Islands
- volcanic group in northern Vanuatu, southwestern Pacific Ocean. The group includes the islands of Vanua Lava, Santa Maria (Gaua), Mota, and Mota Lava, as well as numerous islets. The Portuguese ...
- Banks Peninsula
- peninsula in eastern South Island, New Zealand, extending 30 miles (48 km) into the Pacific Ocean. It is bounded by Pegasus Bay (north) and Canterbury Bight (south) and has a ...
- Banks, Edgar James
- (from the article "Adab") ancient Sumerian city located south of Nippur (modern Niffer or Nuffar), Iraq. Excavations (1903-04) carried out by the American archaeologist Edgar James Banks revealed buildings dating from as early as ...
- Banks, Ernie
- American professional baseball player, regarded as one of the finest power hitters in the history of the game. Banks starred for the Chicago Cubs from 1953 to 1971. An 11-time ... [1 Related Articles]
- Banks, Nathaniel P.
- American politician and Union general during the American Civil War, who during 1862-64 commanded at New Orleans. [1 Related Articles]
- Banks, Russell
- American novelist known for his portrayals of the interior lives of characters at odds with economic and social forces. [1 Related Articles]
- Banks, Sir Joseph, Baronet
- British explorer, naturalist, and long-time president of the Royal Society, known for his promotion of science. [7 Related Articles]
- Banks, Tony
- (from the article "Genesis") ...members were Peter Gabriel (b. Feb. 13, 1950Woking, Surrey, Eng.), Tony Banks (b. March 27, 1950East Hoathly, East Sussex), Michael...
- Banks, Tyra
- Supermodel Tyra Banks, the host and executive producer of America's Next Top Model-a weekly prime-time reality talent show that chronicled the search for a promising fashion model from a lineup ... [1 Related Articles]
- Bankside
- loosely defined area along the south bank of the River Thames in the London borough of Southwark. Bankside is also the name of a street in the district, which lies ...
- Banksy
- In April 2007 London city workers painted over a mural by the graffiti artist Banksy near the Old Street Tube station in Hackney after the Transit Department determined that the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Bankura
- town, western West Bengal state, northeastern India. It lies just north of the Dhaleswari (Dhalkisor) River. As a major Grand Trunk Road and rail junction, Bankura is an agricultural distributing ...
- Banky, Vilma
- (from the article "Colman, Ronald") ...camera. The film launched Colman's screen career in Hollywood and defined his image as a gracious, self-sacrificing hero. He became a star of the silent cinema and was teamed with ...
- Bann, River
- river, the largest in Northern Ireland, falling into two distinct parts. The upper Bann rises in the Mourne Mountains and flows northwest to Lough (lake) Neagh. The lower Bann flows ...
- Bannack
- (from the article "Dillon") ...divisions of the Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest, for which it is headquarters, in an area of old mining camps. (This history is reflected in the Beaverhead County Museum in Dillon.) Nearby ...
- Bannatyne Club
- (from the article "Bannatyne, George") ...verse as well. It influenced the 18th-century Scottish revival, when Allan Ramsay reprinted a number of the poems (though often in altered form) in his Ever Green (1724). In 1823 ...
- Bannatyne, George
- compiler of an important collection of Scottish poetry from the 15th and 16th centuries (the golden age of Scottish literature).
- Banneker, Benjamin
- mathematician, astronomer, compiler of almanacs, inventor, and writer, one of the first important black American intellectuals.
- Bannen, Ian
- Scottish character actor whose 50-year career included acclaimed stage appearances in plays by Shakespeare and Eugene O'Neill; television work such as the miniseries Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy ...
- banner
- (from the article "Fabales") ...thousands of species can be recognized as a member of Papilionoideae at a glance. The Lathyrus odoratus (sweet pea) flower provides an example. It has a large petal at the ...
- banner
- (from the article "Inner Mongolia") ...The region is divided into eight leagues (meng), similar to subprovincial units in China proper, and four prefecture-level municipalities (shih). The local administrative units are banners (ch'i) in the Mongolian ...
- banner
- (from the article "heraldry") Arms in the Middle Ages were often displayed on fork-tailed pennons attached to lances. If the forked ends were cut away, the resulting flag was similar in shape to a ...
- Banner Party
- (from the article "Afghan War") ...Mohammad Daud Khan in April 1978 by left-wing military officers led by Nur Mohammad Taraki. Power was thereafter shared by two Marxist-Leninist political groups, the People's (Khalq) Party and the ...
- Banner system
- the military organization used by the Manchu tribes of Manchuria (now Northeast China) to conquer and control China in the 17th century. The Banner system was developed by the Manchu ... [2 Related Articles]
- banneret
- a European medieval knight privileged to display in the field a square banner (as distinct from the tapering pennon of a simple knight). The term was used in countries of ...
- banning
- in South Africa, an administrative action by which publications, organizations, or assemblies could be outlawed and suppressed and individual persons could be placed under severe restrictions of their freedom of ...
- Bannister, Sir Roger
- English neurologist who was the first athlete to run a mile in less than four minutes. [3 Related Articles]
- Bannock
- North American Indian tribe that lived in what is now southern Idaho, especially along the Snake River and its tributaries, and joined with the Shoshone tribe in the second half ... [1 Related Articles]
- bannock
- flat, sometimes unleavened bread eaten primarily in Scotland. Although most commonly made of oats, bannocks of barley, ground dried peas, and a combination of grains are sometimes encountered. Selkirk bannock ...
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