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Buchman, Frank N. D. ... Budenny, Semyon Mikhaylovich

Buchman, Frank N. D.: (from the article "Moral Re-Armament") a modern, nondenominational revivalistic movement founded by U.S. churchman Frank N.D. Buchman (1878-1961). It sought to deepen the spiritual life of individuals and encouraged participants to continue as members of ...
Buchman, Sidney: (from the article "1941: Other Winners") Screenplay: Sidney Buchman and Seton I. Miller for Here Comes Mr. JordanOriginal Story: Harry Segall for Here Comes Mr. JordanOriginal Screenplay: Herman J. Mankiewicz and Orson Welles for Citizen KaneCinematography, ...
Buchner, Eduard: German biochemist who was awarded the 1907 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for demonstrating that the fermentation of carbohydrates results from the action of different enzymes contained in yeast and not ... [2 Related Articles]
Buchner, Georg: German dramatist, a major forerunner of the Expressionist school of playwriting of the early 20th century. [1 Related Articles]
Buchner, Hans: German bacteriologist who in the course of extensive immunological studies (1886-90) discovered a naturally occurring substance in the blood-now known as complement-that is capable of destroying bacteria. He also devised ...
Buchner, Ludwig: German physician and philosopher who became one of the most popular exponents of 19th-century scientific materialism. [1 Related Articles]
Buchwald, Art: American humorist wrote a newspaper column of observational satire that was an institution for some 40 years. Buchwald began his career after World War II with an entertainment column, ...
Buchwald, Johann: (from the article "Rorstrand faience") ...decorated in blue camaieu (monochrome) or imitated Italian bianco sopra bianco ("white on white"), sometimes with touches of manganese or purple. It was only when Johann Buchwald, who had worked ...
buck dancing: (from the article "tap dance") During the following decades, styles of tap dancing evolved and merged. Among the ingredients that went into the mix were buck dancing (a dance similar to but older than the ...
buck pressing: (from the article "clothing and footwear industry") Pressing has two major divisions: buck pressing and iron pressing. A buck press is a machine for pressing a garment or section between two contoured, heated, pressure surfaces that may ...
Buck v. Bell: (from the article "eugenics") ...Laughlin's law, with California, Virginia, and Michigan leading the sterilization campaign. Laughlin's efforts secured staunch judicial support in 1927. In the precedent-setting case of BuckBell, Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell ...
Buck, John Francis: American sports broadcaster (b. Aug. 21, 1924, Holyoke, Mass.-d. June 18, 2002, St. Louis, Mo.), was considered the voice of baseball's St. Louis Cardinals for nearly half a century. First ...
Buck, Leffert L.: (from the article "bridge") ...Manhattan to Brooklyn over the East River resulted in plans for two more long-span, wire-cable, steel suspension bridges, the Williamsburg and Manhattan bridges. The Williamsburg Bridge, designed by L.L. Buck ...
Buck, Linda B.: American scientist and corecipient, with Richard Axel, of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2004 for discoveries concerning the olfactory system. [2 Related Articles]
Buck, Pearl: American author noted for her novels of life in China. She received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1938. [1 Related Articles]
Buck, Peter: (from the article "R.E.M.") ...were Michael Stipe (b. January 4, 1960Decatur, Georgia, U.S.), Peter Buck (b. December 6, 1956Berkeley, California), Mike Mills...
Buck, Sir Peter: Maori anthropologist, physician, and politician who made major contributions to Maori public health and became one of the world's leading Polynesian studies scholars.
buck-and-wing: (from the article "tap dance") ...went into the mix were buck dancing (a dance similar to but older than the clog dance), soft-shoe dancing (a relaxed, graceful dance done in soft-soled shoes and made popular ...
buckbean: member of the flowering plant family Menyanthaceae of the order Asterales, consisting of 5 genera and 58 species of aquatic or marsh herbs with creeping stems, native to temperate areas ... [1 Related Articles]
buckbean: (from the article "buckbean") Buckbean, or bogbean (Menyanthes trifoliata), a medicinal plant of wet soils, has white or pink flowers, bitter-tasting leaves, and hard, light brown seeds. The species of fringed water lily, water ...
buckboard: open, flat-bottomed, four-wheeled carriage in which a springy board fastened to the axles supplemented or served in place of actual springs. Springs, if present, were between the board and the ...
bucket conveyor: (from the article "conveyor") Bucket conveyors consist of endless chains or belts to which are attached buckets to convey bulk material in horizontal, inclined, and vertical paths. The buckets remain in carrying position until ...
bucket orchid: any of about 42 species of tropical American orchid (family Orchidaceae) that has an unusual pollination mechanism. One to five flowers are borne on a pendent stem that arises from ... [1 Related Articles]
bucket-ladder dredge: (from the article "harbours and sea works") For many years the workhorse of many of the world's dredging fleets has been the bucket-ladder dredge, operating a continually moving chain of open-ended shovels or scoops. At the bottom ...
bucket-wheel dredge: (from the article "mining") ...Its greatest application is in moving unconsolidated sediments of low specific gravity over long distances where a continuous supply of water is available. For digging in semiconsolidated sediments, bucket-wheel suction ...
bucket-wheel excavator: (from the article "coal mining") The bucket-wheel excavator (BWE) is a continuous excavation machine capable of removing up to 12,000 cubic metres per hour. The most favourable soil and strata conditions for BWE operation are ...
buckeye: any of about 13 trees and shrubs belonging to the genus Aesculus, in the soapberry family (Sapindaceae), native to North America, southeastern Europe, and eastern Asia. The name refers to ... [1 Related Articles]
Buckfast Abbey: (from the article "Ashburton") ...century until 1938. The Church of St. Andrew in the town was built of granite in the 15th century. The neighbouring village of Widecombe-in-the-Moor is known for an annual fair. ...
Buckhannon: city, seat (1851) of Upshur county, north-central West Virginia, U.S., on the Buckhannon River. Settled in 1770, it was named for a local Delaware Indian chief, Buck-on-ge-ha-non, or Buckongahelas. The ...
Buckhaven: small burgh (town) and port on the northern shore of the Firth of Forth, Fife council area and historic county, Scotland. The burgh comprises the former localities of Buckhaven, Methilhill, ...
Buckingham and Normanby, John Sheffield, 1st duke of, 3rd Earl Of Mulgrave: English statesman, patron of the poet John Dryden, and author of poetic essays in heroic couplets.
Buckingham Palace: palace and London residence of the British sovereign. It is situated within the borough of Westminster. The palace takes its name from the house built (c. 1705) for John Sheffield, ... [1 Related Articles]
Buckingham, duke of: (from the article "Henry VIII") As the play opens, the duke of Buckingham, having denounced Cardinal Wolsey, lord chancellor to King Henry VIII, for corruption and treason, is himself arrested, along with his son-in-law, Lord ...
Buckingham, Duke of: (from the article "Richard III") At first Richard is ably assisted by the Duke of Buckingham, who readily persuades Cardinal Bourchier to remove the young Duke of York from the protection of sanctuary and place ...
Buckingham, Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of: eldest son of Henry Stafford, the 2nd duke, succeeding to the title in 1485, after the attainder had been removed, two years after the execution of his father.
Buckingham, George Nugent Temple Grenville, 1st Marquess of: George Grenville's second son, created (1784) the marquess of Buckingham (the town). He made his mark as lord lieutenant of Ireland.
Buckingham, George Villiers, 1st Duke of: royal favourite and statesman who virtually ruled England during the last years of King James I and the first years of the reign of Charles I. Buckingham was extremely unpopular, ... [8 Related Articles]
Buckingham, George Villiers, 2nd Duke of: English politician, a leading member of King Charles II's inner circle of ministers known as the Cabal. Although he was brilliant and colourful, Buckingham's pleasure-seeking, capricious personality prevented him from ... [1 Related Articles]
Buckingham, Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of: a leading supporter, and later opponent, of King Richard III. He was a Lancastrian descendant of King Edward III, and a number of his forebears had been killed fighting the ... [1 Related Articles]
Buckingham, Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of, Earl Of Stafford, Earl Of Buckingham, Baron Stafford, Comte De Perche: Lancastrian prominent in the Hundred Years' War in France and the Wars of the Roses in England.
Buckingham, Lindsey: (from the article "Fleetwood Mac") ...Stevie Nicks (b. May 26, 1948Phoenix, Arizonia, U.S.), and Lindsey Buckingham (b. October 3, 1947Palo Alto, California).
Buckinghamshire: administrative, geographic, and historic county of southern England. It stretches from the River Thames in the south and the outskirts of London in the southeast across the ridge of chalk ...
Buckinghamshire Election Case: (from the article "United Kingdom") ...and this suspicion was reinforced by James's speeches in the first session of the Parliament of 1604-10. The conventional ban upon the selection of outlaws to the Commons led to ...
Buckinghamshire lace: lace made in Buckinghamshire, Eng., from c. 1665 or earlier until the first quarter of the 20th century. This bobbin-lace industry, which was centred in Olney and Newport Pagnell, is ...
Buckland Abbey: (from the article "West Devon") ...southwest of Tavistock, has become an open-air museum of industrial archaeology, where remains of inclined planes, quays, water wheels, and the harbour itself have been preserved. The 13th-century Buckland Abbey ...
Buckland, Jon: (from the article "Coldplay") Coldplay began in 1998 at University College, London, with the pairing of pianist-vocalist Chris Martin (b. March 2, 1977, Exeter, Eng.) and guitarist Jon Buckland (b. Sept. 11, 1977, London). ...
Buckland, William: pioneer geologist and minister, known for his effort to reconcile geological discoveries with the Bible and anti-evolutionary theories. [4 Related Articles]
buckle: clasp or catch, particularly for fastening the ends of a belt; or a clasplike ornament, especially for shoes. The belt buckle was often used by the people of ancient Greece ... [1 Related Articles]
Buckle, Bas: (from the article "Curling") At the world senior championships, held in Glasgow, Scot., Canada's Bas Buckle defended his men's title with a 5-4 win over the U.S. team, skipped by David Russell. Scotland's Carolyn ...
Buckle, Henry Thomas: (from the article "probability and statistics") Quetelet's arguments inspired a modest debate about the consistency of statistics with human free will. This intensified after 1857, when the English historian Henry Thomas Buckle recited his favourite examples ...
buckler fibula: (from the article "jewelry") ...of History, Bucharest, Rom.), whose body is covered with sockets of different sizes and shapes in which stones and enamel were meant to be set. The most widely used type ...
Buckley, Jeffrey Scott: , American folk, rock, and pop singer and songwriter whose multioctave voice was compared to that of his father, the late Tim Buckley; through his one full album, Grace, two ...
Buckley, Reginald: (from the article "Boughton, Rutland") ...The Immortal Hour (1913), which ran for 216 performances in London. His other operas include The Queen of Cornwall (1924), The Lily Maid (1934), and Galahad (1944). With Reginald Buckley, ...
Buckley, William F., Jr.: versatile American editor, author, and conservative gadfly who became an important intellectual influence in conservative politics. [1 Related Articles]
buckling: (from the article "solids, mechanics of") An important case of compressive loading is that in which sigma⁰ < 0, which can lead to buckling. Indeed, if sigma⁰A < −pi²EI/L², then the omega²_n is negative, at least ...
Bucknell University: private, coeducational institution of higher learning in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, U.S. Bachelor's and master's degree programs are available in sciences, arts, business, engineering, and education. Students can study abroad through the ...
Bucknell, Robert Barraby: British television-show host (b. Jan. 26, 1912, London, Eng.-d. Feb. 21, 2003, St. Mawes, Cornwall, Eng.), inspired do-it-yourself fans with his popular home-renovation shows in the 1950s and '60s. Bucknell ...
Buckner, Simon Bolivar: Confederate general during the U.S. Civil War (1861-65) and governor of Kentucky (1887-91). [2 Related Articles]
Buckner, Simon Bolivar, Jr.: U.S. Army general in World War II who climaxed his career of more than 41 years by leading the successful invasion of the Japanese-held Ryukyu Islands in the Pacific Ocean ... [1 Related Articles]
Buckovski, Vlado: (from the article "Macedonia") On August 20 the parliament stripped former prime minister Vlado Buckovski of his immunity for his alleged involvement in 2001 in an arms deal, which allegedly cost the state euro3 ...
Bucks: county, southeastern Pennsylvania, U.S., bordered to the east by New Jersey (the Delaware River constituting the boundary). It consists of piedmont terrain surrounded by the cities of Allentown, Pa., Trenton, ...
Bucksbaum Award: (from the article "Art and Art Exhibitions") In award news, Los Angeles-based artist Mark Bradford, whose work traversed painting, sculpture, video, and installation, collected the 2006 Bucksbaum Award, given to an artist exhibiting in the current Whitney ...
buckthorn: any of about 100 species of shrubs or trees belonging to the genus Rhamnus, family Rhamnaceae, native to temperate areas in the Northern Hemisphere. The cascara buckthorn (R. purshiana) is ...
buckwheat: either of two species (Fagopyrum esculentum, or sagittatum, and F. tataricum) of herbaceous plants and their edible seeds, which are used as a cereal grain. The kernels of the triangular ... [2 Related Articles]
buckwheat tree: (Cliftonia monophylla), evergreen shrub or small tree of the family Cyrillaceae, native to southern North America. It grows to about 15 m (50 feet) tall and has oblong or lance-shaped ...
Bucov, Emilian: (from the article "Moldova") ...socialism and creating the new Soviet citizen were the dominant themes, and socialist goals prevailed over aesthetic considerations. Characteristic of these trends were the early prose and poetry of Emilian ...
bucranium: decorative motif representing an ox killed in religious sacrifice. The motif originated in a ceremony wherein an ox's head was hung from the wooden beams supporting the temple roof; this ...
bud: (from the article "biological development") ...types and become molded into the constituent organs to build up a new individual identical to the parent. The group of cells responsible for this behaviour is, in its early ...
Buda Castle: (from the article "Budapest") In a central position is Castle Hill (Varhegy), 551 feet (168 metres) above sea level and crowned by the restored Buda Castle (Budai var, commonly called the Royal Palace). In ...
Budak, Mile: (from the article "Croatia") On August 22 a small right-wing group raised an unauthorized commemorative plaque to Mile Budak, a minister in Croatia's World War II fascist puppet government. The event caused domestic and ...
Budapest: city, capital of Hungary, and seat of Pest megye (county). The city is the political, administrative, industrial, and commercial centre of Hungary. The site has been continuously ... [11 Related Articles]
Budapest Academy of Music: (from the article "Erkel, Ferenc") Erkel played a significant role in the foundation of the Academy of Music in Budapest (1875), where he served as director and teacher of piano. He remained director until 1887, ...
Budapest Philharmonic Orchestra: Hungarian symphony orchestra based in Budapest. Members of the National Theatre orchestra began giving Philharmonic Concerts in 1853, in the midst of a period of political repression in Hungary. Ferenc ...
Budapest Zoo: foremost zoological garden in Hungary. Founded in 1866, it is administered and funded by the city of Budapest. A public foundation for support was established in 1992. The main entrance ...
Budaun: city, north-central Uttar Pradesh state, northern India. It lies near the Sot River, a tributary of the Ganges.
Budd, Zola: (from the article "Zola Budd: Collision and Controversy") It was not medal-winning heroics that made Zola Budd a household name at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles. Rather, the 18-year-old Budd found herself in the unflattering glare of ...
Buddha: the founder of Buddhism, one of the major religions and philosophical systems of southern and eastern Asia. Buddha is one of the many epithets of a teacher who lived in ... [38 Related Articles]
buddha: (from the article "Buddhism") The teacher known as the Buddha lived in northern India sometime between the mid-6th and the mid-4th centuries before the Common Era. In ancient India the title buddha referred to ...
Buddha's hand citron: (from the article "pottery") ...long life. The character shou, which also denotes longevity, is used in a variety of ornamental forms. Together, the peach and the bat represent fu-shou, long life and happiness. The ...
Buddhacarita: (Sanskrit: "Poetic Discourse on the Acts of the Buddha"), poetic narrative of the life of Buddha by the Sanskrit poet Asvaghosa, one of the finest examples of Buddhist literature. The ... [3 Related Articles]
Buddhadatta: (from the article "Abhidhammavatara") ...in the Abhidhamma (scholastic) section of the Theravada Buddhist canon. The Abhidhammavatara was written in Pali, apparently in the 5th century, by the poet and scholar Buddhadatta in the region ...
Buddhaghosa: Indian Buddhist scholar, famous for his Visuddhimagga ("The Path of Purification"), a summary of current Buddhist doctrines. Scholars do not agree about Buddhaghosa's birthplace, but it is known that he ... [2 Related Articles]
Buddhajayanti: (from the article "ceremonial object") The "cordons of light" placed around the sacred places of Buddhism during great festivals, such as at Bodh Gaya, in India, for the Buddhajayanti (the commemoration of the Buddha's 2,500th ...
Buddhapalita: the founder of the Prasangika school of Buddhism, mainly distinguished by its method of argumentation, similar to the Socratic dialogue. Buddhapalita wrote one of the early commentaries on the Akutobhaya ... [1 Related Articles]
Buddhavacana: (from the article "Buddhism") ...the basis for a long and very rich tradition of commentaries that were written and preserved by adherents of the Theravada community. The Mahayana and Vajrayana/Esoteric traditions have accepted as ...
buddhayana: (from the article "Buddhism") ...the way of those (the bodhisattvas) who, on the point of attaining salvation, give it up to work for the salvation of all other beings. All are forms of the ...
buddhi: (from the article "Indian philosophy") The order in which Matter evolves is laid down as follows: prakrti → mahat or buddhi (Intelligence) → ahamkara (ego-sense) → manas (mind) → five tanmatras (the sense data: colour, ...
Buddhism: religion and philosophy that developed from the teachings of the Buddha (Sanskrit: "awakened one"), a teacher who lived in northern India between the mid-6th and the mid-4th centuries BCE (before ... [236 Related Articles]
Buddhist council: any of several assemblies convened in the centuries following the death of the Buddha to recite approved texts of scriptures and to settle doctrinal disputes. Little reliable evidence of the ...
Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit language: Middle Indo-Aryan literary language, a Prakrit dialect heavily infiltrated with Sanskrit, in which the texts of the northern Buddhist scriptures were written. It was developed before the Christian era; its ... [1 Related Articles]
Buddhist Institute: (from the article "Khmer literature") ...production. French scholars began to take an interest in Cambodian culture and to collect and publish folktales, first in Paris and then in Cambodia. In 1930 they were involved in ...
Buddhist Liberal Democratic Party: (from the article "Cambodia") ...of three resistance groups camped along the Thai-Cambodian border: Norodom Sihanouk and his followers, the Khmer Rouge, and the noncommunist Khmer People's National Liberation Front (renamed the Buddhist Liberal Democratic ...
Buddhist meditation: the practice of mental concentration leading ultimately through a succession of stages to the final goal of spiritual freedom, nirvana. Meditation occupies a central place in Buddhism and combines, in ... [1 Related Articles]
budding: (from the article "budding") ...of a few unicellular organisms (e.g., certain bacteria, yeasts, and protozoans); however, a number of metazoan animals (e.g., certain cnidarian species) regularly reproduce by budding. In horticulture the term budding ...
budding: in biology, a form of asexual reproduction in which a new individual develops from some generative anatomical point of the parent organism. In some species buds may be produced from ... [13 Related Articles]
budding bacterium: any of a group of bacteria that reproduce by budding. Each bacterium divides following unequal cell growth; the mother cell is retained, and a new daughter cell is formed. (Binary ...
Bude Canal: (from the article "canals and inland waterways") ...hilly areas at Ketley in Shropshire, inclined planes were constructed in 1788 to haul tugboats from one level to another. The longest plane, about 225 feet, was on the Hobbacott ...
Bude, Guillaume: French scholar who brought about a revival of classical studies in France and helped to found the College de France, Paris; he was also a diplomat and royal librarian. [2 Related Articles]
Budel, Herbert Louis: (from the article "valley") One of the few classifications of valleys is that used by the German climatic geomorphologists Herbert Louis and Julius Budel. In areas of rapid uplift and intense fluvial action such ...
Budel, Julius: (from the article "morphogenetic region") theoretical area devised by geomorphologists to relate climate, geomorphic processes, and landforms. Morphogenetic classification was first proposed by Julius Budel, the German geographer, in 1945. The morphogenetic concept asserts that, ...
Budenny, Semyon Mikhaylovich: Red Army officer who played a prominent role in the Russian Civil War (1918-20) and later became a marshal of the Soviet Union.