(Arabic: "announcement"), the Muslim call to Friday public worship and to the five daily hours of prayer. It is proclaimed by the muezzin, a servant of the mosque chosen for ...
Frankish chronicler whose major work, Chronicon Aquitanicum et Francicum ("Chronicle of Aquitaine and France"), traces the history of Aquitaine and of the Franks from the times of the legendary king ...
any substance that is capable of holding materials together in a functional manner by surface attachment that resists separation. "Adhesive" as a general term includes cement, mucilage, glue, and paste-terms ...
(Punjabi: "First Book"), the sacred scripture of Sikhism, a religion of India. The book (also known as Granth, or Granth Sahib ["The Granth Personified"]) is a collection of nearly 6,000 ...
among some sects of Mahayana Buddhism, the first, or self-existing, Buddha, from whom are said to have evolved the five Dhyani-Buddhas (see Dhyani-Buddha). Though the concept of an Adi-Buddha was ...
process by which the removal of a magnetic field from certain materials serves to lower their temperature. This procedure, proposed by chemists Peter Debye (1926) and William Francis Giauque (independently, ...
in thermodynamics, change occurring within a system as a result of transfer of energy to or from the system in the form of work only. A rapid expansion or contraction ...
petty kingdom that was a vassal state of the Parthian empire (247 BC-AD 224) in northern Mesopotamia (now Iraq). Its capital was Arba-ilu (Arbela; modern Irbil). In the 1st century ...
one of several families in the fern order Filicales. It consists of about 60 genera with 850 species and is distributed throughout the world, especially in tropical America. The family ...
(from Greek adiaphora, "indifferent"), in Christian theology, the opinion that certain doctrines or practices in morals or religion are matters of indifference because they are neither commanded nor forbidden in ...
longest stream of Italy after the Po River. The Adige rises in the north from two Alpine mountain lakes below Resia Pass and flows rapidly through the Venosta Valley south ...
(1489-1686), ruling family of the kingdom of Bijapur, India, one of the two principal successor states to the Muslim sultanate of Bahmani in the Deccan. The dynasty strongly resisted the ...
city, northern Andhra Pradesh state, southern India. It is an agricultural-trade centre 160 miles (260 km) north of Hyderabad, on the Nagpur-Hyderabad section of the Varanasi-Kanniyakumari National Highway. Nearby, at ...
connective-tissue cell specialized to synthesize and contain large globules of fat. The chief chemical constituents of this fat are the neutral glycerol esters of stearic, oleic, and palmitic acids. The ...
mountains in northeastern New York state, U.S. They extend southward from the St. Lawrence River valley and Lake Champlain to the Mohawk River valley. The mountains are only sparsely settled, ...
horizontal opening, or entrance, made from the Earth's surface, usually to intersect a seam of coal or a mineral vein. An adit is frequently called a tunnel, a term more ...
(Sanskrit: "The Boundless"), in the Vedic phase of Hindu mythology, the personification of the infinite, and mother of a group of celestial deities, the Adityas. As a primeval goddess, she ...
city located in a valley of southeastern Turkey. Founded in the 8th century by the Umayyad Arabs near the site of ancient Perre, Hisn Mansur was later fortified by Caliph ...
in psychology, the behavioral process by which humans and other animals maintain an equilibrium among their various needs or between their needs and the obstacles of their environments. A sequence ...
substance that enhances the effect of a particular medical treatment. Administration of one drug may enhance the effect of another. In anesthesia, for example, sedative drugs are customarily given before ...
(1923), U.S. Supreme Court case in which the court invalidated a board established by Congress to set minimum wages for women workers in the District of Columbia. Congress in 1918 ...
psychiatrist whose influential system of individual psychology introduced the term inferiority feeling, later widely and often inaccurately called inferiority complex. He developed a flexible, supportive psychotherapy to direct those emotionally ...
American harmonica player generally considered to be responsible for the elevation of the mouth organ to concert status in the world of classical music.
Hungarian-born Australian businessman, founder of the Fire and All Risks Insurance Co. (later renamed FAI Insurance, Ltd.) and one of the 10 richest men in the country.
Italian-born American journalist, experimental novelist, and film critic best known for her analytic essays and reviews for The New Yorker magazine and for her 1986 book that investigates the news ...
American actress, teacher, and founder of the Stella Adler Conservatory of Acting in New York City (1949), where she tutored performers in "the method" technique of acting.
in Greek legend, son of Pheres, king of Pherae in Thessaly. Having sued for the hand of Alcestis, the most beautiful of the daughters of Pelias, king of Iolcos in ...
the legal framework within which public administration is carried out. It derives from the need to create and develop a system of public administration under law, a concept that may ...
any of several butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae (order Lepidoptera). They are fast-flying butterflies that are much prized by collectors for their coloration, which consists of black wings ...
any of a number of 14th- or 15th-century carpets handwoven in Spain, probably at Letur or at Lietor in Murcia. The carpets were made with the Spanish knot, tied on ...
racing trophy awarded to the winner of a biennial international competition among teams of sailing yachts; it was established in 1957 by the Royal Ocean Racing Club (RORC) of Great ...
a theatrical company in Elizabethan and Jacobean England. About 1576-79 they were known as Lord Howard's Men, so called after their patron Charles Howard, 1st earl of Nottingham, 2nd Baron ...
in Great Britain, until 1964, the government department that managed naval affairs. In that year the three service departments-the Admiralty, the War Office, and the Air Ministry-were abolished as separate ...
passage of water located between Brodeur and Borden peninsulas and indenting for 230 miles (370 km) the northwest coast of Baffin Island in the Baffin region of Nunavut territory, Canada. ...
in Papua New Guinea, extension of the Bismarck Archipelago comprising a group of about 40 islands. The group lies in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, about 190 miles (300 km) off ...
town, Ondo state, southwestern Nigeria. It lies in the Yoruba Hills, at the intersection of roads from Akure, Ilawe, Ilesha, Ila (Illa), and Ikare, and is situated 92 miles (148 ...
American developer of printing, publishing, and graphics software. Adobe was instrumental in the creation of the desktop publishing industry through the introduction of its PostScript printer language. Its headquarters are ...
transitional phase of growth and development between childhood and adulthood. In many societies adolescence is narrowly equated with puberty and the cycle of physical changes culminating in reproductive maturity.
king of Sweden from 1751 to 1771. He was the son of Christian Augustus (1673-1726), Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp, and of Albertina Frederica of Baden-Durlach.
city, western Andhra Pradesh state, southern India. It lies 140 miles (225 km) southwest of Hyderabad, on the Madras-Bombay railway route. Adoni was once the stronghold for the rulers of ...
novelist, essayist, journalist, and literary critic whose works of fiction embrace universal themes within the provincial setting of Brazil's rural northeast.
in the Old Testament, the fourth son of David, the natural heir to the throne. David's favourite wife, Bathsheba, organized an intrigue in favour of her son Solomon. Shortly after ...
in Greek mythology, a youth of remarkable beauty, the favourite of the goddess Aphrodite. Traditionally, he was the product of the incestuous love Smyrna (Myrrha) entertained for her own father, ...
the act of establishing a person as parent to one who is not in fact or in law his child. Adoption is so widely recognized that it can be characterized ...
either of two Christian heresies: one developed in the 2nd and 3rd centuries and is also known as Dynamic Monarchianism (see Monarchianism); the other began in the 8th century in ...
Genoese family prominent in the politics of that city's "popular" (democratic) dogeship (1339-1528), when the old aristocracy was exiled and new families seized power. Branches of the family became prominent ...
river in southwestern France. The Adour River rises in the central Pyrenees near Tourmalet Pass, just south of Midi de Bigorre Peak, and flows in a curve, north, then west, ...
town, Catania provincia, eastern Sicily, Italy. It lies near the Simeto River on a lava plateau on the western slopes of Mount Etna, northwest of Catania city. It originated as ...
traditional region of central Mauritania in western Africa. It consists of a low central massif with noticeable cliffs that rise to about 800 feet (240 m). The terrain is arid ...
palm grove settlement, the largest of the Touat oasis group, southwestern Algeria, in the Sahara. Adrar's historical name was given it by the local Berber people, the Timmi, who established ...
any of various drugs that interfere with the functioning of the sympathetic nervous system by affecting the release or action of norepinephrine and epinephrine. The former are hormones, secreted by ...
nerve fibre that releases the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (also known as noradrenaline) at the synapse, or junction, between a nerve and its end organ, which may be a muscle, gland, or ...
a polypeptide hormone formed in the pituitary gland that regulates the activity of the outer region (cortex) of the adrenal glands. In mammals the action of ACTH is limited to ...
a complex of symptoms resulting from an excessive secretion of androgenic 17-ketosteroids by the adrenal cortex. (These androgenic hormones further the development of masculine secondary sexual characteristics-the growth of body ...
outstanding spiritual leader of Spanish Jewry of his time (known as El Rab de Espana [the Rabbi of Spain]); he is remembered partly for his controversial decree of 1305 threatening ...
