(from the article "mathematics") After 1700 a movement to found learned societies on the model of Paris and London spread throughout Europe and the American colonies. The academy was the predominant institution of science ...
a society of learned individuals organized to advance art, science, literature, music, or some other cultural or intellectual area of endeavour. From its original reference in Greek to the philosophical ...
any of several awards presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, located in Beverly Hills, California, U.S., to recognize achievement in the film industry. The award, ... [4 Related Articles]
bay at the south end of Santa Cruz (Indefatigable) Island (one of the Galapagos Islands), in the eastern Pacific Ocean about 600 miles (965 km) west of mainland Ecuador. Named ...
(from the article "motion-picture technology") In monaural systems, a treble cut is employed in accordance with the Standard Electrical Characteristic of 1938, or Academy Curve, so that frequencies above 8,000 hertz (Hz) are "rolled off." ...
(from the article "Ukraine") The largest single scientific organization is the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Founded in 1918 (when Ukraine was briefly an independent state), the academy grew as an institution of research ...
museum of art in Venice housing an unrivaled collection of paintings from the Venetian masters of the 13th through the 18th century. There are outstanding works by Giovanni Bellini, Giorgione, ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "motion picture") Several different ratios of frame width to frame height, called "aspect ratios," have been used in motion pictures. The most common, known as the Academy ratio, is 1.33 to 1, ...
museum of art in Florence chiefly famous for its several sculptures by Michelangelo, notably his "David." It also has a collection of 15th- and 16th-century paintings and many 13th-16th-century Tuscan ...
North American Atlantic seaboard possessions of France in the 17th and 18th centuries. Centred in what are now New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island, Acadia was probably intended ... [3 Related Articles]
national park on the Atlantic coast of Maine, U.S., astride Frenchman Bay. It has an area of 65 square miles (168 square km) and was originally established as Sieur de ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "Louisiana") ...Parishes. Each area of settlement preserved a cultural heritage strongly marked by adherence to either Roman Catholic or Protestant faith. The Louisiana French, particularly the descendants of the Acadians (most ...
a mountain-building event that affected an area from present-day New York to Newfoundland during the Devonian Period (416 to 359.2 million years ago). Originally a depositional fore-arc basin formed from ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Saint Lawrence, Gulf of") ...channels occupy approximately one-quarter of the total area of the gulf. Then there are the submarine platforms, often less than 165 feet (50 m) in depth, of which the most ...
Pacific seaport, southwestern El Salvador. Spanish conquistadores defeated the Indians there in 1524, and it subsequently flourished as a colonial port. The old town has been rebuilt inland in order ...
(from the article "bhumi") ...("hard to conquer"), (6) abhimukhi ("turning toward" both transmigration and nirvana), (7) durangama ("far-going"), (8) acala ("immovable"), (9) sadhumati ("good-minded"), and (10) dharmamegha (showered with "clouds of dharma," or universal...
(from the article "copperleaf") ...plant, or red hot cattail (A. hispida), reaches a height of 3 m and is grown for its long, taillike, pendent flower spikes, rust red in colour. It is native ...
(from the article "smallpox") In 2007 the Food and Drug Administration in the United States approved a new smallpox vaccine, the only new vaccine for smallpox to be approved since 1931. The new vaccine, ...
(from the article "Soli") ancient Greek city on Cyprus, located west of modern Karavostasi on Morphou Bay. Soli traditionally was founded after the Trojan War by the Attic hero Acamas, perhaps reflecting the Sea ...
city, southeastern Guanajuato estado (state), central Mexico. Acambaro lies along the Lerma River, on the Mexican Plateau, at 6,388 feet (1,947 m) above sea level. A Spanish ...
(from the article "alcoholism") Most recently, naltrexone (an opiate antagonist) and acamprosate, or calcium acetylhomotaurinate (a modulator of gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA] and N-methyl-D-aspartate [NMDA] receptors), have, like disulfiram, been effective in reducing relapse over ...
one of 23 families in the mint order of flowering plants (Lamiales), containing approximately 230 genera and nearly 3,500 species distributed predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "marine ecosystem") ...phytoplankton. While many dinoflagellates carry out photosynthesis, some also consume bacteria or algae. Other important groups of protists include flagellates, foraminiferans, radiolarians, acantharians, and ciliates (Figure 3). Many of these ...
(from the article "spiny-headed worm") ...in the arthropod gut, the larva, called an acanthor, bores through the gut wall into the arthropod's blood cavity (hemocoel), becomes encapsulated there, and develops into a new stage called ...
a silver sulfide mineral (Ag2S) that is the most important ore of silver. It is abundant, with other silver minerals, in the sulfide mineral deposits of Kongsberg, Nor.; Kremnica, Slovakia; ...
(from the article "annelid") Primitive group; setae present on 5 anterior segments; no anterior sucker; parasitic on fish in Lake Baikal (U.S.S.R.); size, small; genera include Acanthobdella.An eversible pharynx used to penetrate host ...
(from the article "annelid") ...also modified to form sucker; body with 14 to 15 segments; all species parasitic or commensal on freshwater crayfish; size, minute; Stephanodrilus.Primitive group; setae present on 5 anterior segments; ...
(from the article "filariasis") ...eyeball). Loiasis produces irritation but seldom permanent damage. Treatment includes surgical removal of the worms from the conjunctiva and drug therapy. Other forms of filariasis are caused by Acanthocheilonema perstans ...
(from the article "spiny shark") Among the genera of spiny sharks most useful for fossil dating is Acanthodes, of the order Acanthodiformes, which attained worldwide distribution. Species of Acanthodes grew to be about 30 centimetres ...
(from the article "Hauterivian Stage") ...the thick Hils clay, whereas in Britain it includes the middle part of the Wealden sandstones and clays. The base of the stage is defined by the first appearance of ...
(from the article "spiny-headed worm") ...host. No further development occurs until the shelled embryos are eaten by an arthropod, which serves as a necessary intermediate host. After its release in the arthropod gut, the larva, ...
(from the article "community ecology") By the Late Devonian the earliest tetrapods had appeared. Forms such as Ichthyostega and Acanthostega (both from eastern Greenland) are the best-known. Aptly described ...
in architecture and decorative arts, a stylized ornamental motif based on a characteristic Mediterranean plant with jagged leaves, Acanthus spinosus. It was first used by the Greeks ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "acanthus") in architecture and decorative arts, a stylized ornamental motif based on a characteristic Mediterranean plant with jagged leaves, Acanthus spinosus. It was first used by the Greeks ...
(from the article "Latin America, history of") ...organizations were frankly influenced by European fascism, but in most countries their membership was numerically insignificant. The chief exception was Brazil, whose green-shirted Integralistas (Acao Integralista Brasileira) emerged as the ...
city and port, Guerrero estado (state), southwestern Mexico. Situated on a deep, semicircular bay, Acapulco is a resort with the best harbour on the Pacific coast of ... [1 Related Articles]
low range on the border of Brazil (Para state) and southern Guyana. The mountains, which rise to about 2,000 feet (600 metres) above sea level, run in an east-west direction ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "beekeeping") Acarine disease is caused by the mite Acarapis woodi that gets into the tracheae of the bee through its breathing holes or spiracles in its thorax or midsection. Bees affected ...
(from the article "Paraguay") Paraguay's most important natural resource is its hydroelectric potential. Most electricity in Paraguay came from wood- and oil-burning thermoelectric plants in Asuncion until the Acaray hydroelectric power plant began operating ...
stream in southwestern Peru, rising in the Cordillera Occidental and flowing to the Pacific Ocean; its valley is the site of remains of the Nazca culture. [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "arachnid") ...in some fully engorged ticks; body segments fused; mouthparts adapted to piercing, sucking, biting, grating, or sawing; many parasitic and economically important.30,000 species. Eyes present or absent; habitats ...
city, northern Portuguesa estado (state), northwestern Venezuela. Formerly the state capital, Acarigua is a principal commercial centre of the northern portion of the Llanos (plains), in which cattle, sugarcane, cotton, ...
(from the article "beekeeping") Acarine disease is caused by the mite Acarapis woodi that gets into the tracheae of the bee through its breathing holes or spiracles in its thorax or midsection. Bees affected ...
district of ancient Greece bounded by the Ionian Sea, the Ambracian Gulf, Mount Thyamus, and the Achelous River. Corinth founded several colonies on the coast of Acarnania in the 7th ...
(from the article "fungus") ...lichens; thick ascal apex with narrow canal; includes subclasses Acarosporomycetidae, Lecanoromycetidae, and Ostropomycetidae; contains 10 orders.Forms lichens; asci unitunicate and lecanoralean (resembling asci of the genus Lecanora), with nonamyloid ...
(from the article "Indian philosophy") The main religious inspirations are from the theistic tradition of the Alvar poet-saints and their commentators known as the Acaryas, who sought to combine knowledge with action (karma) as the ...
rare hereditary metabolic disorder caused by lack of the organic catalyst or enzyme called catalase. Although a deficiency of catalase activity is noted in many tissues of the body, including ...
(from the article "catalexis and acatalexis") in prosody, an omission or incompleteness in the last foot of a line or other unit in metrical verse and, conversely, the metrical completeness of such a unit.
(from the article "Venice") ...Bridge, designed by the aptly named Antonio da Ponte (c. 1590). The other two bridges are of more recent origin: the Scalzi Bridge, at the railway station, was built of ...
(from the article "Ricca, Paul") Chicago gangster who was considered "the brains" behind the operations of Al Capone and Capone's successors, Frank Nitti and Tony Accardo. He was the Chicago representative in the formation of ...
(from the article "income tax") ...corporate income tax on investment can be lessened by accelerating the rate at which the cost of new machinery and buildings is written off against taxable income through depreciation allowances. ...
(from the article "soil") ...of soil profiles. These processes become soil conservation issues when the rate of erosion greatly exceeds the rate expected in the absence of human land use-a situation referred to as ...
(from the article "supercomputer") ...the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty by the United States in 1996, the need for an alternative certification program for the country's aging nuclear stockpile led the Department of Energy to ...
(from the article "electron tube") ...in the electron beam and focuses the beam. The voltage between the cathode and the cavity resonators (the buncher and the catcher, which serve as reservoirs of electromagnetic oscillations) is ...
(from the article "particle accelerator") ...at the centre of an evacuated chamber that has the shape of a short cylinder, like a pillbox, between the poles of an electromagnet that creates a uniform field perpendicular ...
rate at which velocity changes with time, in terms of both speed and direction. A point or an object moving in a straight line is accelerated if it speeds up ... [25 Related Articles]
physiological changes that occur in the human body in motion as a result of rapid increase of speed. Rapid acceleration and surges in acceleration are felt more critically than are ...
in the rubber industry, any of numerous chemical substances that cause vulcanization (q.v.) of rubber to occur more rapidly or at lower temperatures. Many classes of compounds act as accelerators, ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "mass spectrometry") Accelerator mass spectrometryuse in radiometric datingdatingTechnical advancesThe introduction of an instrument called an accelerator mass spectrometer has brought about a ...
(from the article "Clark, John Maurice") ...and practically unattainable became the approach adopted by antitrust authorities throughout the world. In Studies in the Economics of Overhead Costs (1923), Clark developed his theory of the acceleration principle-that ...
instrument that measures the rate at which the velocity of an object is changing (i.e., its acceleration). Acceleration cannot be measured directly. An accelerometer, therefore, measures the force exerted by ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "garden and landscape design") Accent and contrast enliven arrangements that may be so balanced, orderly, and harmonious as to be dull. An accent is an element that differs from everything around it, as silver-gray ...
in prosody, a rhythmically significant stress on the syllables of a verse, usually at regular intervals. The word accent is often used interchangeably with stress, though some ...
in music, momentary emphasis on a particular rhythmic or melodic detail; accent may be implied or specifically indicated, either graphically for example, >, -) or verbally (sforzato, abbreviated sfz). In ... [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "applied logic") ...the grammar of a statement is such that several distinct meanings can obtain (example: "The governor says, 'Save soap and waste paper.' So soap is more valuable than paper"). (3) ...
in phonetics, that property of a syllable which makes it stand out in an utterance relative to its neighbouring syllables. The emphasis on the accented syllable relative to the unaccented ... [8 Related Articles]
any of 12 species of bird in the Old World family Prunellidae (order Passeriformes). They have slender bills and rounded wings, and they frequently hop or move with a peculiar ... [1 Related Articles]
in prosody, a metrical system based only on the number of stresses or accented syllables in a line of verse. In accentual verse the total number of syllables in a ... [2 Related Articles]
in prosody, the metrical system that is most commonly used in English poetry. It is based on both the number of stresses, or accents, and the number of syllables in ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "contract") Some of the rules respecting offer and acceptance are designed to operate only when a contrary intention has not been indicated. Thus, in German law an offeror cannot withdraw his ...
short-term credit instrument consisting of a written order requiring a buyer to pay a specified sum at a given date to the seller, signed by the buyer as an indication ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "statistics") Assume that a consumer receives a shipment of parts called a lot from a producer. A sample of parts will be taken and the number of defective items counted. If ...
(from the article "automata theory") ...and of the reading and writing operations used. The term discrete state automaton is sometimes used to emphasize the discrete nature of the internal states. The principal classes are transducers ...
company that performed commedia dell'arte (improvised popular Italian comedy) in the early 1600s. The name means "the stimulated." Leadership was provided by Tristano Martinelli (famous for his portrayal of Arlecchino, ...
(from the article "applied logic") ...In possible world semantics, p is possible in some world w if and only if p is true in some world w' accessible to w. Depending on the properties of ...
(from the article "Roman law") Accessio worked in this manner: if an accessory thing belonging to A was joined to a principal one belonging to B, the ownership in the whole went to B. For ...
(from the article "European Union") ...institutions, and determines whether members have fulfilled their treaty obligations. Each member selects one judge, who serves a renewable six-year term; to increase efficiency, after the accession of 10 additional ...
(from the article "Fashions") High-fashion magazines promoted lavish accessories, such as Louis Vuitton's gold leather-trimmed $4,000 Trianon handbag and a Bottega Veneta "knot" bag-a clutch made from expensive material such as crocodile, python, and ...
in law, a person who becomes equally guilty in the crime of another by knowingly and voluntarily aiding the criminal prior to or after the crime. An accessory is one ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "accomplice") An accessory after the fact is often not considered an accomplice but is treated as a separate offender. Such an offender is one who harbours, protects, or assists a person ...
(from the article "crime") ...principal in the first degree strikes the blow) are principals in the second degree; and those who assist before the crime takes place (e.g., by lending the weapon or by ...
(from the article "angiosperm") ...gynoecium (e.g., raspberries where each unit is a single carpel). Multiple fruits consist of the gynoecia of more than one flower and represent a whole inflorescence, such as the fig ...
(from the article "circulation") In addition to the main systemic heart, many species have accessory booster hearts at critical points in the circulatory system. Cephalopods have special muscular dilations, the branchial hearts, that pump ...
any mineral in an igneous rock not essential to the naming of the rock. When it is present in small amounts, as is common, it is called a minor accessory. ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Vanderbilt, Cornelius") ...passengers and goods from New York City and New Orleans to San Francisco via Nicaragua. With the enormous demand for passage to the West Coast brought about by the 1849 ...
(from the article "Greece, history of") ...over Albania and then temporarily in the service of the Knights Hospitalers, a military-monastic order) took Thebes in 1378 or 1379. This weakened Catalan power and opened the way for ...
(from the article "Epicureanism") ...implied that an event can occur without a cause. It has seldom been noted, however, that the swerve is merely a special case-a transposition into atomistic terms-of Aristotle's theory of ...
(from the article "demography") In developed countries, accidents cause more loss of life and disability among children (except infants) than any disease. Road-traffic mishaps account for nearly half of the accidental deaths-usually the child ...
(from the article "New Zealand") ...loss of earnings, and they are covered by insurance for any medical or other treatment; in addition they waive the right to sue for damages. The act led to the ...
in music, sign placed immediately to the left of (or above) a note to show that the note must be changed in pitch. A sharp (♯) raises a note by ... [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "insurance") ...the insured a weekly indemnity for a period of up to six months if the insured is temporarily disabled and unable to work. Long-term disability extends the income for periods ...
(from the article "Aristotle") ...as predicating a second substance of a first substance (Socrates) or as predicating a substantial form of a first substance. Whereas substantial forms correspond to the category of substance, accidental ...
(from the article "Spain") ...a base for the formation of a right-wing party devoted to the reversal of the church settlement. This party, established by the Catholic politician Jose Maria Gil Robles, was known ...
any bird of the genus Accipiter, largest genus of the birds of prey, consisting of about 50 species of falconiform birds, or "bird" hawks, of the family Accipitridae. Sometimes accipiters ... [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "falconiform") Most species build nests on trees, ledges of cliffs, or, rarely, on the ground. All members of the family Accipitridae, as well as caracaras, the osprey, and the secretary bird, ...
a form of irony in which a person feigns indifference to or pretends to refuse something he or she desires. The fox's dismissal of the grapes in Aesop's fable of ...
one of the greatest of the Roman tragic poets, in the view of his contemporaries. His plays (more than 40 titles are known, and about 700 lines survive) were mostly ... [2 Related Articles]
any of the numerous gradual, long-term responses of an organism to changes in its environment. Such responses are more or less habitual and reversible should environmental conditions revert to an ... [3 Related Articles]
