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Albemarle Sound ... Albuquerque, Afonso de, the Great
Albemarle Sound
shallow coastal inlet of northeastern North Carolina, U.S. Protected from the Atlantic Ocean by the Outer Banks, it extends (east-west) for about 50 miles (80 km) and varies in width ...
Albeniz, Isaac
composer and virtuoso pianist, a leader of the Spanish nationalist school of musicians.
Alberdi, Juan Bautista
Argentine political thinker whose writings influenced the assembly that drew up the constitution of 1853.
Alberoni, Giulio
statesman who as de facto premier of Spain (1716-19) played a major role in the revival of that nation after the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-14).
Albers, Josef
painter, poet, sculptor, teacher, and theoretician of art, important as an innovator of such styles as Colour Field painting and Op art.
Albert
antipope in 1102. He was cardinal bishop of Sabina when elected in February or March 1102 as successor to the antipope Theodoric of Santa Ruffina, who had been set up ...
Albert
margrave of Brandenburg, cardinal, and elector of Mainz, a liberal patron of the arts known chiefly as the object of the reformer Martin Luther's attacks concerning the sale of indulgences.
Albert
king of Saxony from Oct. 29, 1873, Catholic king of a Protestant country who was nonetheless popular with his subjects. He also was a capable soldier who fought well in ...
Albert
prince of Monaco (1889-1922), seaman, amateur oceanographer, and patron of the sciences, whose contributions to the development of oceanography included innovations in oceanographic equipment and technique and the founding and ...
Albert
last grand master of the Teutonic Knights from 1510 to 1525, first duke of Prussia (from 1525), a Protestant German ruler known chiefly for ending the Teutonic Knights' government of ...
Albert Canal
waterway connecting the cities of Antwerp and Liege in Belgium. Completed in 1939, the Albert Canal is about 80 mi (130 km) long, has a minimum bottom width of 80 ...
Albert I
duke of Austria and German king from 1298 to 1308 who repressed private war, befriended the serfs, and protected the persecuted Jews.
Albert I
king of the Belgians (1909-34), who led the Belgian army during World War I and guided his country's postwar recovery.
Albert I
the first margrave of Brandenburg and founder of the Ascanian dynasties (q.v.). He was one of the main leaders of 12th-century German expansion into eastern Europe.
Albert II
king of the Belgians from 1993.
Albert II
German king from 1438, king (Albert) of Hungary, king (Albrecht) of Bohemia, and duke (Albrecht) of Luxembourg. As a member of the Habsburg dynasty he was archduke (Albert V) of ...
Albert II Alcibiades
margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach, member of the Franconian branch of the Hohenzollern family, and a soldier of fortune in the wars between the Habsburgs and the Valois dynasty of France.
Albert II, prince de Monaco
32nd hereditary ruler of the principality of Monaco (2005- ). He was the only son of Rainier III, prince de Monaco, and Grace Kelly (Princess Grace de Monaco), a former ...
Albert III
duke of Saxony, founder of the Albertine branch of the House of Wettin, and marshal of the Holy Roman Empire.
Albert III Achilles
elector of Brandenburg, soldier, and administrative innovator who established the principle by which the mark of Brandenburg was to pass intact to the eldest son.
Albert L'ouvrier
French worker who became the workers' representative in the provisional government and National Assembly of 1848; he was the first industrial workingman to enter a government in France.
Albert Lea
city, seat of Freeborn county, southern Minnesota, U.S. It lies about 90 miles (145 km) south of Minneapolis, just north of the Iowa state line. The city is situated on ...
Albert Memorial
monument in Kensington Gardens, in the Greater London borough of Westminster. It stands near the southern boundary of the park, between Alexandra Gate and Queen's Gate, just north of the ...
Albert Nile
the upper Nile River in northwestern Uganda, eastern Africa, issuing from the north end of Lake Albert (Mobutu), just north of the mouth of the Victoria Nile. It flows 130 ...
Albert of Aix
canon of the church of Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle) and historian of the First Crusade. He gathered oral and written testaments of participants in the Crusade and provided a chronicle on the ...
Albert Of Saxony
German scholastic philosopher especially noted for his investigations into physics.
Albert VII
cardinal archduke of Austria who as governor and sovereign prince of the Low Countries (1598-1621) ruled the Spanish Netherlands jointly with his wife, Isabella, infanta of Spain (see Isabella Clara ...
Albert, Archduke
able field marshal who distinguished himself in the suppression of the Italian Revolution of 1848 and in the Austro-Prussian War (1866) and whose reforms turned the Austrian Army into a ...
Albert, Eugen d'
naturalized German composer and piano virtuoso best remembered for his opera Tiefland (1903) and his arrangements and transcriptions of the music of J.S. Bach.
Albert, Heinrich
German composer of a famous and popular collection of 170 songs, the most representative examples of German Baroque solo song.
Albert, Lake
northernmost of the lakes in the Western Rift Valley, in east-central Africa, on the border between Congo (Kinshasa) and Uganda. In 1864 the lake was first visited by a European, ...
Albert, Prince Consort of Great Britain and Ireland
the prince consort of Queen Victoria of Great Britain and father of King Edward VII. Although Albert himself was undeservedly unpopular, the domestic happiness of the royal couple was well ...
Alberta
most westerly of Canada's three Prairie Provinces, occupying the continental heartland of the western part of the country. It has an area of 255,285 square miles (661,190 square kilometres), of ...
Alberta Basin
large, petroleum-rich sedimentary basin along the eastern edge of the Rocky Mountains in central Alberta, Canada. The basin was formed when the Earth's crust sank along the continental side of ...
Alberti Family
wealthy Florentine merchant banking family that was influential in European politics in the second half of the 14th century and notable for its patronage of the arts and beneficence toward ...
Alberti, Domenico
Venetian composer whose harpsichord sonatas depend heavily on an accompaniment pattern of broken, or arpeggiated, chords known as the Alberti bass.
Alberti, Leon Battista
Italian Humanist, architect, and principal initiator of Renaissance art theory. In his personality, works, and breadth of learning, he is considered the prototype of the Renaissance "universal man."
Alberti, Rafael
Spanish writer of Italian Irish ancestry, regarded as one of the major Spanish poets of the 20th century.
Albertina Graphics Collection
compilation of graphic arts in the Hofburg, or Imperial Palace, of Vienna, Austria. It is important for its comprehensive collection of prints, drawings, sketchbooks, and miniatures assembled in the 18th ...
Albertinelli, Mariotto
painter associated with Fra Bartolomeo, and an artist whose style upheld the principles of the High Renaissance in Florence a decade after its leading exponents had moved to Rome.
Albertini, Luigi
Italian journalist, an early and outspoken opponent of Fascism, who made the Corriere della sera (in Milan) one of the most respected and widely read daily newspapers in Europe.
Albertosaurus
large carnivorous dinosaurs of the Late Cretaceous Period (99 million to 65 million years ago) found as fossils in North America and eastern Asia. Albertosaurs are an early subgroup of ...
Albertus Magnus, Saint
Dominican bishop and philosopher best known as a teacher of St. Thomas Aquinas and as a proponent of Aristotelianism at the University of Paris. He established the study of nature ...
Albery Family
British family of theatre managers and playwrights whose members helped build the London theatre into a prime tourist attraction.
Albi
city, capital of Tarn departement, Midi-Pyrenees region, in the Languedoc, southern France. It lies along the Tarn River where the latter leaves the Massif Central for the Garonne Plain, northeast ...
Albigenses
the heretics-especially the Catharist heretics-of 12th-13th-century southern France. (See Cathari.) The name, apparently given to them at the end of the 12th century, is hardly exact, for the movement centred ...
albinism
(from the Latin albus, meaning "white"), the absence of pigment in the eyes, skin, hair, scales, or feathers. Albino animals rarely survive in the wild because they lack the pigments ...
Albino
colour type of horse, characterized by pink skin and a pure white coat. Unlike some other colour types, which develop as the horse matures, the Albino is born white and ...
Albinoni, Tomaso Giovanni
Italian composer remembered chiefly for his instrumental music.
Albinovanus Pedo
Roman poet who wrote a Theseid, referred to in a letter from his friend the poet Ovid; epigrams that are commended by the Latin poet Martial; and an epic poem ...
Albinus
Greek philosopher, a pupil of Gaius and a teacher of Galen, and a forerunner of Neoplatonism.
Albinus, Bernard Siegfried
German anatomist who was the first to show the connection of the vascular systems of the mother and the fetus.
Albinus, Decimus Clodius Septimius
Roman general, a candidate for the imperial title in the years 193-197. He represented the aristocracy of the Latin-speaking West, in contrast to Pescennius Niger, candidate of the Greek-speaking East, ...
Albion
the earliest-known name for the island of Britain. It was used by ancient Greek geographers from the 4th century BC and even earlier, who distinguished "Albion" from Ierne (Ireland) and ...
Albion College
private, coeducational institution of higher learning located in Albion, Mich., U.S. Albion is a liberal arts college offering bachelor's degrees in the humanities, business, social sciences, natural sciences, and the ...
albite
common feldspar mineral, a sodium aluminosilicate (NaAlSi3O8) that occurs most widely in pegmatites and acidic igneous rocks such as granites. It may also be found in low-grade metamorphic rocks and ...
Albizia
large genus of trees, of the pea family (Fabaceae), native to warm regions of the Old World. The alternate, compound leaves are bipinnate (i.e., the leaflets of the feather-formed leaves, ...
Albo, Joseph
Jewish philosopher and theologian of Spain who is noted for his classic work of Jewish dogmatics, Sefer ha-'iqqarim (1485; "Book of Principles").
Alboin
king of the Germanic Lombards whose exceptional military and political skills enabled him to conquer northern Italy.
Alboni, Marietta
Italian operatic contralto known for her classic Italian bel canto.
Alborg
city, port, and seat of Nordjylland amtskommune (county), northern Jutland, Denmark, on the south side of Limfjorden. It has existed since about AD 1000 and is one ...
Albornoz, Gil Alvarez Carrillo de
Spanish cardinal and jurist who paved the way for the papacy's return to Italy from Avignon, France (where the popes lived from about 1309 to 1377).
Albrechtsberger, Johann Georg
Austrian composer, organist, and music theorist who was one of the most learned and skillful contrapuntists of his time. His fame attracted many pupils, including Ludwig van Beethoven.
Albret Family
Gascon family celebrated in French history. The lords (sires) of Albret included warriors, cardinals, and kings of Navarre, reaching the height of their power in the 14th to 16th century. ...
Albright, Ivan
American painter noted for his meticulously detailed, exaggeratedly realistic depictions of decay and corruption.
Albright, Madeleine
American public official, former U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, the first woman to hold the cabinet post of U.S. secretary of state.
Albright, Tenley
American figure skater and first American woman to win the world championships (1953) and an Olympic gold medal in figure skating (1956). She was also the first to win the ...
Albright, W.F.
American biblical archaeologist and Middle Eastern scholar, noted especially for his excavations of biblical sites.
Albright-Knox Art Gallery
museum in Buffalo, New York, U.S., that is noted for its collections of contemporary painting and sculpture, including American and European art of the 1950s, '60s, and '70s. Schools such ...
Albula Alps
part of the Rhaetian Alps in eastern Switzerland, lying in Graubunden canton to the north of the resort of Saint Moritz. The mountains extend northeastward from the Splugen Pass (6,932 ...
album
in ancient Rome, a whitened board on which public notices were inscribed in black. The annals compiled by the pontifex maximus (chief priest), the annual edicts of the praetor, the ...
Albumazar
leading astrologer of the Muslim world, who is known primarily for his theory that the world, created when the seven planets were in conjunction in the first degree of Aries, ...
albumen paper
light-sensitive paper prepared by coating with albumen, or egg white, and a salt (e.g., ammonium chloride) and sensitized by an aftertreatment with a solution of silver nitrate. The process was ...
albumin
a type of protein that is soluble in water and in water half saturated with a salt such as ammonium sulfate. Serum albumin is a component of blood serum; alpha-lactalbumin ...
Albuquerque
largest city of New Mexico, U.S., seat (1852) of Bernalillo county, on the Rio Grande opposite a pass between the Sandia and Manzano mountains to the east. It is encircled ...
Albuquerque, Afonso de, the Great
Portuguese soldier, conqueror of Goa (1510) in India and of Melaka (1511) on the Malay Peninsula. His program to gain control of all the main maritime trade routes of the ...