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Azarov, Mykola ...

Azarov, Mykola: (from the article "Ukraine") ...mi) | Population (2005 est.): 47,075,000 | Capital: Kiev | Chief of state: Presidents Leonid Kuchma and, from January 23, Viktor Yushchenko | Head of government: Prime Ministers Viktor Yanukovich, ...
azaspirodecanedione: (from the article "drug") Buspirone is an antianxiety drug that is unrelated to the benzodiazepines. It does not affect the GABA receptor, nor does it have any muscle-relaxant or anticonvulsive properties. It also lacks ...
azathioprine: immunosuppressive drug that is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and to suppress the body's rejection of transplanted organs. By inhibiting several enzymatic pathways required for the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid ... [2 Related Articles]
Azay-le-Rideau: town and chateau, Indre-et-Loire departement, Centre region, central France. The town lies along the Indre River a few miles upstream from its confluence with ...
Azazel: in Jewish legends, a demon or evil spirit to whom, in the ancient rite of Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement), a scapegoat was sent bearing the sins of the Jewish ... [1 Related Articles]
Azbakiyyah, al-: (from the article "Cairo") ...renovation of Paris, Isma'il ordered the construction of a European-style city to the west of the medieval core. French city-planning methods dominated the design of the districts of Al-Azbakiyyah (with ...
Azbe, Anton: (from the article "Kandinsky, Wassily") ...according to acquaintances, a mixture of diplomat, scientist, and Mongol prince. But for the moment he was simply an average art student, and he enrolled as such in a private ...
Azcarraga Milmo, Emilio: , Mexican billionaire who created the Spanish-speaking world's largest media empire by building up his family's radio and television network; his fortune was estimated at $2 billion (b. Sept. 6, ...
Azcona del Hoyo, Jose Simon: Honduran politician (b. Jan. 26, 1927, La Ceiba, Honduras-d. Oct. 24, 2005, Tegucigalpa, Honduras), served as the country's president from 1986 to 1990. Azcona, owner of a construction company, became ...
Azcona, Rafael: Spanish novelist and screenwriter penned some 100 screenplays, notably for La Grande Bouffe (1973) and Belle Epoque (1992), which won the Academy Award for best foreign-language film. Many of Azcano's ...
Azef, Yevno: (from the article "Russia") ...known) did much to demoralize both the revolutionaries and the police and to undermine the reputation of both with the public at large. The nadir was reached in 1908, when ...
Azeglio, Massimo Taparelli, Marquess d': aristocrat, painter, author, and statesman who was a leader of the movement that advocated an Italian national revival (Risorgimento) by the expulsion of all foreign influences from the then-divided Italian ... [3 Related Articles]
azekura-zukuri: (from the article "arts, East Asian") ...after the death of Emperor Shomu in 756. The joined-log structure, built of cypress timbers that are triangular in cross section, resembles a granary, a style of construction known as ...
azeotrope: in chemistry, a mixture of liquids that has a constant boiling point because the vapour has the same composition as the liquid mixture. The boiling point of an azeotropic mixture ... [1 Related Articles]
azepine: (from the article "heterocyclic compound") ...six-membered ring heterocycles, although these compounds are usually stable and some of them have found practical application. Of the seven-membered ring compounds, one-heteroatom heterocycles-azepines, oxepines, and thiepines-and their derivatives are ...
Azerbaijan: country of eastern Transcaucasia. Occupying an area that fringes the southern flanks of the Caucasus Mountains, it is bounded on the north by Russia, on the east by the Caspian ... [28 Related Articles]
Azerbaijan: geographic region that comprises the extreme northwestern portion of Iran. It is bounded on the north by the Aras River, which separates it from independent Azerbaijan and Armenia; on the ... [9 Related Articles]
Azerbaijan Popular Front: (from the article "Azerbaijan") ...the Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in Moscow in August 1991, Azerbaijan declared itself independent, and the head of the party, Ayaz Mutalibov, was elected its first president. In May 1992 ...
Azerbaijan, flag of: horizontally striped light blue, red, and green national flag with a central crescent and star. Its width-to-length proportion is 1 to 2.
Azerbaijan, history of: (from the article "Azerbaijan") In ancient and early medieval times, eastern Transcaucasia was populated by Iranian speakers, nomadic Turkic tribes, Kurds, and the Caucasian Albanians, who converted to Christianity in the 4th century and ...
Azerbaijani: any member of a Turkic people living chiefly in the Republic of Azerbaijan and in the region of Azerbaijan in northwestern Iran. At the turn of the 21st century there ... [3 Related Articles]
Azerbaijani language: (from the article "Turkic languages") A later period includes Middle and Late Ottoman, Azerbaijani, Late Chagatai, and others. Ottoman is the leading language, with a rich literature comprising a variety of forms and styles. Azerbaijani ...
azetidine: (from the article "heterocyclic compound") Azetidine, oxetane, and thietane-four-membered rings containing, respectively, one nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur atom-are prepared by nucleophilic displacement reactions similar to those used to prepare the corresponding three-membered rings.
Azevedo, Aluizio: novelist who set the pattern for the naturalistic novel in Brazil and whose work anticipated later novels of social protest. [1 Related Articles]
Azhar University, al-: chief centre of Islamic and Arabic learning in the world, centred on the mosque of that name in the medieval quarter of Cairo, Egypt. It was founded by the Fatimids ... [6 Related Articles]
Azhari Husin: (from the article "Indonesia") ...rather than the massive car bombs of the preceding three attacks. In early November authorities eventually identified the suicide bombers as part of the network led by two Malaysian terrorists, ...
Azhari, Isma'il al-: statesman and Sudanese prime minister in 1954-56, who was instrumental in achieving his country's independence. [2 Related Articles]
Azhi Dahaka: (from the article "Iranian religion") ...and so on, comes to an end when falsehood enters Yama's speech. The royal Glory (Khvarnah) flees from Yama and takes refuge in the cosmic sea. Yama is then overthrown ...
azide: any of a class of chemical compounds containing three nitrogen atoms as a group, represented as (-N₃). Azides are considered as derived from hydrazoic acid (HN₃), an inorganic salt such ... [1 Related Articles]
Azienda Generale Italiana Petroli: (from the article "Italy") ...Middle Eastern oil. The dynamic policies of Enrico Mattei, president of ENI (Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi, the state-owned energy group), were central to this development. The petroleum company AGIP (Azienda Generale ...
Azienda Nazionale Autonoma delle Strade Statali: (from the article "Italy") ...the National Electrical Energy Fund (Ente Nazionale per l'Energia Elettrica; ENEL), and the State Insurance Fund (Istituto Nazionale delle Assicurazioni; INA). Other principal agencies include the Azienda Nazionale Autonoma delle ...
Azikiwe, Nnamdi: first president of independent Nigeria (1963-66). [3 Related Articles]
Azilian industry: tool tradition of Late Paleolithic and Early Mesolithic Europe, especially in France and Spain. The Azilian industry was preceded by the richer and more complex Magdalenian industry and was more ... [2 Related Articles]
azimuth: (from the article "altitude and azimuth") in astronomy, gunnery, navigation, and other fields, two coordinates describing the position of an object above the Earth. Altitude in this sense is expressed as angular elevation (up to 90°) ...
azimuth instrument: (from the article "navigation") The simplest, and probably earliest, azimuth instrument consists of two sights on opposite sides of the compass bowl connected by a thread. The assembly can be rotated to permit sighting ...
azimuthal drift: (from the article "geomagnetic field") Azimuthal drift is produced by two effects: a decrease in the strength of the main field away from the Earth and a curvature of magnetic field lines. The first effect ...
Azimuthal Equidistant: (from the article "map") A type of projection often used to show distances and directions from a particular city is the Azimuthal Equidistant. Such measurements are accurate or true only from the selected central ...
azimuthal projection: (from the article "map") Azimuthal, or zenithal, projections picture a portion of the Earth as a flattened disk, tangent to the Earth at a specified point, as viewed from a point at the centre ...
aziridine: (from the article "heterocyclic compound") The three-membered ring heterocycles containing single atoms of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur-aziridine, oxirane (or ethylene oxide), and thiirane, respectively-and their derivatives can all be prepared by nucleophilic reactions, of the ...
Aziz, al-: caliph under whom the Fatimid empire attained its greatest extent.
Aziz, Shaukat: (from the article "Pakistan") ...of Pakistani-administered Jammu and Kashmir as well as 2,400,000 Afghan refugees) | Capital: Islamabad | Head of state and government: President Gen. Pervez Musharraf, assisted by Prime Ministers Shaukat Aziz ...
azlon: synthetic textile fibre composed of protein material derived from natural sources. It is produced, like other synthetic fibres, by converting the raw material to a solution that is extruded through ...
azmari: (from the article "stringed instrument") ...piano also belongs to this genre. Other examples include the harpers of Celtic Ireland and Scotland, who devoted their skills to the accompaniment of learned bards. The
Azmi, Kaifi: Indian poet and lyricist (b. about 1920, Mijwan, United Provinces [now Uttar Pradesh], India-d. May 10, 2002, Mumbai [Bombay], India), sought to inspire social change through his passionate Urdu-language verse, ...
Aznar, Jose Maria: lawyer and politician who served as prime minister of Spain from 1996 to 2004. [5 Related Articles]
azo compound: any organic chemical compound in which the azo group (&singlehorzbond;N&doublehorzbond;N&singlehorzbond;) is part of the molecular structure. The atomic groups attached to the nitrogen atoms may be of any organic class, ... [1 Related Articles]
azo dye: any of a large class of synthetic organic dyes that contain nitrogen as the azo group &singlehorzbond;N&doublehorzbond;N&singlehorzbond; as part of their molecular structures; more than half the commercial dyes belong ... [5 Related Articles]
azo group: (from the article "dye") ...in these reactions was unclear until 1866, when Kekule proposed correctly that the products have aryl rings linked through a &singlehorzbond;N&doublehorzbond;N&singlehorzbond; unit, called an azo group; hence, the dyes containing ...
azo pigment: (from the article "pigment") ...are presently synthesized from aromatic hydrocarbons. These are compounds containing structures of carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms attached that are formed in closed rings. Organic pigments include azo pigments, which ...
azobenzene: (from the article "azo compound") Most aromatic azo compounds are prepared by the reaction of a diazonium salt with an organic substance that contains easily replaced hydrogen atoms. The synthesis of azobenzene from nitrobenzene by ...
azodicarbonamide: (from the article "plastic") ...should decompose at about the molding temperature of the plastic, decompose over a narrow temperature range, evolve a large volume of gas, and, of course, be safe to use. One ...
Azogues: city, south-central Ecuador. It lies in a high Andean valley northeast of Cuenca. Its economy is based on agricultural trade, and grains and fruit are cultivated in the surrounding area. ...
azoic diazo: (from the article "dye") The discovery of the azo dyes led to the development of other dyeing techniques. Azo dyes are formed from an azoic diazo component and a coupling component. The first compound, ...
Azollaceae: (from the article "fern") ...(Salvinia); sori from the submerged lobe or leaf, enclosed in a globose indusium, each containing either one megaspore or several microspores; 2 genera, often treated as separate families (Azollaceae and ...
azonal soil: (from the article "Andes Mountains") The azonal soils-alluvials (soils incompletely evolved and stratified without definite profile) and lithosols (shallow soils consisting of imperfectly weathered rock fragments)-occupy much of the Andean massif. In Colombia, sandy yellow-brown ...
azoospermia: (from the article "infertility") ...usually considered low. Low sperm count is generally referred to as oligospermia. In some cases, male infertility is caused by complete absence of spermatozoa in the ejaculate, a condition known ...
Azores: archipelago composed of nine major islands, in the North Atlantic Ocean; they lie roughly 1,000 miles (1,600 km) west of Portugal and are an autonomous part of that country. The ... [2 Related Articles]
Azores high: large, persistent, atmospheric high-pressure centre that develops over the subtropical region of the North Atlantic Ocean. It is a subtropical high-pressure cell that moves northward during the summer. Usually there ... [2 Related Articles]
Azorin: novelist, essayist, and the foremost Spanish literary critic of his day. He was one of a group of writers who were engaged at the turn of the 20th century in ... [2 Related Articles]
Azotobacter: (from the article "bacteria") ...Treponema pallidum, which is the causative agent of syphilis, averaging only 0.15 mum in diameter but 10 to 13 mum in length. Some bacteria are relatively large, such as Azotobacter, ...
Azov: town, Rostov oblast (province), southwestern Russia. It lies on the left bank of the Don River, 4 miles (7 km) east of the Sea of Azov. The Greek colony of ... [4 Related Articles]
Azov Upland: hilly region, southeastern Ukraine. Part of the Ukrainian Crystalline Shield, the Azov Upland is an area of denuded mountains, extending from the Dnieper River for 100 miles (160 km) to ...
Azov, Sea of: inland sea situated off the southern shores of Ukraine and Russia. It forms a northern extension of the Black Sea, to which it is linked on the south by the ... [2 Related Articles]
Azraqis: (from the article "Muhallab ibn Abi Sufra, al-") ...al-Zubayr, who appointed him governor of the eastern province of Khorasan. Before he could assume his responsibilities, however, he was forced to undertake several campaigns against the Azraqis, a fanatical ...
Azrou: (from the article "Ifrane") ...craters are equipped with alpine ski runs. It is also the home of Al-Akhawayn University (1995), Morocco's first private institution of higher education modeled on the American university system. Azrou, ...
AZT: drug used to delay development of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) in patients infected with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). AZT belongs to a group of drugs known as nucleoside reverse transcriptase ... [1 Related Articles]
Aztec: Nahuatl-speaking people who in the 15th and early 16th centuries ruled a large empire in what is now central and southern Mexico. The Aztec are so called from Aztlan ("White ... [35 Related Articles]
Aztec calendar: dating system based on the Mayan calendar and used in the Valley of Mexico before the destruction of the Aztec empire. Like the Mayan calendar, the Aztec calendar consisted of ... [5 Related Articles]
Aztec Empire: (from the article "Anthropology and Archaeology") Human skeletons found at an archaeological site called Tecuaque, near Mexico City, provided grisly confirmation of Aztec practices of human sacrifice. The site was a flourishing Aztec community of 5,000 ...
Aztec religion: (from the article "pre-Columbian civilizations") Perhaps the most highly elaborated aspect of Aztec culture was the religious system. The Aztec derived much of their religious ideology from the earlier cultures of Meso-America or from their ...
Aztec Ruins National Monument: archaeological site in northwestern New Mexico, U.S., on the Animas River, just north of the city of Aztec. The national monument was established in 1923 and has an area of ...
Aztec Stadium: (from the article "stadium") ...to accommodate in excess of 100,000 people include Melbourne Cricket Ground, in Melbourne (100,000); Tsentraly (Lenin) Stadium, in Moscow (103,000); Odsal Stadium, in Bradford, England (102,500); Aztec Stadium, in Mexico ...
Azteca: (from the article "Rosales") ...in density and mechanical properties and is used in making boxes, plywood, and particleboard stock. A symbiotic relationship exists between species of Cecropia and ants of the genus Azteca. The ...
Azteco-Tanoan languages: a major grouping (phylum or superstock) of American Indian languages that includes the large Uto-Aztecan language family and the small Kiowa-Tanoan language family of New Mexico and Oklahoma. The Uto-Aztecan ... [2 Related Articles]
Azua: city, southwestern Dominican Republic. Founded in 1504 on the Caribbean coast, the original town was destroyed by an earthquake; the town was reestablished 3 miles (5 km) inland at its ... [1 Related Articles]
Azuchi: (from the article "arts, East Asian") In any case, Nobunaga's rise is the referent event for the start of the period. He selected Azuchi, a town on the eastern shore of Lake Biwa, a few miles ...
Azuchi-Momoyama period: (1574-1600), in Japanese history, age of political unification under the daimyo Oda Nobunaga and his successor Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who finally brought all provinces under the control of the central government. ... [5 Related Articles]
Azuela, Mariano: Mexican writer whose 20 novels chronicle almost every aspect of the Mexican Revolution. [1 Related Articles]
Azuero Peninsula: physical region in southwestern Panama, protruding south into the Pacific Ocean between the Gulf of Panama to the east and the Gulf of Montijo to the west. It measures 60 ... [1 Related Articles]
Azul, Mount: (from the article "Ecuador") ...consist of 19 rugged islands and scores of islets and rocks situated about 600 miles (900 km) west of the mainland. The largest island, Isabela (Albemarle), rises to 5,541 feet ...
azulejo: (from Arabic az-zulayj, "little stone"), Spanish and later principally Portuguese tiles produced from the 14th century onward. At first the term was used to denote only North African mosaics, but ... [2 Related Articles]
Azulejo Museum: (from the article "Lisbon") The city has many other museums, including those dedicated to modern, antique, sacred, decorative, and folk arts. Two specialized, rather unusual museums are the Azulejo Museum and the National Museum ...
azulene: (from the article "chemical compound") ...spectra normally coalesce to produce a continuous absorption spectrum, with some of the strongest individual absorption peaks appearing as sharp spikes. For example, the UV-visible spectrum of azulene, a molecule ...
azurite: basic copper carbonate [Cu₃(OH)₂(CO₃)₂]. It is ordinarily found with malachite in the oxidized zone of copper lodes. Notable deposits are Tsumeb, Namibia; Chessy, Fr.; and Bisbee, Ariz., U.S. Azurite was ...
Azusa Street revival: (from the article "Pentecostalism") Wider national and international expansion, however, resulted from the Azusa Street revival that began in 1906 at the Apostolic Faith Gospel Mission at 312 Azusa Street in Los Angeles. Its ...
azygous system: (from the article "human cardiovascular system") ...from the back and from the walls of the chest and abdomen drains into veins lying alongside the vertebral bodies (the weight-bearing portions of the vertebrae). These veins form what ...
azygous vein: (from the article "vena cava") ...been collected from the head and neck and the arms; they also drain blood from much of the upper half of the body, including the upper part of the spine ...
Azzaro, Loris: (from the article "Fashions") Another standout was French vintage evening wear produced in Paris by the late Tunisian-born designer Loris Azzaro; during the 1970s he dressed actresses Marisa Berenson, Liza Minnelli, and Raquel Welch ...
Azzi-Hayasa: (from the article "Mursilis II") ...western kingdom of Arzawa, one of the main threats to the Hittite realm. Chronic trouble with the Kaska in the north necessitated almost annual pacification operations (10 in all), and ...
Azzolino, Decio: (from the article "Christina") ...Vasa, who had abdicated the throne of Poland; but her failure seemed to please her since this meant that she could return to her beloved Rome. There she had formed ...
Azzone Dei Porci: a leader of the Bolognese school of jurists and one of the few to write systematic summaries (summae) rather than textual glosses of Roman law as codified ...